Ministry of education and science of ukraine

Kyiv National Linguistic University

Interpreters’/Translators’ Department

Chair of the English Philology

TERM PAPER

FIGURES OF SPEECH IN CULMINATION SCENES OF HORROR NOVELS AND STORIES BASED UPON THE NEIL GAIMAN’S “BABY CAKES” AND NANCY HOLDER’S “BLOODY GOTHIC”

Julia Kesaieva

Group 409

Academic Supervisor

Lecturer Y.R. Markova

Kyiv 2013

МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ, МОЛОДІ ТА СПОРТУ УКРАЇНИ

Київський національний лінгвістичний університет

Кафедра англійської філології факультету перекладачів

Представлено на кафедру__________________________

(дата, підпис секретаря кафедри)

Рецензування ___________________________________

___________________________________

(кількість балів, «до захисту» («на доопрацювання»),

дата, підпис керівника курсової роботи)

Захист __

(кількість балів, дата, підпис викладача)

Підсумкова оцінка______________________________

______________________________

(кількість балів, оцінка за 4-х бальною

системою, дата, підпис викладача)

КУРСОВА РОБОТА

З ПЕРШОЇ ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ (АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ)

тема: „ СТИЛІСТИЧНІ ПРИЙОМИ ТА ЗАСОБИ В КУЛЬМІНАЦІЙНИХ СЦЕНАХ РОМАНІВ ТА ОПОВІДАНЬ «ЖАХІВ» (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ТВОРІВ НЕНСІ ХОЛЬДЕР «КРИВАВА ГОТИКА», НІЛ ГЕЙМАН «НЕМОВЛЯТА»)”

Студент(ка) групи ___409_______

__Кесаєвої_Юлії_Олександрівни

(прізвище, ім’я, по батькові)

Керівник курсової роботи__________

(підпис)

_викладач Маркова Юлія Русланівна

(прізвище, ім’я, по батькові, вчений ступінь,

звання, посада)

Київ - 2013

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………..................... 4

CHAPTER 1. HORROR NOVEL AND STORIES AS A LITERARY GENRE…. 6

1.1. Genre origin and development ………………….........………………………. 6

1.2.The characteristic features and types of horror novels and stories …..………. 8

1.3 General characteristics of figures of speech in the English language ………11

CHAPTER 2. EXPRESSIVE MEANS AND STYLISTIC DEVICES IN CULMINATION SCENES OF HORROR TALES ………….…………………… 19

2.1. A variety of expressive means and stylistic devices in the Nancy Holder’s tale “Bloody Gothic” ……………… . . . . . . . .. . . . …………………………………... 19

2.2. Syntactical expressive means and stylistic devices as dominating in Neil Gaiman’s horror comics-tale “Baby Cakes” ……………………………….……… 24

Conclusions …………………………………………………………………… 28 bibliogrphy ……………………………………………………………………. 30

LIST OF REFERENCE SOURCES …………………………………………….. 31

LIST OF DATA SOURCES ………………………………………...………….. 31

РЕЗЮМЕ ……………………………………………………………………….. 32

Introduction

Horror fiction is intent to evoke the most ancient and the strongest among the human feelings – the feeling of fear. It is well-known, that the oldest and the strongest fear of humankind is the fear of unknown. Horror fiction appears first in fairy tales and myths, however it becomes extremely popular with the development of the gothic novel in Middle Ages. With the time the people’s notion of scary has changed as with the development of civilization a lot of things that used to be unknown previously have revealed. Therefore the main horrifying element was being changing with the transformation of concept of scary. Modern horror stories and novels differ from those of past times by the number of topics and themes embraced, the image of a main character and methods of horrifying a reader.

There are a lot of works of outstanding scholars who studied horror fiction and it’s peculiarities. Lovecraft was one of the first scholars who defined the notion about horror fiction; Carrol investigated horror as a school of thought; Robbinson introduces us in his works peculiarities of horror fiction used by authors to achieve a terrifying effect on a reader; Hills shows us horror fiction from an aesthetic sight; Chameiev and Sapko tell us about development and traditions of horror and show us horror fiction as a very special art. Of course there are many others Ukrainian and foreign esteemed scholars who have being studying this topic.

Although it’s pretty a tough task to arouse readers’ feeling of fear, some of the writers manage to complete this task easily and successfully. So I find it expedient to examine culmination scenes of the horror stories and define stylistic devices used by an author intending to create mysterious and terrifying atmosphere. This issue was being worked on by Galperin, Zabotkina, Rylskyi, Ivanova, etc.

Rationale of this research is specified in necessity of definition figures of speech used in horror fiction. Therefore, it is very important to ascertain stylistic devices and expressive means that form figurativeness and expressiveness in this type of fiction.

Aim of research is studying horror novels and stories, their genre peculiarities and figures of speech that create a very special mysterious and horrifying atmosphere. To gain this aim we need to attain following objectives:

• to study the development of horror fiction as a genre and to trace the changes of the main horrifying element in a horror tale

• to investigate a variety of kinds of horror tales

• to research different ways of perception of horror

• to research figures of speech used in horror tales based upon the horror stories “Baby Cakes” by Neil Gaiman and “Bloody Gothic” by Nancy Holder.

The subject of this paper is figures of speech (expressive means and stylistic devices) used in horror tales.

The object of this research is horror fiction represented by such the data sources as the horror stories of Nancy Holder and Neil Gaiman – “Bloody Gothic” and “Baby Cakes” correspondingly.

Methods used to achieve the aim of this research can be noted as usage of previous theoretical and practical experience, analysis of literature sources on the theme, observations, comparisons etc., described in two chapters of this work.

Practical value of this research lies in giving a clear view of the methods the author uses to scare a reader. This can help in literature analysis of horror fiction as a genre, which will be useful for further essay writings or some investigations in this topic.

The organization of the paper consists of introduction, chapter I, chapter II, conclusions, bibliography, list of reference sources and list of data sources.