Praktikum_ecology_izdvo
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m |
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4 0,15833 4 |
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Ne |
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20 30 20 40 |
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0,0395833, |
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Ne 1 0,0395833 25,26 . |
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'8GG/>/!+6 /+* /"/+%$ ', !"!#<!6-< G' &(#'; (1.4): |
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1 1 |
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1 1 |
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1 0,85 |
0,15. |
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2Ne |
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25,26 |
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/-#' ,'0'#!+/;, , /:'"<A!! ,',(#<>/@ 0 ,' '%( :=&/ $+/<, $:+' |
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m = l,5·Ne = 1,5 · 25,26 = 37,9. % '?$ |
:=&/ $+/< |
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,'-#! -&!+= 38 ,'0'#!+/;. |
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3. GG!06/:+=; $?&! ,',(#<>// - ()!6'& +! $:+'%' )/-#$ -$&- |
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>': / -$&'0 +$B'"/6-< ,' := $I!+/@ (1.3): |
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%"! N1 – )/-#' -$&>': / N2 – )/-#' -$&'0, 0'6' =! -:<?$+= := $I!+/<- &/: N1 / N2 = 4 N1 + N2 = Ne = 110.
16
!D!+/! "$++'; -/-6!&= ( $:+!+/; "$!6 N2 = 22 / N1 = 88. '"-6$- :/: 86/ "$++=! : (1.3), ,'#()/&:
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0,0142, |
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352 |
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88 |
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Ne = 1 / 0,0142 = 70,42. |
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'8GG/>/!+6 /+* /"/+%$ :=)/-#<!6-< ,' G' &(#! (1.4): |
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0,9719 |
0,01291. |
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2Ne |
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140,84 |
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/-#' ,'0'#!+/;, , /:'"<A!! ,',(#<>/@ 0 ,' '%( :=&/ $+/<, $:+' m = l,5·Ne = 1,5 · 70,42 = 105,63. % '?$ :=&/ $+/< ,',(#<>// :'?&'I+$ ,'-#! -&!+= 106 ,'0'#!+/;.
4. ? , ':!"!++=B $-)!6': :/"+', )6' +!'"/+$0':'! 0'#/)!-6:' "!6!; : -!&E<B ,',(#<>// / +! $:+'! )/-#' -$&>': / -$&'0 : ,',(#<- >// (&!+ED$!6 !! 8GG!06/:+=; $?&! , 6' !-6E -+/I$!6 :=I/:$!&'-6E ,',(#<>//.
1.2. ,-!)/
+ # % – -':'0(,+'-6E ' %$+/?&':, '*/6$@A$< *'#!! /#/ &!+!! /?'#/ ':$++' : , '-6 $+-6:! / :' : !&!+/ '6 " (%/B $+$#'%/)+=B -'- :'0(,+'-6!; 6'%' I! :/"$ / '-(A!-6:#<@A$< '*&!+ %!+!6/)!-0'; /+- G' &$>/!;.
, * # # % – '*A!! 0'#/)!-6:' ' %$+/?&': '"+'%' :/- "$ +$ "$++'; 6! /6' // /#/ : "$++'& '*T!&!.
+ * # # % – )/-#' ' %$+/?&': ,',(#<>//, , /B'"<- A/B-< +$ !"/+/>( ?$+/&$!&'%' "$++'; ,',(#<>/!; , '-6 $+-6:$.
& * – )/-#' ' %$+/?&':, '"/:D/B-< : ,',(#<>// ?$ +!- 0'6' =; , '&!I(6'0 : !&!+/.
/ * * – '6+'D!+/! 'I"$!&'-6/ 0 )/-#!++'-6/ ,',(#<>//.
* – )/-#' ' %$+/?&':, ,'%/*D/B : ,',(#<>// ?$ +!0'- 6' =; , '&!I(6'0 : !&!+/.
/ * * – '6+'D!+/! -&! 6+'-6/ 0 )/-#!++'-6/ ,'- ,(#<>//.
# # % – "!#!+/! ' %$+/?&': ,',(#<>// ,' , /?+$- 0$& :'? $-6$, $?&! $, ,'#$, $-, !"!#!+/< : , '-6 $+-6:! / 6. ".
17
1.'+<6/! «,',(#<>/<».
2.6 (06( $ ,',(#<>//. -+':+=! B$ $06! /-6/0/ ,',(#<>//.
3.GG!06 % (,,=.
4./:=! :=I/:$+/<.
5.+$#/? 80-,'+!+>/$#E+'%' ?$0'+$ '-6$ )/-#!++'-6/ ,',(#<- >//.
6.+$#/? #'%/-6/)!-0'%' ?$0'+$ '-6$ )/-#!++'-6/ ,',(#<>//.
