Методичка для СПО отредактир
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A lot of people prefer to travel by car because it is very convenient. You don`t have to buy tickets and carry heavy luggage. You are more mobile: you can stop wherever you wish and spend as much time as you like at any place. However, this way of travelling is not as comfortable and quick as
travelling by plane or train.
8. Answer the following questions:
1.Do you think modern life is impossible without travelling?
2.Do people travel only for pleasure?
3.Why do people travel?
4.What are the means of travelling?
5.How do you prefer to travel and why?
6.What is the fastest kind of travelling?
7.What way of travel do you prefer?
9. Look through text “The ways of travelling” and find the English equivalents to the Russian word combinations:
сидение у окна, безопасность, удобный, путешествие, страдающий морской болезнью, приводить к отмене и задержке, преимущества и недостатки, дорогой, попутчик, деловая поездка, или … или, покупать билеты, панорамный обзор, тяжелый багаж, плавательный бассейн, кабина с кондиционированным воздухом, удобные места.
10. Match the beginning of the sentences with the ending:
1. |
One of the most popular means of |
1. |
it is very convenient. |
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travelling is … |
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2. |
The time on the plane goes by |
2. |
the main advantages of trains and |
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quickly, especially if.… |
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planes. |
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the most convenient and more ex- |
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3. |
Travelling by train is … |
3. |
pensive than any other form of |
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modern transport. |
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4. |
Speed, comfort, safety and pleas- |
4. |
that make even the longest journey |
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ure are.… |
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more pleasant. |
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5. |
If you have a window seat … |
5. |
you watch a video, read a book or |
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speak to your fellow passengers. |
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6. |
Modern trains have … |
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travelling by train. |
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A lot of people prefer to travel by |
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you can get a wonderful view of |
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7. |
car because … |
7. |
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the beautiful cloudy sky. |
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8. |
Travelling by car is not as com- |
8. |
slower than travelling by plane, |
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fortable and quick as … |
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but it is less expensive. |
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9. |
Air-travelling is … |
9. |
more comfortable seats. |
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There are also sleeping cars and |
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travelling by plane or train. |
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dining cars …. |
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11. Fill in the table “The advantages and disadvantages of various means of travel”:
advantages |
disadvantages |
air
train
ship
car
12.Translate the following notices into Russian:
1.FASTEN SEAT BELTS!
2.DINING-SALOON.
3.BOAT-DECK.
4.PASSENGERS NOT ALLOWED ON THE BRIDGE.
5.ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES.
6.CROSS THE LINE BY THE BRIDGE.
7.LEFT LUGGAGE OFFICE.
8.BOOKING OFFICE.
13.*Read and translate the text. Pay attention to the words in bold:
Air travel
Departure
When you arrive at an airport, the departures board will show you the flight numbers (e.g. BA735), departures times (e.g. 08.40) and destinations. At the check-in counter, someone will check your ticket and weigh your luggage. If it is more than, for example, 20 kilograms, you will have to pay excess baggage. You can take your hand luggage with you on the aircraft. You also get your boarding pass and then you can go through passport control, where someone checks your passport, and into the departure lounge, where you can
buy things in the duty-free shop, e.g. alcohol beverages and perfume. Shortly before take-off, you go to the place where you get on the plane, e.g. Gate 3 or Gate 5. When you board the plane, you can put your hand luggage in a small cupboard above your seat called an overhead locker. You then have to fasten your seat belt. If there are no delays, the plane moves slowly to the runway, then it takes off.
Arrival
When the plane lands, there is always an announcement from a member of the cabin crew telling the passengers to wait until the plane completely stops before they stand up. Then you get off the plane and walk through the terminal
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building to the baggage reclaim. When you`ve got your luggage, you go through customs and leave the airport.
