Учебное пособие ч.2 - 2008
.pdf5.." + %*%U o s !- % * &% )
! !" %U% $&% (" &% )
08 .0 < "- 8 ! 0 . F ! . .., , #0
.!# # / ! ! 0 " . !-
#2 ! .!# # " !- / ! 2 : . / 9 . #2 ! ! 0 0.
'#0 1 0 ! " . # 0 #
. 8 9 1 " . #
. ( . . 0 . # 0 SADT
(Structured Analysis and Design Teqnique - -
), ! .
. IDEF (Integration Definition). C !-
. 829 . ;:: " 2 # 2 .- # 0 #2 1 ! # . #-
.
5.1. ! IDEF
5.1.1. ! 7 6 / / IDEF
08 . . . IDEF .
# 98 :
IDEF0 - . # 0 : / #2 . #- 0 (. ; ! ; ! 0 - # 0 SADT). C ! . 829 #0 : 0 IDEF0, . 0 . ! ! " .
# . " . 0 : /. ( ! #, . # . IDEF0 0 #0 0 ! . ; ! . 0 #9" .;
IDEF1 – . # 0 .# 0 : . /-
! ., ! #098 0 " 2 - # 2 . 0 (0 #0 0 #2 1 .
. : 0 ! 0 : / #2 -
. SADT;
90
IDEF1X (IDEF1 Extended) – . # 0 ! 0 #0/ . IDEF1X 0 ! . #
«C 8 2-. 0 2» (ER – Entity-Relationship) , !-
#, ! #2 0 #0 . # 0 #0/ " -
, . 98 1 . . .;
IDEF2 – . # 0 . . # 0
0 .. 0 2. 2 . # 0.
# . . ; !
# 2, ! # 2 . . #2-
.; !. 08 .0 ! 9 #-
. .!29 # /, ! #098 ! 8 2 " .. IDEF0 . . #, ! " «1 » (CPN – Color Petri Nets);
IDEF3 – . # 0 . 0 ! /, ! 08 ., 0 ! #2 0, ! ., !
# # ! / ! ! 0 0. C ! . 829 IDEF3 ! 9 0 / ! # #2 2 ! / #0 ! /. IDEF3 . ! 0. 9 .- 0 2 . # IDEF0 – 0 : / 0 (: / #2-
"#) . " 2 ! # #2 !- / . IDEF3;
IDEF4 – . # 0 ! 0 "H-
.. C IDEF4 ! #09 #0
" 2 "H # ! / !
. 0, . . . ! #00 # 2 ! .-
2 # "H- .;
IDEF5 – . # 0 # # 0
# .. C ! . 829 . # IDEF5 # 0
. . " 2 ! ! ! . 8 ! # #-
0 . ! #, . " 2 : . 0 0 - . . . . . .. B -; : . 9 0 #2 1 . -
. ! 0 s ! . / 0.
91
C ! # 0 IDEF:
IDEF6 - ! #2 / #2 ! !-
0 (Design Rationale Capture Method).
IDEF8 - . # . (HumanSystem Interaction Design).
IDEF9 - # (Business Constraint Discovery).
IDEF14 - . # # #2 (Network Design).
5.1.2. ! IDEF0
IDEF0, " # " 1981 . "1 ! .. . / ! . 1# !- ! 0, 0 # " ICAM (Integrated Computer Aided Manufacturing). ! / ! -
# /, ! .. ICAM # # 2 "- . 29 " . # ! / -
. 0 ! . 1# .. ; . . # " # " ! 2 !! 9 " . . - #, ! . . # !- / #, 0 . !.
#2 ! 98 1 # 2
. # 0 : / #2 . # 0 IDEF0. - # 00 / 0 " # ! 8 " 1993 .
` IDEF0
. # IDEF0 # !-
0 0:
. 0 #0 0 ! 0 : / #2 "# (Activity Box). K / #2 "# : "- 0 ! 0. #2 ( . 5.1) # / 0 " -
9 9 : / 9 . . . - .. " 0. : /- #2 "# # " 2 : . # # #2 .
# (! ., «! 2 #», «!-
#»).
92
( 0 : / #2 "# .
s ! # (#2), ! ; .:
00 . «! #»
(Control);
k 0 . « » (Input);
0 . « » (Output);
B 00 . «.»
(Mechanism).
( : / #2 "# . - . . . # . 2 #2 - : / ..
&. 5.1. v3 4 1 6 1
. «.» . # IDEF0 0 #0 0 ! 0
: (Arrow). @ :
9 ! . # # .. : 0 - " ;# . ., " " 0 : /- #2 . "# . # # 0 : / 9,
" 9 . : / #2 . "#..
: . " . : 0 #0 0
! # 0 #. ( 0 : 0 #
93
. 2 #2 . (Arrow Label). "-
9 , . # " 2 " . 8-
#2.
C ! . 829 : " 9 #
"H, # ! ! #098 ! /, ! 08 .. @ . "H . . " 2 ;#-
. #2 . (#, , . .) # ! : . / (., , - / . .).
. , ! - 0 : 0 , «08», « -
08» # «! #098». ( . , «.» ( - # .) «! . .» (/ .) : / #2 -
. " 2 #2 : / #2 "#, ! ; . « -
.» . " 2 #2 0 "#, «! . .» #9" 0 1 0.
B " . . 2, #9" : / #2 "# ! " 0. # . 2 ! .
