Question Words

Simple (S) (Active Voice)

Continuous (C) (Active Voice)

Perfect (P) (Active Voice)

Perfect Continuous (P.C.)

(Active Voice)

Present S

Present C

Present P

Present P.C.

Past S

Past C

Past P

Past P.C.

Future S

Future C

Future P

Future P.C.

Future S in the Past

Future C in the Past

Future P in the Past

Future P.C. in the Past

Present Simple (Active Voice)

Present Continuous (Active Voice)

Present Perfect

(Active Voice)

Present Perfect Continuous (Active Voice)

Usage

For repeated actions; for timetables & instructions; for sports commentaries & narrations.

Usage

For actions taking place at the moment of speaking (in process); with adverbs such as: usually, always ― to express anger, irritation; for actions that have already been arranged to be done; for changing situations. State verbs do not normally have Continuous tenses (like, believe, understand, feel, hear, etc.).

Usage

For an action which has recently or in the past finished, but the exact time of the action is not stated; with such time expressions: ever, never, just, already, so far, yet, recently, lately; for an action which has taken place within the period of time which is not over at the moment of speaking (today, this month, this week, etc.).

Usage

For putting an emphasis on

the duration of the action which started in the past and continues up to the present (for, since), the result of the action is visible in the present; to express anger, irritation.

Formation

(Aff) = S+pr(s,es,3rd per.sing.+object +adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time.

(―) = S+aux.v.(do/does)

+not+v(1form) +object + adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time.

(?). Aux.v.(do/ does)+s+v (1form) +object + adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time?

Formation

(Aff) = S+ aux.v.(am, is, are) +v+(ing)+object+adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time.

(―) = S+aux.v.(am / is / are) not+ v+(ing)+object + adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time.

(?)=Aux.v.( am / is/ are)+s+v+(ing)+object+ adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time?

Formation

(Aff) = S+aux.v.(have/has)+v(3^rd form /ed)+object +adv modif. of place + adv. modif. of time.

(―) = S+

aux.v.(have/has) + not+ v(3^rd form/ed)+object + adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time.

(?) = Aux.v.(have/has)+s+v(3^rdform/ed)+object+ adv.modif. of place + adv. modif. of time?

Formation

(Aff)=S+aux.v.(have/ has been)+v(+ing)+object+adv modif. of place + (since, for)+adv. modif. of time.

(―) =S+aux.v.(have/has not been+ v(+ ing)+object + adv.modif. of place +( since, for) + adv. modif. of time.

(?)=Aux.v(have/has)+s+been+v(ing)+object+ adv.modif. of place + (since, for)+adv. modif. of time?

Examples

A computer includes both hardware and software.

All computers do not include middleware. Does a computer include both hardware and software?

Examples

Different drill bits are performing different functions now.

Different drill bits are not performing different functions now.

Are different drill bits performing different functions now?

Examples

This modern computer architecture has included a processor, a memory, and

a set of instructions stored in the memory this year.

This modern computer architecture has not included a processor, a memory, and

a set of instructions stored in the memory this year.

Has this modern computer architecture included a processor, a memory, and

a set of instructions stored in the memory this year?

Examples

The processor has been retrieving instructions from the memory since five o’clock.

The processor has not been retrieving instructions from the memory since five o’clock.

Has the processor been retrieving instructions from the memory since five o’clock or the printer?