- •Unit III
- •Grammar The Present Indefinite Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Write the 3. Person singular of the following verbs.
- •2. Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the form of the Present Indefinite Tense. Then make them negative and interrogative. Some of the verbs can be used several times:
- •3. Open the brackets, put the verbs into the correct form, the Present Indefinite Tense. Translate these sentences.
- •4. Read and translate. Put questions to the words in bold.
- •5. Read and translate. Match a line in a with a line in b to make sentences.
- •6. A) Read and translate. Fill in the gaps with the verbs given below:
- •7. Translate into Russian.
- •Конструкция there is / are
- •Grammar exercises
- •8. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the usage of the construction there is / are.
- •9. Put in there is / there isn’t / is there? / there are / there aren’t / are there?
- •10. Put in there or it.
- •11. Translate into English.
- •The Indefinite Pronouns: some, any, every, no and their derivatives
- •Grammar exercises
- •12. Read, translate and explain the usage of the Indefinite Pronouns.
- •13. Choose the write variant: somebody / everybody / anything / somewhere / anybody, etc. Translate into Russian.
- •14. Translate into English.
- •Propositions of movement, place, time
- •Grammar exercises
- •15. Fill in the gaps in this paragraph with the prepositions in, on, at or to.
- •16. Put in the right preposition if necessary.
- •17. Read and translate. Pay attention to the usage of the prepositions.
- •18. Find in exercise 16 the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •19. Read the text about geysers once more. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •20. Translate into English.
- •Pre-text exercises
- •21. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •22. Translate the following derivative words:
- •24. Translate into Russian the following phrases:
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •27. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •28. Choose among the words the one that corresponds to the text above to complete the sentences:
- •29. Translate the following sentences into English using a dictionary:
- •30. Find in the text the situations in which the following word combinations are used:
- •36. Listen to the conversation again. What synonymic words or expressions are used in the dialogue instead of those given in italics:
- •37. Give Russian equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •38. Match the English word combinations in the left-hand column with the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column:
- •39. Listen to the dialogue “Shopping”.
- •40. Decide which of the following statements are true and which are false. Correct the false ones.
Unit III
Read the words correctly, pay attention to the rules of reading: wrong, lecture, election, mission, emission, measure, knight, corrosion, lock, nation, pleasure, bomb, future, limb, pollution, hymn, erosion, clock, function, treasure, session.
Grammar The Present Indefinite Tense
Настоящее неопределённое время (the Present Indefinite Tense) употребляется для обозначения обычных, регулярно повторяющихся или постоянных действий, которые происходят в настоящее время, но они не привязаны к моменту речи, например:
The lectures at the Institute begin at 9 o'clock. Лекции в институте начинаются в 9 часов. The Earth goes around the Sun. Земля вращается вокруг Солнца.
С глаголами в Present Indefinite Tense часто употребляются такие наречия, как always всегда, often часто, seldom редко, usually обычно, never никогда, sometimes иногда, every day каждый день и т.д.
The Present Indefinite Tense употребляется также для обозначения будущих действий, когда речь идет о расписаниях, программах и т.д.:
The football game starts at 2.00. Футбольный матч начинается в 2.00.
Tomorrow is Friday. Завтра пятница.
Утвердительная форма образуется от инфинитива (неопределенной формы) глагола без частицы to (V). В 3-м лице единственного числа прибавляется окончание –s или –es (V-s). Правила прибавления суффикса -s (-es) к основе глагола полностью совпадают с правилами прибавления суффикса -s (-es) множественного числа к основе существительного. Например:
I live at home. Я живу дома. He lives in a hostel. Он живет в общежитии.
Вопросительная и отрицательная формы образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола to do в настоящем времени, который в 3-м лице единственного числа имеет форму does, и инфинитива смыслового глагола без частицы to.
|
positive |
negative |
interrogative |
|
I (you/we/they) work |
I (you/we/they) do not work |
Do I (you/we/they) work? |
|
He (she/it) works |
He (she/it) does not work |
Does he (she/it) work? |
Примеры образования специальных и разделительных вопросов:
Where do I work? Where does he work?
Who works at a factory? (вопрос к подлежащему образуется без вспомогательного глагола to do)
He works in an office, doesn’t he?
Краткие ответы строятся следующим образом:
Do you study at the Institute? – Yes, I do. No, I do not (No, I don't).
Does your friend study at the Institute? – Yes, he does. No, he does not. (No, he doesn't.)
Grammar exercises
1. Write the 3. Person singular of the following verbs.
want lose fly do
read catch buy go
eat watch study
think krash carry
2. Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the form of the Present Indefinite Tense. Then make them negative and interrogative. Some of the verbs can be used several times:
|
to receive to take to be to leave to send to study to take to work to spend to supply to get |
1.The Olympic Games …. place once in four years. 2. I’m a student. I … programming at a technical school. 3. These students … all their money on books. 4. I …. letters to many other companies. 5. They usually … in the main office. 6. Your plane … in an hour's time. 7. Twice a year students … their exams. 8. The university campus … the students with all necessary facilities: lecture halls, laboratories, libraries and a conference hall, etc. 9. This student … new books from the library every week. 10. My parents always … their holidays at the seaside. 11. I ….. a scholarship. 12. It … you twenty minutes to get to university.