VLADIVOSTOK

Active Vocabulary

gulf [gAlf] морской залив

bay [beI] залив, бухта

originate [q'ridZineit] давать начало, происходить

conjunction [kqn'dZANkSqn] соединение, связь

cling [kliN] цепляться, держаться,

льнуть.

peninsula [pi'ninsjulq ] полуостров

remote [ri'mqut] дальний, отдали

in search [sWC ] в поисках

desert [di'zWt] покидать, оставлять

deportee ["di:pO:'ti:] сосланный

exceed [ik'si:d] превышать

liaison [li:'eizO:N] взаимодействие, связывающий

extensive [iks'tensiv] обширный

handle ['hxndl] управлять,

регулировать

strive [straiv] стараться

research [ri'sWC] исследование, изучение

welfare ['welfFq] благосостояние

charter ['Ca:tq ] устав

embrace [im'breis] избирать, включать, содержать

legislative ['leGis"leItiv] законодательный

executive [ig'zekjutiv] исполнительный

judicial [G u(:)'dJSl] судебный, законный

pass (by) [pa:s] принимать (законы)

Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the underlined words.

1. The news story originated in Paris.

2. We sailed into a beautiful bay.

3. Faced with the exam paper, all my courage deserted me!

4. Please, don’t desert me; I can’t do this on my own!

5. The house was very remote and I felt lonely all the time.

6. The success of our campaign has exceeded our wildest expectations.

7. The city of Dresden suffered from extensive bombing during the Second World War.

8. If you can’t handle the job I will get someone else to do it.

9. Some people are brilliant with computers, but have no idea how to handle other people.

10. They are doing some fascinating research on the language of dolphins.

11. These organizations have fought very hard for the rights and welfare of immigrants.

12. In 1984, the New York City council shocked private men’s clubs by passing a law to open them to women.

13. The Government produced a Citizens Charter.

14. How old were you when you embraced feminism?

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text.

Vladivostok

Vladivostok is washed by two gulfs – the Amursky Gulf and Ussuriysky Gulf in addition to five bays that bear the classical names of Patrocles, Diomides, and Ulysses. The names of the bays originate from those of the first ships that once called at them.

Vladivostok is a frontier city, and a city on the waterfront. Here Russia and Asia meet: at this place, where the Continent of Russia ends, there is a conjunction of the borders of several countries.

Before the Russians, nobody lived here. One could find only a few Chinese cabins, clung to the seashores of the peninsula. Trepang–catchers sometimes visited that remote area. It was they who used to call the Golden Horn Bay “Haishengwei”, the Golden Trepang Bay.

There were migrants from all parts of Russia, mainly poor peasants arriving by sea from Odessa in search of the Promised Land. What they found there were deserted rocky shores, hills covered by virgin woods, and a boundless ocean, giving them hope. Who were those people? They were migrants and deportees, sailors and soldiers. The Russians, Byelorussians, Ukrainians, Poles and other nationalities of enormous Russia.

Nowadays Vladivostok is a large city, a major seaport with a big naval base, and a population exceeding 574,000 people. The prominent part of its population has a life-long liaison with the sea. Vladivostok is well-known in the world mainly as the biggest naval base of the Russian Federation.

Vladivostok is one of the largest cargo-handling centers of the country. The most extensive rail road route in the world, more than 9,000 km long, starts here. As for the Commercial Port of Vladivostok, it is one among the major ports of the Asian Pacific region. The Commercial Port handles more than 4 million tons of international cargo annually.

And every year young people striving for knowledge come to Vladivostok from all parts of the Far Eastern region. The capital of Primorye is the largest scientific and educational center of the Russian Far East with its own long-established traditions. More than 50 higher educational establishments and 16 research institutes of the Academy of Sciences are located in Vladivostok.

Vladivostok is a maritime city. The sea can be viewed from almost every window in the city. Its streets and avenues climbing up the slopes of the hills and crossing over them will sooner or later lead you to the sea.

The city is a municipal corporation. Its aim is to provide for the general welfare of the citizens. The basis of the city’s legal existence and of its internal government is a document known as the city charter. The city government is the mechanism through which the public will is expressed.

The government of Vladivostok, for example, like any local government embraces three broad functions: namely, the making of laws (legislative power), the administration of laws (executive power), and the enforcement of laws (judicial power).

Local government is often regarded as being the basis of national self-government. The laws of Vladivostok are passed by the City’s Duma. But the government of the city in everyday life exercises a mayor elected by the citizens.

As in other cities – education, medical and hospital services, public transport and other utility services have become matters of governmental concern in Vladivostok as well. To protect the citizens from criminal individuals or wrongdoings there are the police and local courts that maintain the public order and prevent crimes. To be successful in the governmental activity all the branches of government of the city of Vladivostok should cooperate and work together.

Exercise 3. Answer the following questions.

1. What gulfs is Vladivostok washed by?

2. Why do we call Vladivostok a frontier city?

3. Who lived there before the Russians?

4. What did people find there?

5. What is the population of Vladivostok?

6. Why is Vladivostok considered one of the major ports of the Asian Pacific region?

7. What three broad functions does the government of Vladivostok embrace?

8. What is the aim of the city as a municipal corporation?

9. What is the city charter?

10. By whom is a mayor elected?

Exercise 4. Find English equivalents to the following sentences in the text.

1. Названиями своими они были обязаны некогда приходившим сюда кораблям.

2. Были переселенцы со всей России, приезжавшие морем через Одессу.

3. Современный Владивосток – огромный портовый и военный город.

4. Владивосток – крупнейшая грузоперевалочная база страны.

5. Каждый год молодёжь со всего региона устремляется сюда за знаниями.

6. Городское управление – механизм, через который выражается воля народа.

7. Администрация Владивостока, как и любой местный орган власти, имеет три основные функции.

Exercise 5. Match words with their definitions.

1. Originate a. Manage, deal, with

2. Frontier b. (number of) people living in a place,

3. Remote country, etc.

4. Search c. Have as a cause or beginning

5. Population d. Systematic training and instruction

6. Handle e. Of a town or city having self-government

7. Education f. Part of a country bordering on another

8. Municipal country

9. Welfare g. Faraway in space or time

10. Executive h. Rule made by authority for the proper

11. Legislative regulation of a community or society

12. Law i. Examine, look carefully at

j. law-making

k. condition of having to do with managing

l. condition of having good health, comfortable living and working conditions.