! #098 9 : 9 08 9. = ! 0 – ! / # ! 2 ! .- ! # . (" . . ! #098 ) # -
2 #2 (08 0 ), - . . . #.
! IDEF0 – .. ! #2 - #0 2 08 : ! #098,
" !.
#2 . ! / " ., ! 08 . " "-, 9 # 0 ! " "-
(# ! # " ! ! " .). 1 " . ! 2 0, .
# . 0. 0 #09 0 08 . "H-
., ; . B . . # ; . ! / -
" " 0 ! ! # . . #-
0, # " 2 0
! #098 : .
94
&. 5.2. v3 4 1 6 1 «% 2 K / 3»
' #, # 0 " "- 9 0 # . # . 0 0 . 0 ( . 5.3). ; . # " 9 0 08 - : , ! #098 . "H . 0 #09 0, ! .,
! . 1# , 0 !- 0 0 . 0.
&. 5.3. v3 4 1 6 1 «( / 5 1 K 3 2 0»
95
1 ! . ! 9 1 - 9 ! 08 ! #098 : ,
#0 . # 2 ! #
0. B ! ., # . 0 ! ! 0
/ 8 9 !0 2 "H: .-
#2 ! ( , 2 . .), : ! (# " #, / . .), ! .-
(.. , : / .-), ! : . / (: . / 0, . 0,
! 0 0 . .) ( ,
. .). ; . # # 0 08 . 08 .
: . . . " 2 0 "H-
, ! #098 . #2 08 0 ! . .-
: . /, .-. . . #2 . "0 #2 # ! #098 :
0 #0 0 . # # IDEF0 -
. # # DFD (Data Flow Diagram) WFD
(Work Flow Diagram).
@ 2 . . ! 0 . IDEF0 0 #0 0
.! / 0 (Decomposition). / ! .! / !-
. 0 0 ! " # ! / #098
: /. ; . 2 # / ! / !- #0 0 ! ". .#.
' .! / 0 ! #0 ! !
! #0 2 . #2 .
#2 .., # . ! # ..
#2 IDEF0 0 ! # 0 -
. / # – : / #2 "# -
: . ., ! 98 . 0 ! # .-
. "#. @ 0 .. . : / #2 . "# . 0 .. , " 0
: . « -0».
! 0 #2 . .. #-" 2 / #2 (Purpose) ! 0 ..
! 0 : 0 (Viewpoint).
96
! # : . # / 0 / # " IDEF0 –
. # 0 #0 0 . .... K / #2 ! #0 98 "# # . .,
" . : 2 0 ! 9 2. B ! ., # . .# . 0 #2 2 ! ! 0 0 / #29 ! 0 #2 1 . " ; . # :-
. / ., ; . #2 " 8 #-
2 0 , 9 " . " # #0 -
. ! ! 0 0, / #29 ! . / #-
/ !.
@ 0 ! #0 ! # 0
. # 2 " . # /. 6 :-
0 ! #0 2 . #2, 1 2
# / # 0 #2 ;# ., 0- #098 0 " . ., 0 " 0
.. B ! ., : / #2 . #
! ! 0 0 0 # # :-
" 8 # 2 0 ! ! #-
# /. = 0 ., . -, : 9 ! " "
20 ! , # . #
. ! . : !. #2-
" 0 8 8 .
! . #.
! / .! /, : / #2 "#, -
.. " .
/ #, ! 0 # / .. . #-
1 0 0 .. 0 : / #2-
"#, " 98 # ! : / : /- #2 "# .. 0 -
(Child diagram) ! 1 9 . ( :- / #2 "#, ! # 8 .. -
0 . "# . – Child Box).
9 2, : / #2 "# - ! 0 -
#2 . "# . ! 1 9 ..
(Parent Box), .. , ! # –
97
#2 .. (Parent Diagram). ( 0 !- : / .. . " 2 # #-
! . # .! / 98
: / #2 "#. . 2, . #
.! / : / #2 "# : -, 08 "#, # 08 :- 9 0 .. . = . 0 0
/ # 2 IDEF0 – . #. B #0 ! / ! .!- / ! # 5.4.
&. 5.4. 7 2 4 0 93 4 1 5 1 /
98
C# " 2 . . 0 2 . / : / #2 "# .. - "# .
#2 ! 0 . .. (/ : ! .
. # ! 0. #2), " ! ! . - # . . #0 ; "# .. .
; " 0 ., .!- / #0 "# 8.
6 " 9 #, #2 :
. . # ! # 2 . 2
.. - ! # 0 , # " - #2 . 9 ! .- # 1 - 0. B ! ., : 9 ,
" 98 9 «#2» : / #2 "# «" " 2 . » . . # 2
.. " # – ; " #2 !-
2 .. # 2 # . #0 ! 0 0. C , # 0 " . 2 " 2 0 - #2 «/ ! #2» : #-
2 # " 0. '#0 1 0 ! "
IDEF0 ! . ! 0 #- 0. " «#0» (Arrow Tunnel) - # " # : ",
; " # # : / #2 #2-
"# ! 0 # 2 ( «#0») #2 ; -
.. . 9 2, " /
(#) : ! "# "# – ! s. :, ! - 1 9 ; . "# .. ; " 2 0 - . 2 0 ". 6 8 ", #2 "H-
98 . : .- 9 0 ! . 0 –
. #, # «! 9 0 #2», ., ! " . «8 9 0 #0».
# . ! 0 IDEF0 0 #0 0 # (Glossary). '#0 ;# . IDEF0: .., :- / #2 "#, : 8 98
99