- •«Political Systems of different countries»
- •Us legislative branch of power
- •Exercises
- •1. Give equivalents of the following:
- •2. Find as many synonyms as you can:
- •3. Translate into English:
- •4. Translate the underlined passage into Russian.
- •Uk Legislative Branch of Power: Law-making in theory and practice
- •Exercises
- •1. Find the equivalents for the following:
- •2. Give as many synonyms as you can:
- •3. Translate into English:
- •4. Translate the underlined passage into Russian.
- •Listen, read and discuss Exercises
- •Describe the procedure of legislating in the British Parliament.
- •Listen to the text and consider this particular case.Say what other factors should be taken into consideration for a bill to become a law. Listening I.
- •Read the article and discuss it. Before you read,
- •David Steel attacks Nick Clegg's reform of the House of Lords
- •Disscussion Point 1
- •Executive Branch of Power of the usa
- •Exercises
- •1. Give the equivalents to the following:
- •2. Give as many synonyms as you can:
- •3. Translate into English:
- •4. Translate the underlined passage into Russian.
- •The British Government: The Structure of Her Majesty's Government
- •Exercises
- •1. Read the text and complete these sentences:
- •2. Speak about these appointments and their responsibilities. Translate the names of the titles into Russian.
- •3. What is the difference between Ministers of State, Junior Ministers and Non-Departmental Ministers? The Cabinet
- •1. Find equivalents of the following:
- •2. Give as many synonyms as you can:
- •3. Translate into English
- •4. Translate the underlined passage into Russian.
- •Listen, read and discuss
- •Speak about Presidential powers and the ones of a Prime Minister.
- •Listen to the text and consider this particular case. Say what powers are exercised by the Monarch and by the British Prime Minister. Listening II
- •Read the article and discuss it. Before you read,
- •Us legal system
- •Exercises
- •1. Find equivalents of the following.
- •2. Give as many synonyms as you can.
- •3. Translate into English
- •4. Translate the underlined passage. Lesson 10. Uk legal system
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •Speak about criminals which should be sentenced to death penalty. Do you think there have been more or less hard criminals recently?
- •Read the article and discuss it. Before you read,
- •Miscarriages of justice are slipping off the public radar
- •Judicial systems of different countries
- •Elections in the usa
- •1. Find equivalents of the following:
- •2. Continue the following phrase as you wish:
- •3. Translate into English
- •4. Translate the underlined passage into Russian.
- •General elections in the United Kingdom
- •Polling Day
- •Exercises
- •Speak about Barack Obama’s electoral campaign. Which party does he represent? Who were his main rivals? What do you know about their political careers?
- •Listen to the text and answer the following questions. Listening IV.
- •Read the article and discuss it. Before you read,
- •Analysis: European elections can bring a cash bonanza for the far Right
Exercises
1. Find equivalents of the following.
Туманный, неясный; отменить расовую сегрегацию; ознакомить подозреваемого с его правами, судебный надзор, федеральная судебная система, система законов, не иметь права на защиту, объявлять акты Конгресса неконституционными, поправка к Конституции, доктрина «раздельные, но равные», апелляционный суд, закон о торговых марках, суд низшей инстанции; право хранить молчание, право на консультацию адвоката до помещения в полицейский участок, уладить дело в суде, правительственное агентство, административный орган; претензионный суд; судебное решение; постановление судьи; слушать дело, выносить вердикт; гражданские и уголовные дела, окружные суды, судебный округ (2); список дел к слушанию, Внешнеторговый суд; патентное право; дело, являющееся вехой в судебной практике; председатель Верховного суда США, судебные заседатели, быть тесно связанным
