Non-finite verb patterns
.pdf14.ȼɚɦ ɍȾȺɅɈɋɖ ɉȿɊȿɄɍɋɂɌɖ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɜɵ ɭɲɥɢ?
15.Ɉɧɢ ɋȾȿɅȺɅɂ ȼɂȾ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɢɞɟɥɢ ɧɚɫ.
16.Ɉɧ ɈɌɄȺɁȺɅɋə ɈȻɋɍɀȾȺɌɖ ɫɜɨɢ ɩɥɚɧɵ ɫ ɝɚɡɟɬɱɢɤɚɦɢ.
17.Ɉɧɚ ɈɌɄȺɁȺɅȺɋɖ ȼɕɃɌɂ ɡɚ ɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɦɭɠ.
18.Ɉɧ ɉɊȿȾɅɈɀɂɅ ɩɨɞɜɟɡɬɢ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ.
Task 9. Make one sentence out of each two, using “HAPPEN + to-infinitive”.
Model: You were waiting at a bus stop. Your friend drove past. |
1 happened |
to be waiting at a bus stop when my friend drove past. |
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1.I was there. The accident took place.
2.I was watching television when the fire started.
3.He was sitting in a cafe. A friend walked in.
4.We were talking about her. She came into the room
5.An old man was walking past a hospital. He had a heart attack
6.She was pressed for time. They asked to help them.
7.The ear phones were out of order. I decided to listen to the test materials.
Task 10. Match the verbs on the left with their definitions. What basic meaning do all the verbs express?
A.
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a. influence the behaviour or judgment of sb |
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(in a position of power or trust) unfairly or |
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illegally by offering them favours or gifts |
FORCE |
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b. cause sb to do sth |
GET |
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c. make an unwilling person or animal do sth |
OBLIGE |
+ someone |
d. (fml) lead sb to do sth , often by persuad- |
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TEMPT |
+ TO DO |
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BRIBE |
sth |
e. make a person or animal angry or bad- |
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INDUCE |
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tempered, esp. by continually annoying |
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PROVOKE |
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them |
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f. persuade or attract sb to do sth that seems |
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pleasant or advantageous but may be un- |
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wise or immoral; make sb want to do sth |
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g. make it necessary for sb to do sth |
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B. |
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h. make sb feel brave enough or confident |
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enough to do sth, esp. by giving active ap- |
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proval |
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PERSUADE |
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i. invite sb to compete against one in a fight, |
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ENCOURAGE |
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match… |
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INVITE |
+ someone |
j. |
1) ask sb to come esp. to a social occasion, |
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URGE |
+ TO DO |
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2) ask for or request, esp. politely or for- |
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CHALLENGE |
sth |
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mally, 3) (seem to) encourage (sth bad) |
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DARE |
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k. try to persuade sb to do sth dangerous as a |
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way of proving their bravery |
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l. make sb willing to do sth by reasoning, |
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arguing, asking repeatedly |
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m. try very hard to persuade sb |
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Task 11. Use the verbs from Task 10 to fill in the gaps. Some verbs should be used more than once. Then translate the sentences into Russian.
A.
1.I __________ him to help me when I moved the furniture.
2.They tried to __________ the judge to acquit them.
3.Can I __________ you to have another drink?
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4.Nothing could __________ her to be disloyal to him.
5.The child was __________ with a piece of cake to go to bed quietly.
6.His arguments __________ them to admit he was right.
7.I can’t __________ the car to start.
8.Her refusal to answer __________ me to shout at her.
9.Falling profits __________ them to close the factory.
10.Waving a red cap, he __________ the animal to charge.
11.The fine weather __________ us to go outside.
12.The heavy rain __________ us to stay at home.
B.
13.Try to __________ him to come with us.
14.He __________ me to apply for the job.
15.Some shops __________ people to steal by making it too easy to take things.
16.He was still trying to __________ Polly to change her mind.
17.They __________ us to give our support.
18.The television interviewer __________ the minister to comment on the recent events.
19.They __________ us to stay for the weekend.
20.They __________ me to spend the night in the graveyard.
21.Her success __________ me to try the same thing.
22.I __________ him to race me across the lake.
Task 12. Match the verbs on the left with their definitions. What basic meaning
do all the verbs express?