14. Complete the words or phrases using the words from the box:
crew |
baggage |
board |
building |
counter |
luggage |
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free |
reclaim |
number |
pass |
control |
locker |
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duty _____________________ |
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overhead ________________ |
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hand ___________________ |
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boarding ________________ |
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excess __________________ |
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baggage _________________ |
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cabin __________________ |
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passport _________________ |
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check-in ________________ |
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terminal ___________________ |
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flight _________________ |
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departure _______________ |
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15. Read and translate the dialogue and answer the questions after it:
Travelling by Train
Every year John Brown goes to Edinburgh to an annual book exhibition. It is both pleasure and business for him. He can go either by train or by air. He always chooses trains. He considers them to be safer and more comfortable. Custom is a second nature.
John comes to the station twenty minutes before the departure of the Edinburgh train and goes straight to the ticket-office:
-I`d like a one-way ticket for the afternoon train to Edinburgh.
-What class?
-First. I`d like a corner seat in a nonsmoker, facing the engine.
-Here is your ticket. The train is departing in fifteen minutes.
-What time does it get to Edinburgh?
-Just a second… It is due to arrive in Edinburgh at eight sharp.
-Thank you for the information.
-Have a pleasant journey!
John has a small bag with him and he doesn`t need a porter. So he goes to the departure platform and takes his seat in the compartment. In a few minutes the train starts. There is only one passenger except John in the compartment.
P.: Excuse me, do you know this rout well?
J.: I travel this route once a year. This train is almost never late. I like travelling by train.
P.: So do I. It`s going well now. It will be wonderful if it keeps the same speed all the way.
J.: It slows down a little when it passes small stations. Don`t you think it`s a bit stuffy here?
P.: Yes, rather. Would you mind if I open the window? J.: Good idea. Shall I call the train conductor?
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P.: No, I`ll manage it myself. Is it all right?
J.: Yes, fine.
J.: I have some cans of beer. Would you like a beer?
16. Answer the following questions:
1.Where does John Brown go every year?
2.What does he prefer, trains or planes? Why?
3.What ticket does he ask for?
4.Where does John go after he buys the ticket?
5.Is his compartment full? How many fellow-passengers are there?
6.Why do the men decide to open the window of the compartment?
7.How do the men decide to pass the time?
17. Read and translate the dialogue and answer the questions after it:
Travelling by Air
Mary Brown`s mother lives in Amsterdam. She can stand neither trains nor planes, that`s why she never travels. Once a year Mary goes to visit her. Sometimes she takes both children with her. This time she decided to travel alone. She comes to the ticket-office of “British Airways” to book a ticket for tomorrow.
Clerk: Good morning.
Mary: Good morning. I`d like to book a seat on the plane for Amsterdam for tomorrow.
C.: Yes, madam. Do you want to travel economy class or first class?
M.: Economy class, please.
C.: I`ll check the timetable for you. Just a moment… There is a flight leaving
Heathrow at 11.55 tomorrow arriving in Amsterdam at 13.20. It flies non-stop. M.: That suits me. What time do I have to get to the airport?
C: You`ll have to be at West London Air Terminal by 10.20 at the latest. The coach leaves for the airport at 10.30. But if you are going to the airport on your own you must be there before 11.30 and you can pick up your ticket at the airport booking office.
M.: Thank you. Good-bye.
Mary is on board the plane at last. It started from London with an hour delay. There is a middle-aged lady sitting next to Mary.
Lady: Excuse my disturbing you. Do you know when we are to land in Amsterdam?
Mary: Approximately at half past two.
L.: I thought we could reach the continent earlier.
M.: I don`t think it is possible with the weather being so unfavorable. The fog is still dense.
L.: Want a cigarette?
M.: Thanks, I don`t smoke.
L.: Good for you. I can`t get rid of it. You can`t teach old dogs new tricks.
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M.: Too bad. If you want to take care of your health, you`d better give it up. L.: That`s exactly what my son says. Are you going to Amsterdam for the
first time?
M.: No, my mother lives there. And you?
