- •101. Camping
- •102. Special Uses of Devoir
- •104. Medicine & Hospital
- •105. Present Participle
- •107. Past Infinitive
- •108. In the Ocean
- •111. Possessive Pronouns
- •112. Simple Past Tense
- •113. Make-Believe & Fantasy
- •114. Religion
- •115. Music & Art
- •The past participles are acquis and résolu, and both verbs are conjugated with avoir.
- •118. Translating Phrasal Verbs: English to French
- •119. Other Translation Difficulties: English to French
- •120. Quebecois French
- •Differences in pronunciation:
- •Some examples of Anglicisms used in Quebec:
111. Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns replace nouns used with possessive adjectives. They agree in gender and number with noun they replace as well.
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Singular |
Plural |
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Masc. |
Fem. |
Masc. |
Fem. |
mine |
le mien |
la mienne |
les miens |
les miennes |
yours |
le tien |
la tienne |
les tiens |
les tiennes |
his/hers/its |
le sien |
la sienne |
les siens |
les siennes |
ours |
le nôtre |
la nôtre |
les nôtres |
les nôtres |
yours |
le vôtre |
la vôtre |
les vôtres |
les vôtres |
theirs |
le leur |
la leur |
les leurs |
les leurs |
C'est ma pomme. Voilà la tienne. That's my apple. Here's yours. Il a son sac. Elle a le sien. He has his bag. She has hers. C'est le mien, pas le tien ! That's mine, not yours! Ils aiment leur voiture. Nous aimons la nôtre. They like their car. We like ours.
112. Simple Past Tense
The simple past tense is used in works of literature in place of the passé composé and is very rarely spoken. You most likely will never need to form this tense, but you should be able to recognize it for reading purposes. Add the following endings to the stem:
-er |
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-ir / -re |
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-ai |
-âmes |
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-is |
-îmes |
-as |
-âtes |
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-is |
-îtes |
-a |
-èrent |
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-it |
-irent |
Irregular verbs that follow a pattern: Some verbs use their past participle as a stem, and then add endings for the simple past. In this case, the six endings are -s, -s, -t, -^mes, -^tes, -rent.
avoir |
croire |
lire |
dire |
dormir |
devoir |
recevoir |
vivre |
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eus |
eûmes |
crus |
crûmes |
lus |
lûmes |
dis |
dîmes |
dormis |
dormîmes |
dus |
dûmes |
reçus |
reçûmes |
vécus |
vécûmes |
eus |
eûtes |
crus |
crûtes |
lus |
lûtes |
dis |
dîtes |
dormis |
dormîtes |
dus |
dûtes |
reçus |
reçûtes |
vécus |
vécûtes |
eut |
eurent |
crut |
crurent |
lut |
lurent |
dit |
dirent |
dormit |
dormirent |
dut |
durent |
reçut |
reçurent |
vécut |
vécurent |
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prendre |
sortir |
vouloir |
mettre |
connaître |
savoir |
pouvoir |
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pris |
prîmes |
sortis |
sortîmes |
voulus |
voulûmes |
mis |
mîmes |
connus |
connûmes |
sus |
sûmes |
pus |
pûmes |
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pris |
prîtes |
sortis |
sortîtes |
voulus |
voulûtes |
mis |
mîtes |
connus |
connûtes |
sus |
sûtes |
pus |
pûtes |
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prit |
prirent |
sortit |
sortirent |
voulut |
voulurent |
mit |
mirent |
connut |
connurent |
sut |
surent |
put |
purent |
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Other verbs do not use their past participles as stems (but they still take the same endings), so you should memorize these forms.
être |
faire |
écrire |
venir |
voir |
conduire |
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fus |
fûmes |
fis |
fîmes |
écrivis |
écrivîmes |
vins |
vînmes |
vis |
vîmes |
conduisis |
conduisîmes |
fus |
fûtes |
fis |
fîtes |
écrivis |
écrivîtes |
vins |
vîntes |
vis |
vîtes |
conduisis |
conduisîtes |
fut |
furent |
fit |
firent |
écrivit |
écrivirent |
vint |
vinrent |
vit |
virent |
conduisit |
conduisirent |
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mourir |
naître |
ouvrir |
craindre |
battre |
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mourus |
mourûmes |
naquis |
naquîmes |
ouvris |
ouvrîmes |
craignis |
craignîmes |
battis |
battîmes |
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mourus |
mourûtes |
naquis |
naquîtes |
ouvris |
ouvrîtes |
craignis |
craignîtes |
battis |
battîtes |
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mourut |
moururent |
naquit |
naquirent |
ouvrit |
ouvrirent |
craignit |
craignirent |
battit |
battirent |
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