- •III level – Intermediate
- •Сivil engineer’s work
- •How do you use the Internet?
- •The Renaissance
- •Ancient Egyptians houses
- •Extreme scientist: Randy White
- •First steps in planning the House
- •Water vapor – the most essential greenhouse gas
- •How to manage the managers
- •The Baroque
- •Education in Kazakhstan
- •Answer the questions
- •Education in the usa
- •Answer the questions
- •III level – Intermediate listening
- •1. Skills of understanding the text (volume 700 – 900 p. S.) and filling in test – 8 % (4 min.) (1.6 % for right answer).
- •2. Skills of answering the questions according to the listened text – 8 % (2 min.) (1.6 % for right answer).
- •2. Skills of answering the questions according to the text– 4 % (3 min.) (1 % for right answer).
- •3. Skills of translating the text with dictionary - 4 % (10 min.).
- •Ancient Egyptians houses
- •Writing
- •1. Skills of writing the complicated form of resume (сv) – 2 % (2 min.) (0.2 % for right answer).
- •Curriculum vitae (cv)
- •2. Skills of writing complicated dictionary– 2 % (4 min.) (0.4 % for right answer).
- •3. Skills of writing the autobiography– 2 % (4 min.) (10 sentences).
- •Итого по III уровню: 41 – 60%.
Water vapor – the most essential greenhouse gas
Ninety – nine percent of our atmosphere is made up of two gases: nitrogen and oxygen. Though these gases play a vital role in complex cycles that support life on earth, they play almost no direct role in regulating the climate. The job of climate regulation falls to the remaining 1 percent of the atmosphere, heat – trapping greenhouse gases, which include water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbons, and ozone. The most crucial greenhouse gas – water vapor – is not usually thought of as a gas at al, since we are used to thinking of water in its liquid form. Yet, each molecule of water vapor in the atmosphere is packed with heat energy.
For example, when vapor in a cloud cools and condenses, heat is released, causing powerful convection currents. The dynamic movement of water vapor in our atmosphere plays a critical and complex role in determining both weather and climate.
Теxt 8
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Nature
Since ancient times Nature was the source of people’s life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and they thought that natural riches were unlimited. The development of civilization increased man’s harmful interference in nature. Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises pollute the air we breathe and the water we drink. Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Beautiful old forests disappear forever. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of lakes and rivers dry up. The pollution of air and destruction of the ozone layer are the results of man’s attitude towards Nature. The protection of the environment is a universal concern. We must be very active to create a serious system of ecological security.
Теxt 9
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How to manage the managers
The Law on Enterprise recently enacted by the Government must help create a relationship when a factory manager and his work collective become partners. Management and employees must be equally interested in the fruits of their labor. In a result-oriented management the key thing is not to issue instructions but to get results. That is why a manager's pay should be linked to the performance of the enterprise where he works. If a factory produces more, a manager's pay should increase. If the production plan is not met, then a manager must be penalized along with the workers he supervises. About 40 or 50 per cent of a manager's monthly pay should depend on the end result of the enterprise. If the result is poor and a manager doesn't get the full pay for a few months running he must leave his office. New people should come instead. It'll be a natural selection of a managerial staff when people with better knowledge more expertise and truly original thinking will come to management.
Теxt 10
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