-’s (your sister’s name) and of … (the name of the book)

BWith a singular noun we use -’s:

my sister’s room (= her room – one sister)

Mr Carter’s house (= his house)

With a plural noun (sisters, friends etc.) we put an apostrophe (’) ater s: my sisters’ room (= their room – two or more sisters)

the Carters’ house (= their house – Mr and Mrs Carter)

If a plural noun does not end in -s (for example men/women/children/people) we use -’s:

CFor things, ideas etc., we normally use of:

the temperature of the water (not the water’s temperature) the name of the book the owner of the restaurant

We say the beginning/end/middle of … / the top/bottom of … / the front/back/side of … : the beginning of the month (not the month’s beginning)

the top of the hill the back of the car

DYou can usually use -’s or of … for an organisation (= a group of people). So you can say:

EWe use -’s with time words (yesterday / next week etc.):

Do you still have yesterday’s newspaper?

Next week’s meeting has been cancelled.

In the same way, you can say today’s / tomorrow’s / this evening’s / Monday’s etc.

We also use -’s (or -s’ with plural words) with periods of time:

I’ve got a week’s holiday starting on Monday.

Julia has got three weeks’ holiday.

I live near the station – it’s only ten minutes’ walk.

81.1In some of these sentences, it is more natural to use -’s or -’. Change the underlined parts where necessary.

81.3 Read each sentence and write a new sentence beginning with the underlined words.

1 The meeting tomorrow has been cancelled.

Tomorrow’s meeting has been cancelled.

2The storm last week caused a lot of damage. Last

3The only cinema in the town has closed down. The

4 The weather in Britain is very changeable.

5 Tourism is the main industry in the region.

81.4Use the information given to complete the sentences.

1 If I leave my house at 9 o’clock and drive to the airport, I arrive at about 11.

163

Unit

82 myself/yourself/themselves etc.

AStudy this example:

Steve introduced himself to the other guests.

We use myself/yourself/himself etc. (reflexive pronouns) when the subject and object are the same:

Hi, I’m Steve.

Steve introduced himself

I don’t want you to pay for me. I’ll pay for myself. (not I’ll pay for me)

Amy had a great holiday. She really enjoyed herself.

Do you talk to yourself sometimes? (said to one person)

If you want more to eat, help yourselves. (said to more than one person)

Compare:

Lisa introduced me to the other guests.

I introduced myself to the other guests.

BWe do not use myself etc. ater feel/relax/concentrate/meet:

I feel nervous. I can’t relax.

You need to concentrate. (not concentrate yourself)

What time shall we meet tomorrow?

Normally we do not use myself etc. ater wash/shave/dress:

He got up, washed, shaved and dressed. (not washed himself etc.)

You can also say get dressed (He got dressed).

DWe also use myself/yourself etc. in another way. For example:

‘Who repaired your bike?’ ‘I repaired it myself.’

I repaired it myself = I repaired it, not another person. Here, myself is used to emphasise ‘I’ (= it makes it stronger). Some more examples:

I’m not going to do your work for you. You can do it yourself. (= you, not me)

Let’s paint the house ourselves. It will be much cheaper.

The film itself wasn’t very good, but I loved the music.

I don’t think Lisa will get the job she applied for. Lisa doesn’t think so herself. or Lisa herself doesn’t think so.

82.1 Complete the sentences using myself/yourself etc. + these verbs (in the correct form):

82.2 Put in myself/yourself/ourselves etc. or me/you/us etc.

82.3 Complete these sentences. Use myself/yourself etc. where necessary. Choose from:

82.4 Complete the sentences with ourselves/themselves or each other.

82.5 Complete the sentences using myself/yourself etc. Use the verb in brackets.