The International Convention on control of persistent organic pollutants is:

• Stockholm convention

• Montreal protocol

• Convention on Biodiversity

• Kyoto protocol

• Convention on Combat Desertification

The International basic document about greenhouse gases control is:

• Kyoto protocol

• Convention on Biodiversity

• Montreal protocol

• Stockholm convention on control of persistent organic pollutants

• Convention on Combat Desertification

The International basic document about ozone layer safety is:

• Montreal protocol

• Convention on Biodiversity

• Kyoto protocol

• Stockholm convention on control of persistent organic pollutants

• Convention on Combat Desertification

The basic national current document about environment safety of Kazakhstan

• Concept of Ecological Security of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2004-2015

• Concept of Transition to Sustainable Development of RK for 2007-2024

• Convention on Biological Diversity

• Montreal and Kyoto Protocols

• Documents of Earth Summits in Rio-de-Janeiro and Johannesburg

The basic nature protection law of Kazakhstan is:

• Ecological Code

• Convention on Combat Desertification

• Water Code

• On Special Protected Territories

• Forest Code

Sustainable use of natural resources means that they should be:

• ensured the durability of them for future generations

• all replaced by genetically modified products

• distributed equally between nations

• controlled by environmental legacy

• used at a higher rate

The primary body responsible for nature protection in Kazakhstan is:

• Ministry of Environment Protection

• Ministry of Agriculture

• Ecological Union "Tabigat"

• Society of Nature Protection

• Ecological Movement "Nevada-Semipalatinsk"

Term "Sustainable development" referred to ecology was first introduced at:

• Earth Declaration on environment and development, Rio-de-Janeiro, 1992

• Earth Summit Declaration on sustainable development, Johannesburg, 2002

• Conference on global environment monitoring system, Stockholm, 1972

• Conference on Ozone layer protection, Vienna, 1985

• Conference on International Trade in Endangered Species, Washington, 1973

The organic part of the soil that helps it to retain its moisture and nutrients is:

• humus

• detritus

• organic fertilizers

• topsoil

• microorganisms

Erosion is the loss of soil that results from:

• abiotic factors

• recycling

• reforestation

• contour plowing

• proper grazing

The natural reason of desertification is:

• wind and water erosion

• wood cutting and logging

• over-pasture and road construction

• mining industry and weapon tests

• careless irrigation

The main anthropogenic cause of desertification is:

• excessive livestock grazing

• uneven distribution of precipitation

• high level of solar radiation

• weak vegetation

• lack of water supply

Percentage of Kazakhstan’s soil that is undergone to desertification:

• about 70%

• about 30%

• about 40%

• about 50%

• about 60%

Indicate the name of Kazakhstan’s national park:

• Altyn Emel

• Kurgaldzhino

• Alakol

• Markakol

• Naurzum

Indicate the name of Kazakhstan’s reserve among the following list:

• Aksu Jabagly

• Altyn Emel

• Ile-Alatau

• Kokshetau

• Burabay

The numbers of plants and animals species included in the Red Data Book of Kazakhstan are:

• 404 and 309, respectively

• 504 and 409, respectively

• 304 and 209, respectively

• 309 and 404, respectively

• 204 and 109, respectively

A special protected territory that is completely removed from an economical use is:

• zapovednik

• natural heritage

• national park

• biosphere reservate

• botanical garden

The main reason of Aral Sea catastrophe is:

• careless use of water for irrigation

• a natural disaster

• land degradation caused by the Amu-Darya and Syr-Darya rivers flood

• over-fishing

• water pollution

Ecological footprint (of a country or each person) is:

• the average amount of productive land and ocean needed to supply with food, energy, water, housing, transportation, and waste disposal

• the average for each country total value of all life quality indices

• the quality of satisfaction with material and cultural human needs

• the cost of all goods and services, produced in a country for a given year

• the level of welfare of a country and its citizens

The largest landscape zone of Kazakhstan is:

• desert

• forest

• steppe

• mountains

• grassland

External cost is:

• harmful environmental or social cost borne by people not directly involved in buying or selling a product

• the cost of environment friendly equipment and technologies

• the cost of all goods and services, produced in a country per year

• a measure of the total income of nation’s goods and services for a given year

• earth’s resources and processes that sustain living organisms, including humans

Industries can help to mitigate problems with water supply by:

• recycling water during industrial operations

• marsh drying

• dam construction

• releasing of farmer run-off

• releasing of detergents to the domestic water system

The main source of water pollution is:

• petrochemical industry

• hydroelectric power station

• dam construction

• fishing

• thermal pollution

Eutrophication of water is accompanied with:

• intensive algae propagation

• thermal water pollution

• bioaccumulation of heavy metals

• water erosion of soil

• biomagnification

The average renewal rate of rivers is:

• about 12-17 days

• about 17 years

• about 24 hours

• about 1400 years

• nonrenewable

The amount of the earth’s water supply available to land organisms is:

• less than 1%

• about 10%

• more than 50%

• about 5%

• about 3%

The world amount of fresh water is:

• about 3%

• about 1%

• about 5%

• about 10%

• about 70%

Land area of the Earth occupied by the rain forest is:

• about 5%

• about 25%

• about 10%

• about 50%

• about 60%

Land area of the Earth occupied by the forest (including tropical, moderate, boreal) is:

• about 25%

• about 5%

• about 10%

• about 50%

• about 60%