L.: I`m going to Amsterdam for the first time. It`s a business trip. Our company imports tulip bulbs and flower seeds from Holland.
M.: I see. Hope you`ll enjoy your stay in Amsterdam. L.: Let`s hope for the best. Look, we are landing! M.: Looks like that.
18. Answer the following questions:
1.Why does Mary go to Amsterdam?
2.With whom does she travel there?
3.What air company does Mary fly with?
4.What kind of ticket does she book?
5.Does the plane start on time?
6.Who is Mary`s fellow-passenger?
7.What does the lady offer Mary?
8.Why does the lady travel to Amsterdam?
Unit 10.
MY FUTURE PROFESSION
Содержание
10.1. The Sequence of Tenses a)
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Simultaneous |
Prior Action |
Future Action |
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Action |
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- he lived in Kiev |
- he had |
already |
- they |
would arrive |
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- they were |
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left Moscow |
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on Sunday |
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I knew |
waiting for us |
- it had been |
- they |
would |
be |
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(that) - |
- he had been |
raining as |
it was |
working at 6 |
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He said |
living in |
Kiev |
wet outside |
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- he |
would |
have |
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since 1945 |
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- she had been ill |
translated the |
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- he had |
known |
for two weeks |
article by Monday |
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her for two years |
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b)
Present Indefinite (I do …)
Present Continuous (He is doing …) Present Perfect (I’ve done …)
Past Indefinite (I did …)
Past Continuous (I was doing …)
Past Perfect (I had done …)
Past Indefinite (I did …)
Past Continuous (He was doing …) Past Perfect (I had done …)
Past Perfect (or stays the same) (I did/ had done …)
Past Perfect Continuous
(I had been doing …) does not change
1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the sequence of tenses:
a)1. They wrote that they required ten more machines. 2. My friend said he had a good dictionary. 3. I wasn't sure the book was worth reading. 4. Our teacher said that the term "engineering" had many Russian equivalents. 5. He was told that his friend was a good driver. 6. The teacher was glad that the students were listening to him so attentively. 7. I thought you spoke Russian. 8. I knew he was a historical person. 9. I thought the seafront was a long way from the hotel. 10. He said the embankment was worth seeing. 11. He said the matter was hardly worth troubling about.
b)1. It was really surprising how the rate of exchange had gone up. 2. The teacher wanted to know how many students had joined the English circle. 3. He told us that all his drawings had been signed. 4. The students said they had finished all their drawings. 5. I didn't know Mr Carter had taken over as finance manager. 6. He told us they'd had a very useful exchange of opinions. 7. I knew that the students had organized a meeting.
c)1. They said they wouldn't be able to give a definite answer till they received a telex from their partner. 2. They told us they would let us know their decision as soon as their finance director came back from his holiday. 3. He was sure the matter would be settled after we had another discussion. 4. They wrote they would send another fax after they spoke to the representative of the sellers. 5. They said the reconstruction would require more time and money if a few changes were- n't made in the project. 6. They wrote that a new stock exchange would be established in the near future. 7. Everybody knew that the project would require a great effort.
2. Use the verb in brackets in the correct tense form:
1. The director hoped the film (to be) a success. 2. We didn’t remember that he (to repeat) that speech from memory. 3. He believed that a fine memory (to be) absolutely necessary for that post. 4. We agreed that the goods (to be packed) in wooden boxes. 5. We know that you (to come) with excellent recommendations. 6. He said he always (to remember) his first day at the University. 7. I thought that
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you (to arrive) at some decision. 8. I wasn’t sure I (to get through – дозвониться) to them at once. 9. She thought we (to wait) for her. 10. He promised that he (to give) a lecture in the near future.