2. Give as many synonyms as you can.
judicial system, to dispatch cases, judicial review, to entitle, to abolish, to consult with an attorney, court decision, docket of cases, judicial districts, to render verdicts
3. Translate into English
1) Федеральная судебная система, на основании системы законов США, определяет какие действия являются конституционными, а какие нет. 2) В 1803 году, в ходе рассмотрения одного из дел, возникло понятие судебного надзора и Верховный Суд США получил полномочия объявлять акты Конгресса неконституционными. 3) В 1853 году суд постановил, что афроамериканцы не являются гражданами США, и, следовательно, не имеют права на защиту в суде, предоставляемую большинству американцев. 4) На этом основании позже была отменена 14 поправка к Конституции. 5) В 1954 году решением суда была отменена расовая сегрегация в государственных средних школах США. 6) При задержании подозреваемому должны быть зачитаны его права. 7) Подозреваемый имеет право хранить молчания вплоть до встречи с адвокатом. 8) Верховный суд –это последняя инстанция для любого дела, которое не было разрешено в судах нижестоящих инстанций. 9) Верховный суд состоит из главного судьи и 8 судебных заседателей, которые назначаются Президентом США и чьи кандидатуры подтверждаются Сенатом. 10) Судья сам решает, когда ему следует прекратить свою деятельность. 11) Дела, которые рассматривает Верховный суд тесно связаны с конституционным и федеральным законом.12) Работа Верховного Суда традиционно начинается в первый понедельник октября и прекращается, когда заканчивается список дел к слушанию.13) Для отправления правосудия территория США поделена на 12 федеральных округов, которые в свою очередь подразделяются на 94 судебных округа. 14) Внешнеторговый суд слушает дела по вопросам международной торговли и разрешает таможенные споры.
4. Translate the underlined passage. Lesson 10. Uk legal system
Before you read think
- How many judicial systems do you think UK legal system comprises?
- Do you happen to know the difference between common and civil law?
-What could be a jurisdiction of Family Court or Queen’s bench?
Actually, there are three legal systems in The United Kingdom.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_United_Kingdom - cite_note-0 English law, which applies in England and Wales, and Northern Ireland law, which applies in Northern Ireland. These legal systems are based on common-law principles. Scots law, which applies in Scotland, and thus the Scottish legal system is based on civil-law principles, with common law elements.
Common law was developed by judges through decisions of courts and similar tribunals rather than through legislative statutes or executive action. In common law, the court is bound to follow the reasoning used in the prior decision if a similar dispute or precedent has been resolved in the past.
In civil law laws are codified, and not determined by judges. The principle of civil law is to provide all citizens with an accessible and written collection of the laws which apply to them and which judges must follow.
Since October 2009 the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is the highest court in the land for all criminal and civil cases in England and Wales and Northern Ireland .
In England and Wales, the court system is headed by the Supreme Court of England and Wales, consisting of the Court of Appeal, the High Court of Justice (for civil cases) and the Crown Court (for criminal cases). The Courts of Northern Ireland follow the same pattern.
In Scotland the chief courts are the Court of Session1, for civil cases, and the High Court of Justiciary2, for criminal cases. Sheriff courts have no equivalent outside Scotland as these Courts deal both with criminal and civil caseloads.
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council3 is the highest court of appeal for several independent Commonwealth countries, the British overseas territories, and the British Crown dependencies. It also hears cases concerning questions relating to the powers and functions of the devolved legislatures. The 'devolution' function will be transferred to the new Supreme Court.
There are also immigration courts with UK- wide jurisdiction — the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal 4and Special Immigration Appeals Commission. The former was constituted in the United Kingdom with jurisdiction to hear appeals from many immigration and asylum decisions. It was created on 4 April 2005, replacing the former Immigration Appellate Authority. The Employment tribunals5 and the Employment Appeal Tribunal have statutory jurisdiction to hear many kinds of disputes between employers and employees. The most common disputes are concerned with unfair dismissal, redundancy payments and employment discrimination.
Civil courts
Civil cases at first instance are heard in the County Courts (for minor claims) or the High Court, which is divided into three divisions: Queen's Bench6, Family and Chancery. Cases may be appealed to the Court of Appeal (Civil Division). Cases may be appealed from the County Court to the High Court.
The work of the Queen's Bench Division consists mainly of claims for: damages in respect of personal injury, negligence, breach of contract, libel and slander non-payment of a debt etc.
The House of Lords used to be the supreme court of appeal. Its judicial functions are quite separate from its legislative work, and cases are heard by up to 13 senior judges known as the Lords of Appeal in Ordinary7, or Law Lords. It shares its function as the supreme appellate court with.
However the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 provides for the establishment of a Supreme Court to replace the judicial function of the House of Lords with an independent appointments system, thereby making a constitutional separation between the legislature and the judiciary.
Criminal courts
Criminal cases are heard at first instance in the Magistrates' Courts, with more serious ones being hears in the Crown Court. Appeals are heard in the Court of Appeal Criminal Division.