Цибка 2

1.main categories of a literary text

• integration (unification of all parts for achieving wholeness)

• conceptuality (organization of a text around a certain idea)

• implicitness (conceptualized as subtext)

• discreteness (formation from distinct parts)

• personality / impersonality (interaction between the author’s and readers images)

• addressee-orientation

Integration: cohesion

Coherence

The text as a unity is made up of such components

• the message (idea / concept);

• the theme (thematic planes);

• the author's image, (the narrator and narrative, the dominant point of view, forms of presentation);

• the image of the reader;

• characters and non-human images;

• the compositional and genre unity (the settings, conflict, plot lines and turns, text partitioning);

• the tonal system (usage of language, expressive means and stylistic devices, specific stylistic effects and the atmosphere).

Theme (Gr. thema "something that lies in the foundation") is the general content of a text presented in condensed way. The theme can be understood as the represented aspect of life, which the story illustrates.

Message is defined as an inference to be drawn from the theme or a problem to be pondered as a result of reading the text. WHAT PROBLEM(S) DOES THE TEXT POSE?

Discreteness:

1)Text partitioning (apxiтектоніка)

(a spatial arrangement of syntactical, graphical and logical units)

2) Text composition (a logical and aesthetic unity of plot elements)

PLOT STRUCTURE

• the exposition

• the beginning of the plot

• plot complications

• the climax (culmination)

• the denouement (resolution)

• the conclusion (ending)

The narrative (plot) structure

• simple (straight-line)

• inverted (with deviations from the usual compositional order)

• circular (closing event brings back to the beginning)

• frame (a plot with a subplot)

• complex (includes digressions (retardations, flashbacks and flash-forwards)

SUBTEXT

• Subtext is "a purely linguistic phenomenon inferred from the ability of sentences to engender additional sense" (I.R.Galperin).

• Subtext is implication of additional sense and emotional meaning (V.A.Kukharenko).

2.types of artistic(poetic) details

Artistic Detail

• condensed, laconic and very expressive representation in the text of a complicated, multifaceted phenomenon, fact or idea;

• important element to be taken into account when seeking out the message of a text;

• reproduces the implicit content and the author's attitude;

• create foregrounding a specialized usage of language means perceived as unusual, unexpected, or "deautomatized“;

Functional classification of artistic detail

• depicting details

• characterological details

• authenticity details

• implicit details (implications / implicates)

3.varieties of implicates

Types

• implicit title

• implication of precedence

• implicit detail

Degrees

Superficial

Trite

Local

Deep

Dark

-allusions

-reminiscences

-ethnoculteral implications

Reminiscence

1)direct

(quotations from literary works)

2) indirect (paraphrased quotations or their semantic and stylistic elements)