10.2. Direct and Indirect Speech
Direct Speech |
Indirect Speech |
Jimmy said, “My brother is learning to |
Jimmy said that his brother was learning |
drive” (The Present Continuous Tense) |
to drive” (The Past Continuous Tense) |
Nick said, “Sometimes I go home by |
Nick said that sometimes he went home |
tram” (The Present Indefinite Tense) |
by tram” (The Past Indefinite Tense) |
The teacher told John, “You didn’t |
The teacher told John that he hadn’t |
write exercise two”. |
written exercise two. |
Frank said, “Ron fell down, but he |
Frank said that Ron had fallen down, but |
didn’t hurt himself”. (The Past |
he hadn’t hurt himself. (The Past |
Indefinite Tense) |
Perfect Tense) |
Bob said, “My uncle has just arrived |
Bob said that his uncle had just arrived |
from Paris”. (The Present Perfect |
from Paris. (The Past Perfect Tense) |
Tense) |
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NB! to say smth. (to smb.) |
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To tell smb. smth. |
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3. Change the following sentences into indirect speech:
a)1. He said, “We were just discussing the terms of the agreement when the telephone call interrupted us”. 2. Then she added, “I have been waiting for you since two o’clock”. 3. He said, “She is going abroad next month”. 4. She said, “I have been very ill, but I am feeling much better”. 5. He has just said, “I want to speak to you”. 6. She tried to explain, “I’m afraid I can’t go there now but I’ll probably be able to go there tomorrow”. 7. He promised, “I’ll come as soon as I can”. 8. He went on insisting, “The counterparts will agree to our new price if we send them a fax immediately”.
b)1. Then she added, “I would like to take part in the beauty contest”. 2. They asked me, “Could you take a message?” 3. The coach said to me, “You should wait until the weather changes”. 4. Everybody insisted, “You ought to congratulate your uncle on this occasion”. 5. He said, “The price must include the cost of packing”.
4. Put the following sentences into indirect speech with the introducing verb in the Past Tense. (Vary the introducing verb):
a) He said, told us, stated, declared, etc.
1. She must go there at once if she still wants to see him. 2. She is sorry he didn’t come yesterday. 3. He will answer the letter when he gets the information. 4.
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I have never been here before. 5. I expect to hear some news tomorrow, I’ll tell you if I do. 6. You have been very generous today.
b) He asked, wanted to know, didn’t know, wondered, etc.
1.Is she invited to the party? 2. What exhibition did you visit last week? 3. Will the new project require a great effort if we change the preliminary schedule?
4.Must we be here by six or can we come a bit later? 5. Shall we have our meal now? 6. Where shall we meet tonight? 7. Why are you insisting on it? 8. Do you know when she will arrive in Moscow? 9. Who must follow these instructions? 10. How can I fasten the belt? 11. Why did you make up your mind to take part in the conference? 12. Does the doctor allow you to smoke?
5.Practise sentences below using Indirect Speech and translate each sentence into Russian:
a) 1. She tried to find out, “How long will it take you to make preliminary ar-
rangements?” 2. “How much time is left?” he asked. 3. “How many of you took part in the discussion?” she wanted to know. 4. “Who is the first to speak?” the teacher asked. 5. He asked, “Why can’t a definite answer be given soon?” 6. “When must he be back?” I wondered. 7. “Which of you would like to join us?” he asked. 8. We asked him, “How did it happen?” 9. The host wondered, “Why are you leaving so soon?” 10. I was asked, “How far’s the bus stop?” 11. The policeman asked, “What’s the matter?”
b) 1. I asked a salesman, “Can you guarantee that the computer will be delivered next week?” 2. The manager asked, “Does the appointed time suit everybody?” 3. She asked me, “Have you been learning English for five years?”
Topical Vocabulary
6. Read and remember the following words and word combinations:
A.