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1. |
give sb an opportunity to do sth |
ALLOW |
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2. |
allow sb to do sth (formal) |
PERMIT |
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order that sth must not be done |
ENTITLE |
+ someone + |
4. |
(sb in a position of authority) to give official |
ENABLE |
TO DO sth |
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permission for sth to happen |
AUTHORISE |
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give sb the right to do or have sth |
FORBID |
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a) give sb permission to do sth; b) create the |
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opportunity for sth to happen |
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Task 13. Use the verbs from Task 12 to fill in the gaps. Translate the sentences
into Russian.
1.I ______________ you to come home so late again.
2._________ the apples to ripen at room temperature.
3.The eagle’s long wings ______________ it to glide for long distances.
4.In theory, bad behaviour at a Christmas office party ______________ an employer to fire someone.
5.The youth opportunities programme is designed to ______________ young people to find work.
6.Their educational qualifications ______________ them to get a higher salary.
7.Only Congress can ______________ the President to declare war.
8.The law ______________ foreign investors to own up to 25% of British companies.
9.The US government has refused to ______________ the refugees to enter the country
10.[form] By signing above I ______________ Citibank (South Dakota), N.A. to transfer balances as indicated above to my Citibank Visa card account
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Task 14. Answer the questions.
1.What should teachers ENCOURAGE students to do?
2.What must students FORCE themselves to do before exams?
3.What does good weather TEMPT people to do?
4.If you were overweight, what would the doctor RECOMMEND you to do?
5.If a person is honest, what can you TRUST them to do?
6.If a person was rude to you, what would this PROVOKE you to do?
7.What do the traffic rules FORBID you to do?
8.What did your mother WARN you not to do? What did she INSTRUCT you to do?
9.What does a season ticket ENTITLE you to do?
10.What does a good dictionary ENABLE you to do?
Task 15. Translate into English. Build the sentences on the pattern Subject +
Verb + Object + to-infinitive.
1.ɉɪɨɯɥɚɞɧɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɨɡɟɪɚ ɉɊɂȽɅȺɒȺɅȺ ɇȺɋ ɉɈɉɅȺȼȺɌɖ.
2.ɀɚɪɤɚɹ ɩɨɝɨɞɚ ɋɈȻɅȺɁɇɂɅȺ ɇȺɋ ɉɈɃɌɂ ɤɭɩɚɬɶɫɹ.
3.ȼɚɲ ɞɚɪ ɉɈɁȼɈɅɂɌ Ɇɇȿ ɄɍɉɂɌɖ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ.
4.ɗɬɨɬ ɛɢɥɟɬ ȾȺɋɌ ȼȺɆ ɉɊȺȼɈ ɉɊɈɃɌɂ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧ, ɧɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɦɟ-
ɫɬɨ.
5.ȼɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɇȺɍɑɂɌɖ ɊȿȻȿɇɄȺ ɉɅȺȼȺɌɖ.
6.Ɉɧɢ ɉɈȻɍɀȾȺɘɌ ȾȿɌɂɒȿɄ ɉɂɋȺɌɖ ɤɪɚɫɤɚɦɢ.
7.ə ɉɊȿȾɅɈɀɂɅ ȿɆɍ ɋɊȺɁɂɌɖɋə ɜ ɲɚɲɤɢ.
8.Ɉɧɚ ɇɂɄɈɆɍ ɇȿ ȾɈȼȿɊəȿɌ ɍɏȺɀɂȼȺɌɖ ɡɚ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɨɦ.
9.Ɉɧɚ ɧɟ ɊȺɋɋɑɂɌɕȼȺȿɌ, ɱɬɨ ȼɕ ɉɈɅȿɌɂɌȿ ɫɚɦɨɥɟɬɨɦ.
10.ɉɨɩɵɬɚɣɫɹ ɍȽɈȼɈɊɂɌɖ ȿȽɈ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ ɉɈɁȼɈɅɂɅ ɧɚɦ ɉɈȿɏȺɌɖ ɫ ɧɢɦ.
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11.Ɉɧ ȾȺɅ ɑɂɇɈȼɇɂɄɍ ȼɁəɌɄɍ, ɑɌɈȻɕ Ɉɇ ɈɌȾȺɅ ɟɦɭ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ.
12.Ɉɧɢ ɋɉɊɈȼɈɐɂɊɈȼȺɅɂ ȿȽɈ ɈɌȼȿɌɂɌɖ ɝɪɭɛɨ.
13.ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɤɥɭɛɚ ɁȺɉɊȿɓȺɘɌ ȿȽɈ ɑɅȿɇȺɆ ɄɍɊɂɌɖ ɜ ɡɨɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɡɪɢ-
ɬɟɥɟɣ.
