- •Предисловие
- •What economics is
- •What is Economics?
- •2. Micro- and macroeconomics
- •Microeconomics and macroeconomics
- •Learn the vocabulary:
- •1. Traditional economies
- •Traditional economies
- •2. Command (planned) economies
- •Planned economies
- •3. Market economies
- •Market economies
- •4. Mixed economies
- •Mixed economies
- •Ex. 7. A) Check your grammar:
- •The role of government in the economy
- •The Role of Government in the Economy.
- •Ex. 7. Translate into English:
- •Equilibrium Point
- •Inflation
- •Cost – push inflation
- •Ex. 3. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •Ex. 5. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
- •Ex. 6. Change the conditional sentences (real) into unreal
- •Ex. 8. Read and translate the text: The issue of recession versus inflation
- •Pressures Influencing Ethical Decision Making
- •Encouraging Ethical Behavior
- •Learn the vocabulary:
- •II. Understanding business finance
- •What is Finance?
- •If necessary:
- •Functions of money
- •Bank organization
- •3. Stock exchange
- •Stock Exchange
- •Ex. 2. Read and translate the text: Definition of Management
- •Levels and areas of management
- •1. Levels of Management
- •2. Areas of management
- •Management Skills
- •Learn the vocabulary
- •What is accounting?
- •The accounting systems
- •Accounting Versus Bookkeeping
- •1. Learning about marketing
- •Ex. 2. Read and translate the text: Learning about marketing
- •Ex. 3. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •Ex. 5. Number the steps of marketing process:
- •Ex. 6. Form gerunds from the verbs below and put them into the gaps:
- •Ex. 7. Fill in the gaps with the correct modal verbs given below:
- •1. Certain conditions … be met before an exchange … take place.
- •Learn the vocabulary:
- •2. The marketing strategy process Ex. 1. Learn the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Ex. 3. Fill in the gaps with the words from the text:
- •4. Promotional mix
- •Что такое Promotion?
- •5. Check your knowledge of marketing
- •Commerce Ex. 1. Learn the pronunciation:
- •Ex. 2. Read and translate the text Trade
- •III. Some facts of business life
- •Starbucks
- •II. Nike
- •III. The internet sells its soul
- •IV. Tiny machines, giant market
- •Southwest Airlines
- •VII. Brand wars
- •Own-Label Products
- •Lookalike Coke
- •VIII. If the price is right…
- •IX. Looking after the twenty percent
- •X. Bright ideas
- •XI. The lateral thinker
- •XII. Boardroom culture clash
- •XIII. Made in japan
- •4. Total Quality Management means scrapping products which do not come up to the required standard.
- •XIV. She's the boss
- •XV. Managing the planet
- •XVI. Credit out of control
- •Instant access
- •Библиографический список:
- •Contents
Ex. 7. A) Check your grammar:
It is (was) ... that (who) -именно
It is the intention of the planners that there should be enough goods and services for all.
It is these disadvantages that have led to many countries abandoning planned economies.
It is consumers who decide what is to be produced.
It is just the balance between market and planned elements that alters.
b) Rewrite the following sentences using the emphatic construction
1. Television was invented in this century.
2. Mathematicians have solved complicated problems with the help of
computers.
3. I first saw this play on TV.
4. Two doctors made this discovery.
Owing to the rain we couldn't come.
Ex. 8. Answer the questions:
1. Are there really pure examples of planned and market economies in
the world?
2. What's a mixed economy? What's its aim?
3. What type of economy is the UK? is Russia now?
Ex. 9. Translate into English:
В реальной действительности экономические системы
располагаются где-то между чисто рыночной и плановой экономикой.
Смешанная экономика — это система, при которой частная
собственность и рынок, а также правительство и общественные
институты, энергично участвующие в обеспечении
экономической стабильности и перераспределении доходов,
взаимодействуют в решении экономических проблем.
С одной стороны, у нас смешанная экономика, которая не
позволяет частным лицам принимать какие-либо экономические
решения, с другой - у нас свободный рынок, где частные лица
имеют значительную экономическую свободу выбора.
Цель смешанной экономики – избежать недостатки командной и
рыночной экономики и извлечь выгоду из них обеих.
В смешанной экономике правительство и частный сектор
взаимодействуют в решении экономических проблем.
Learn the vocabulary:
significant faults - значительные недостатки
at one extreme… at the other extreme - на одном полюсе… на другом
restriction - ограничениe
whilst - в то время как, пока
state - controlled industry - промышленность,
контролируемая государством
to avoid disadvantages - избегать недостатков
to enjoy the benefits - иметь преимущества,
пользоваться преимуществами
to interact - взаимодействовать
to solve economic problems - решать экономические
проблемы
a share of the output - доля в объеме производства
essential items - товары и услуги первой
необходимости
a range of businesses - ряд компаний, фирм
to exercise considerable economic - иметь значительную
freedom of choice экономическую
свободу выбора