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employment |
занятость, трудоустройство |
job |
работа, служба, которую человек выполня- |
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ет с целью заработка. This is my first job. – |
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Это моя первая работа. (Исчисл. сущ.) |
work |
работа, которую человек выполняет не |
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только с целью заработка, но и бесплатно. I |
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go to work. – Я хожу на работу (Я работаю). |
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On Sunday I work in the garden. Housework – |
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работа по дому, homework – домашняя рабо- |
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та. (Неисчисл. сущ.) |
labour |
труд, работа (как экономическая категория) |
occupation |
род занятий. Это слово используется в |
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официальных ситуациях, например, при за- |
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полнении бланка, анкеты. |
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trade |
профессия, ремесло. Часто употребляется |
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выражение by trade - по профессии. He is a |
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plumber by trade. – Он по профессии водопро- |
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водчик. |
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profession |
профессия (например, юрист). Чтобы по- |
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лучить профессию, надо иметь специальное |
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или высшее образование. Это слово можно |
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встретить в выражении by profession - по |
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профессии, например: Sam is a lawyer by pro- |
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fession. – Сэм по профессии юрист. |
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карьера. Обозначает успех в деятельности |
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career |
и продвижение по службе. Также употребля- |
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ется в значении “работа”, когда говорится о |
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выборе работы. Choosing a career – выбор ра- |
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боты (будущей специальности, профессии) |
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position |
должность |
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to apply for a job |
подавать заявление о приеме на работу |
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to make an application |
подать заявление |
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to make an appointment |
назначать встречу |
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to advertise for |
рекламировать, помещать объявление |
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to hire |
нанимать, приглашать на работу |
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to employ |
предоставлять работу; нанимать |
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employee |
служащий; работающий по найму |
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unemployment |
безработица |
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unemployed |
безработный |
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employer |
наниматель, работодатель |
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promotion |
продвижение по службе; повышение в звании |
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curriculum vitae (CV) |
краткая биография, резюме |
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vacancy |
вакансия, свободное (рабочее) место |
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to accept |
принимать (кого-л. куда-л.) |
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to take up |
занимать (место) |
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to undertake a responsible post |
занимать ответственный пост |
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What are you by profession |
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(by trade)? |
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What post do you hold? |
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What business are you in? |
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What's your line? |
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B. |
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at a factory / plant |
на заводе/ фабрике |
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at a firm / company |
на фирме/ в компании |
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at a farm |
на ферме |
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at a workshop |
в мастерской, цехе |
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at a high school |
в средней школе |
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at the police |
в полиции |
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in an office |
в офисе |
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in a shop |
в магазине |
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in a bank |
в банке |
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in an assembling department |
в сборочном цеху |
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in a hospital |
в больнице |
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at a travel agency |
в бюро путешествий |
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-Where do you work? |
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– I work at a candy factory./ |
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I work for Philips. |
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C. |
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work shift-work |
работать по сменам |
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to be on flexi-time |
иметь гибкий график работы |
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to work longer (shorter) hours |
иметь удлинённый (сокращённый) рабочий |
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день |
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to be on / take sick leave |
быть на больничном/ брать отпуск по болезни |
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to turn down |
отклонять, отвергать (напр. предложение) |
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to reject |
отказываться (принять) |
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to leave, v (job, position) |
бросать (работу, должность) |
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to work half /part / full time |
работать неполный/ полный день |
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to work nine-to-five |
работать с 9 до 5 |
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to get off |
увольняться |
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to fire (out) |
увольнять |
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to be out of work |
быть без работы |
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to get the sack |
быть уволенным |
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to be made redundant |
быть уволенным по сокращению штатов |
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to retire |
уходить в отставку, на пенсию |
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D. |
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? |
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salary |
зарплата служащего |
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wage |
зарплата рабочего |
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fee |
вознаграждение, гонорар творческого работ- |
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ника |
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payment |
оплата, вознаграждение |
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income |
доход, заработок |
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fair salary |
достойная зарплата |
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rate of pay |
ставка оплаты |
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profit |
прибыль, доход |
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benefit |
пенсия, (страховое) пособие |
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fringe benefits |
дополнительные льготы (выплаты) |
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to earn money (one's living) |
зарабатывать деньги (на жизнь) |
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to make/ do money |
зарабатывать деньги |
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