14. ə ȾɈȽɈȼɈɊɂɅɋə, ɱɬɨ Ɉɇ ɩɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɦɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɭɬɶ ɦɟɛɟɥɶ.
Task 16. REPORTING VERBS. Report the following using an appropriate introductory verb from the lists below. Which of the verbs do not take an object before the infinitive?
A. AGREE, INVITE, ASK, BEG, REMIND, PROMISE, WARN, OFFER.
1. ‘I’ll never forget your birthday again.’ |
e.g. He promised never to for- |
get my birthday again. |
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2.‘We’ll pick up the children, if you like.’
3.‘Yes, I’ll help you.’
4.‘Can you pass me the salt, please?’
5.‘Could I speak to Ms Jones?’
6.‘Don’t forget to tell Ann!’
7.‘Please go.’
8.‘Please let me go.’
9.‘I will buy you a present.’
10.‘You must spend Christmas with us.’
11.‘Shall I help you?’
12.‘Don’t go near the fire!’
B. FORBIDE, INSTRUCT, REFUSE, DEMAND, THREATEN, ADVISE.
13.‘Give me a statement or I’ll detain you.’
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14.‘Could someone bring the culprit to my office?’
15.‘Don’t you ever discuss my problems behind my back again!’
16.‘Why don’t you go to see a doctor?’
17.‘No, I won’t get out of bed.’
18.‘If you do that again, I’ll call the police!’
19.‘You mustn’t be back later than 10.’
20.‘Mix the eggs with the flour.’
21.‘Don’t leave your room again.’
C.ENCOURAGE, ALLOW, PERMIT, ORDER, COMMAND, CLAIM.
22.‘Everybody be quiet!’
23.‘Go ahead, say what you think.’
24.‘I saw the murderer.’
25.‘You can use my phone.’
26.‘You may speak to the judge.’
27.‘Move to your right.’
28.‘Come on – you can do the Swimathon with us. You’re just as good as we are.’
Task 17. Translate into English.
1.ə ȾȺɅ ɟɦɭ ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɘ ɉɊɂɏɈȾɂɌɖ ɧɚ paɛoɬɭ ɤ 7.30.
2.ɇȺɉɈɆɇɂ Ɇɇȿ /ɱɬɨ ɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ/ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɦɚɦɟ.
3.Ɉɧ ɉɈɌɊȿȻɈȼȺɅ, ɑɌɈȻɕ ȿɆɍ ɋɄȺɁȺɅɂ ɩɪɚɜɞɭ.
4.Ɉɧ ɉɊȿȾɅɈɀɂɅ Ɇɇȿ ȾɈȼȿɁɌɂ ɦɟɧɹ ɞɨ ɞɨɦɚ.
5.Ɉɧ ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿȾɂɅ, ɑɌɈȻɕ ə ɇȿ ɌɊɈȽȺɅ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ.
6.Ɉɧ ɇȺɉɈɆɇɂɅ Ɇɇȿ, ɑɌɈȻɕ ə ȼɕɄɅɘɑɂɅ ɫɜɟɬ.
7.Ɉɧ ɉɈɈȻȿɓȺɅ Ɇɇȿ ɁȺɉɅȺɌɂɌɖ ɜ ɩɹɬɧɢɰɭ.
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8.Ɉɧ ɈɌɄȺɁȺɅɋə ɊȺɋɋɄȺɁȺɌɖ ɦɧɟ ɟɟ ɬɚɣɧɭ.
9.Ɉɧ ɉɊɂȽɅȺɋɂɅ Ɇȿɇə ɝɞɟ-ɧɢɛɭɞɶ ɉɈɍɀɂɇȺɌɖ.
10.Ɉɧ ɍɆɈɅəɅ, ɑɌɈȻɕ ə ɇȿ ȻɂɅ ɫɨɛɚɤɭ.
11.Ɉɧ ɉɊɂȽɊɈɁɂɅ ɊȿȻȿɇɄɍ, ɑɌɈ ɇȺɄȺɀȿɌ ɟɝɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɬɨɬ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɟɛɹ ɬɢɯɨ.
12.Ɉɧ ɍɌȼȿɊɀȾȺȿɌ, ɑɌɈ ȻɕɅ ɋȼɂȾȿɌȿɅȿɆ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ.
13.ȿɝɨ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɚɪɶ ɉɈɉɊɈɋɂɅȺ, ɑɌɈȻɕ ə ɉɊɂɒɅȺ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɱɚɫ.
14.Ɉɧ ɉɈɉɊɈɋɂɅ (ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ) ȼɁəɌɖ ɦɨɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ.
