TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION At the job interview What questions do you think an interviewer and applicant could ask at a job interview? Write down three of the interviewer’s and three of the applicant’s questions.

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION Industry of Ukraine Imagine that you are making a presentation at the International Conference in London. Give 5 minute report on industrial development in Ukraine.

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION My research work You are telling your fellow-students what scientific research you are now working at. Much of researches still remain undone but your time is up because you have to make a report in 2 weeks. Share your concern with your fellow-students and tell them about your plans in the nearest future.

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION Participation in Scientific Conference: Science of Ukraine You have received an invitation to an International Conference “Innovations in Ukrainian Science and Engineering”. Give a five-minute report on “Science in Ukraine: past, present and future”.

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION Kyiv Polytechnic Institute They say that KPI is the cradle of enquiring minds in science and engineering. Do you agree with that?

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION My speciality Why did you choose the speciality of electrical engineer?

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION Using Computers We cannot imagine our life without computers. Is it true?

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION English Language in My Life You take part in the International Conference dedicated to ‘European Language year”. Inform your colleagues about it.

TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION Ecological Problems of Today You take part in an International Conference. Make a report about the ecological problems in Ukraine and all around the world.

At the job interview

What questions do you think an interviewer and applicant could ask at a job interview?

Write down three of the interviewer’s and three of the applicant’s questions.

Interviewer questions:

1. Can you tell me a little about yourself?

I am punctual, dependable and can be counted upon to finish what I start. I get a great deal of satisfaction from knowing that I have done something well and on time. For example, at my present job, I was given different work orders every day. It was my responsibility to finish the orders and make sure they all met quality and safety standards within a specific deadline. On occasion, I had to familiarize myself with the product and the production process. I was always able to learn quickly and carry out my job responsibilities. Our company was known for making excellent processed food products. In 1990, it received an award for being on of Canada's top companies in the field. I feel I can use the same skills and hard work to do well on this job too.

2. How do you react to instruction and criticism?

I appreciate getting instruction and criticism when it is done fairly and constructively.

3. How well do you work under pressure or tight deadlines?

How you handled large rush orders at your last workplace.

How you prepared for exams and homework assignments while working full-time and attending school part-time.

How you managed a crisis situation. (For example: a car accident)

Applicant:

1. Can you please show me some examples of projects that I’d be working on?

2. What specific qualities and skills are you looking for in the job candidate?

3. What does a typical day or week look like for the person in this position?  Is there travel, flextime, etc?

4. What particular achievements would equate to success at this job? What would success look like?

5. Are you most interested in a candidate who works independently, on a team, cross-functionally, or through a combination of them all? Can you give me an example?

10. Industry of Ukraine

Imagine that you are making a presentation at the International Conference in London. Give 5 minute report on industrial development in Ukraine.

Ukraine is relatively rich in natural resources, particularly in mineral deposits. Although oil and natural gas reserves in the country are largely exhausted, it has other important energy sources, such as coal, hydroelectricity and nuclear fuel raw materials. In Ukraine covering about 20 major industries, namely power generating, fuel, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical and gas, machine-building and metal-working, forest, wood-working and wood pulp and paper, construction materials, light, food and others.^[32] Industry accounted for 26% of GDP in 2012. The country possesses a massive high-tech industrial base, including electronics, arms industry and space program.

Ukraine is one of the world's most important mineral producing countries, in terms of both the range and size of its reserves. There are nearly 8,000 separate deposits, harboring some 90 different minerals, of which about 20 are economically significant. About half of all the known deposits are under exploitation. Coal reserves in Ukraine amount to 47.1 billion tons.

Ukraine has a major ferrous metal industry, producing cast iron, steel and pipes. Among its economy leading companies in that field areMetinvest, Kryvorizhstal, AzovStal, Ilyich Steel & Iron Works, and others. As of 2012, Ukraine is the world's tenth largest steel producer(according to World Steel Association).

Chemical industry[edit]

Another important branch is the country's chemical industry which includes the production of coke, mineral fertilizers and sulfuric acid. Chemical industry is one of the principal sectors of the Ukrainian economy. It has more than 200 associations and enterprises, producing thousands of major and auxiliary chemical products. The chemical industry is a large consumer of oil, natural gas and electricity that are widely used as an energy and feedstock input. Unfortunately, Ukraine does not have enough energy resources and therefore has to import oil and natural gas from Russia and Central Asia.

Cost of natural gas constitutes circa 70% of ammonia and nitrogen fertilizers cost. In addition, oil and natural gas constitute almost two thirds of petrochemical manufacturing costs. Therefore, increases in prices of energy resources have significant impact on the chemical industry.

Fertilizer production in Ukraine is represented by nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers. The basis of Ukrainian chemical industry is nitrogen companies that produce ammonia and mineral fertilizers. The production of nitrogenous fertilizers is based on ammonia as a raw stock, which in turn is produced of natural gas. Unfortunately, Ukrainian proven natural gas reserves are limited and it is exported mainly from Russia and Central Asia.

After Ukrainian nitrogen enterprises consolidated their assets (4 out of 6 fertilizers producers in Ukraine are owned by Dmytro Firtash’s DF Group), they managed to increase their production from 20% of capacity to 110%, and were able to recapture 30% of the domestic market from Russian competitors.

Other chemical production in Ukraine includes: pharmaceutical production, production of soap, washing and surface-active organic matters, paint and varnish materials production, production of photo and cinema articles, tires, etc.

Considerable structural changes are thought to be under way in the chemical industry. State-owned enterprises represent less than one-fifth of the total number of chemical industry enterprises manufacturing about one-third of the products. The remaining enterprises are in collective ownership, with open and closed joint-stock companies being the predominant form. The competition in the chemical industry of Ukraine is not high, as chemical production is much diversified and companies specialize on different types of products.

The chemical industry in Ukraine is mostly oriented at industrial consumers, the agricultural segment, and export shipments. Ukrainian chemicals get the widest demand from farmers and processors of agricultural produce, which buy fertilizers, plant protecting agents, as well as polymer packing. Also, Ukrainian-made chemicals are used as semi-products in metallurgy, light and textile industries, and pharmaceutical business. There is a small volume of demand for Ukrainian chemicals by the public, since the country does not have a sufficient level of chemical processing.

Strategic and defense complex[edit]

Ukraine's defense industry is organized around Ukroboronprom, a state owned conglomerate of over 130 companies. These companies include Soviet era giants such as Ivchenko-Progress aircraft design bureau that was opened in 1945, to newer companies such as RPC Fort which came into existence in the 1990s. Ukraine is also among the top 10 arms exporters in the world. The signing of recent large contracts may put Ukraine into 6th place among biggest arms traders, after the United States, Russian Federation, France, Germany and Israel.^[33]