Grammar tasks:

3. Translate sentences, pay attention to the equivalents of modal verbs.

1. He was able to translate your text without a dictionary.

2. The engineer will be able to discuss this problem with you next week.

3. We shall be able to correct the program.

4. He was allowed to perform the operation.

5. They had to provide us with all necessary data.

6. These problems were to be considered together.

4. Check if you know the meaning of the following modal verbs and translate the sentences with them into Ukrainian.

1. We can readily rearrange the constituents of the system.

2. The system analyst must learn to distinguish between real problems and symptoms.

3. Important principles may and must be flexible.

4. You may ask many questions to the author of the book.

5. There must be an answer to the question.

6. Duty is the most sublime word in our language.

5. Write the following sentences in a form of questions.

1. The procedure will be followed in our work. (Tag-question)

2. Several students in our class study German. (Subject question)

3. They know about the results of the experiment. (Tag-question)

4. We regard these views to be self-evident. (Subject question)

5. The authors are working on a project involving design. (Subject question)

6. Such a situation is impossible. (Tag-question)

6. Write the following numerals in English and read them.

Cardinal number: 8; 12; 13; 15; 40; 82; 111; 751; 1920; 1945; 2005;

Ordinal numerals: перший, дев’яностий, сто п’ятий, тринадцятий, другий, двадцять перший.

Vocabulary tasks:

7. Answer the following questions to the text.

1. Where do we use the Ohm’s law?

2. What rule can we use for complicated circuits?

3. What does Kirchhoff’s current law state?

4. What does Kirchhoff’s junction rule state?

5. What two possible directions exist in the network?

8. Are the following statements about the text true or false?

1. We cannot find the currents flowing in each part of the circuits simply by combining resistances.

2. G. R. Kirchhoff invented Kirchhoff’s rules in the twenty first century.

3. The junction rule is based on the conservation of charge.

4. The loop rule is based on the conservation of time.

5. In a network only one direction is possible.

9. Match the first part of the sentence (1 –6) with the second part (a-f).

1. This technique can be used

2. Sometimes a circuit is

3. This is also known as

4. The sum of the changes in potential around any closed path

5. The sum of the potential differences

6. If clockwise is considered positive

a Kirchhoff’s current law.

b then anticlockwise becomes automatically negative.

c for many circuits.

d of a circuit must be zero.

e too complicated for this analysis.

f across all elements is zero.

10. Complete the sentences with words from the box.

current (2x) - roller coaster - parallel – sum - junction (2x)

1. He derived the rule for … resistors.

2. A … has a particular potential energy.

3. The algebraic … of all the currents meeting at a point is zero.

4. The current flowing into a … must equal to the current flowing out of the ….

5. … can be calculated using Kirchhoff’s rules.

6. If device is disconnected, the … is stopped.

Speaking task:

11. Match the icons (a-h) with the words (1-8). Describe each shape.

circle	square
diagonal	triangle
oval	vertical
rectangle	hexagon

UNIT FIVE

Grammar:

1. Passive Voice (Present, Past). Пасивний стан.

2. Modifiers – some, any, few, little (Неозначені та кількісні займенники).

3. Word Formation (Словотвір).

Reading tasks:

1. Read the words, pay attention to the different types of syllables.

Літера	Відкритий склад	Закритий склад	голосна + r	голосна + re	Пояснення
U u	[ju:] cute [kju:t] розумний	[Λ] cut [kΛt] різати	[∂:] fur [f∂:] хутро	[ju∂:] cure [k ju∂:] дбайливе ставлення

Приголосні літери	Звуки, які вони утворюють в залежності від поєднання з іншими літерами	Приклади
T t	[t] – т – незалежно від розташування в слові [Θ] – (без голоса) схожий на с – у сполученнях th, щоб отримати звук, потрібно створити щілину між переднім краєм язика і верхніми зубами [ð] – (з голосом) схожий на з - щоб отримати звук – потрібно створити щілину між переднім краєм язика і верхніми зубами	travel – подорож thanks - дякую father - батько