Task 18.
A. Comment on the difference between the sentences:
I prefer to drive. – I prefer you to drive.
B. Now translate into English using the verbs:
LIKE, LOVE, HATE, CAN’T BEAR, WANT, WISH, PREFER, NEED.
1.ɇɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɧɚɞ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɨɦ ɤ ɩɹɬɧɢɰɟ.
2.ɇɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɵ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɧɚɞ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɨɦ ɤ ɩɹɬɧɢɰɟ.
3.ə ɥɸɛɥɸ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɥɸɞɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ ɩɪɚɜɞɭ.
4.Ɉɧɚ ɯɨɱɟɬ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɹ ɩɨɲɟɥ ɫ ɧɟɣ.
5.ə ɯɨɱɭ ɩɨɣɬɢ ɫ ɧɟɣ.
6.ə ɧɟɧɚɜɢɠɭ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɫɟ ɦɟɧɹɸɬ, ɩɨɤɚ ɦɟɧɹ ɧɟɬ.
7.ɇɟ ɥɸɛɥɸ ɢɡɜɢɧɹɬɶɫɹ.
8.ə ɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɟɥ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ ɩɪɨɦɨɥɱɚɥ.
9.ȿɦɭ ɧɭɠɧɚ ɠɟɧɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɛɵ ɭɯɚɠɢɜɚɥɚ ɡɚ ɧɢɦ.
10.ɇɟ ɜɵɧɨɲɭ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɬɵ ɫɨ ɦɧɨɣ ɬɚɤ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɚɪɢɜɚɟɲɶ!
11.Ɋɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ ɯɨɬɟɥɢ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ ɫɬɚɥ ɜɪɚɱɨɦ.
12.Ɉɧ ɩɨɠɟɥɚɥ ɦɧɟ ɫɤɨɪɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɜɵɡɞɨɪɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
13.ə ɛɵ ɯɨɬɟɥ(ɚ), ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɟɣɱɚɫ ɛɵɥɨ ɥɟɬɨ.
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Task 19. Match the two halves of the sentences. More than one correct variant is possible.
1. |
He hesitated |
A. where to change. |
2. |
Can you advise me |
B. whom to address. |
3. |
Does anyone remember |
C. how to fill in the form. |
4. |
It’s up to him to decide |
D. which way to choose. |
5. |
I stood wondering |
E. what to buy. |
6. |
You never know |
F. how long to stay. |
7. |
We couldn’t imagine |
G. what book to refer to. |
8. |
At the moment I didn’t understand |
H. whether to accept the offer or not. |
9. |
Can you tell me |
I. what to say to such people. |
10. Who will teach me |
J. how to do it. |
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11. Will you show our guest |
K. where to get off. |
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12. Will you remind me |
L. what time to return. |
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Let’s ask somebody |
M. what tape to choose. |
Task 20. Answer the following questions using the verbs LET and MAKE.
1.What did your parents make you do when you were a child?
2.What didn't your parents let you do when you were a child?
3.What will you let your children do?
4.What will you make children do if you become a teacher?
5.What do onions make you do?
6.What do cigarettes make people do?
7.What does the thought of work make you feel?
8.Why do short people wear high heels?
9.Why do women wear make-up?
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Task 21. Answer the following questions using the verb KNOW in the meaning of “to experience”. Model:
– Can I trust him to pay the money back? – I've never known him pay his debts.
1.Is your friend quick to take offence?
2.What if you just hurt your friend’s feelings?
3.Does your friend attend classes regularly?
4.Do you think one can die of love?
5.Would your friend like to go out to the opera house with you?
6.Did you see your friend’s drawings in chalk?
7.Are you sure your friend is all right?
8.Will your friend do as s/he is told?
Task 22.
A. Rephrase the sentences or groups of sentences using VERBS OF SENSE PERCEPTION + an object + bare infinitive. Model:
I looked out of the window. He entered the house. – I saw him enter the house.
1.The announcer called the flight. I'VE HEARD it.
2.The plane took off. We all HAVE SEEN it.
4.Nobody moved or said anything, just WATCHED how she packed her things.
5.If a pin dropped, you WOULD HEAR it.
6.You whispered something to your neighbour. I NOTICED it.
7.We SAW that their disappointment changed to resignation.
8.I FELT how the child's hand tightened in mine.
B. Which of the sentences above can you make passive, as in the model:
I saw him enter the house – He was seen TO enter the house ?
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