7.$06' = "/+$&/0/ )/-#!++'-6/ ,',(#<>//.
! "$( % +$ $ , ,-!)/ '
$I"$< ,',(#<>/< B$ $06! /?(!6-< 0'#/)!-6:!++=&/ ,'0$?$6!#<- &/, 0'6' =! ',/-=:$@6 !! -6$6/)!-0'! / "/+$&/)!-0'! -'-6'<+/<.
6$6/)!-0/! ,'0$?$6!#/ B$ $06! /?(@6 -'-6'<+/! ,',(#<>// : ', !"!#!++=; &'&!+6 : !&!+/. +/& '6+'-<6:
)/-#!++'-6E;
,#'6+'-6E;
,'0$?$6!#/ -6 (06( =.
6 (06( $ ,',(#<>// -6 '/6-< +$ '-+':! "!#!+/< '-'*!; +$ % (,- ,= ,' $?+=& , /?+$0$&:
:'? $-6+$< – -6 (06( $ ,',(#<>// B$ $06! /?(!6 '*A!! 0'#/)!- -6:' , !"-6$:#!++=B : +!; :'? $-6+=B % (,, / -''6+'D!+/! /B )/-#!++'-6/;
,'#':$< – '6 $I$!6 0'#/)!-6:' / )/-#!++'-6E % (,, ' %$+/?&':$?"!#!++=B ,' , /?+$0( ,'#$;
$?&! +$< – '6 $I$!6 -''6+'D!+/! 0'#/)!-6:$ '-'*!; $?+=B$?&! ':;
, '-6 $+-6:!++$< – '6 $I$!6 $-, !"!#!+/! '-'*!; : , '-6 $+- -6:!.
$) $ - $- , ,-!)/
'? $-6+$< -6 (06( $ ,',(#<>// ,'0$?=:$!6 -''6+'D!+/! 0'#/)!- -6:$ ' %$+/?&': $?+'%' :'? $-6$.
&! 6+'-6E / 'I"$!&'-6E '-'*!; /?&!+<@6-< - :'? $-6'&. (A!- -6:(@6 :/"=, ( 0'6' =B -&! 6+'-6E : $++!& :'? $-6! *'#ED!, )!& ( :? '-#=B '-'*!;, / +$'*' '6. $G/)!-0(@ ?$:/-/&'-6E )/-#$ :=I/:- D/B '-'*!; '6 /B :'? $-6$ +$?=:$@6 0 /:=&/ :=I/:$+/<. /:=! :=- I/:$+/< ,'" $?"!#<@6 +$ 6 / '-+':+=B 6/,$ ( /-. 1.3):
1./:$< I 6/,$ – :=,(0#$<, B$ $06! +$ "#< :/"':, ( 0'6' =B +$ , '6<I!+// :-!; I/?+/ -&! 6+'-6E &$#$ / *'#ED/+-6:' ' %$-
18
+/?&': "'I/:$!6 "' */'#'%/)!-0'%' :'? $-6+'%' , !"!#$. $+- +$< 0 /:$< :=I/:$+/< B$ $06! +$ "#< ' %$+/?&': - +/?0'; '- I"$!&'-6E@ / (-/#!++'; ?$*'6'; ' ,'" $-6$@A!& ,'0'#!+//, 6$0/B 0$0 0 (,+=! !0',/6$@A/! / )!#':!0.
2./:$< II 6/,$ – "/$%'+$#E+$<, B$ $06! +$ "#< :/"':, ( 0'6' =B -&! 6+'-6E +! ?$:/-/6 '6 :'? $-6$. /&! '& <:#<@6-< ,6/>= / % =?(+=.
3./:$< III 6/,$ – :'%+(6$<, B$ $06! +$ "#< :/"': - :=-'0'; -&! 6+'-6E@ : +$)$#E+=; ,! /'" I/?+/, 0'6' =! &$#' ?$*'6<6- -< ' -:'!& ,'6'&-6:! ((-6 />$, =*=, $-6!+/<).
& . 1.3. 0
/ $--&'6 !+// :'? $-6+'; -6 (06( = ,',(#<>// :="!#<@6 6 / 80'#'%/)!-0/! :'? $-6+=! % (,,=:
, !" !, '"(06/:+$< (&'#'"=! '-'*/);
!, '"(06/:+$< (:? '-#=! '-'*/);
,'-6 !, '"(06/:+$< (-6$ =! '-'*/).
:!#/)!+/! '6+'-/6!#E+' B$ $06! +=B "#< ,',(#<>// ?+$)!+/; )/-#$ &'#'"=B '-'*!; B$ $06! +' "#< *=-6 ' $-6(A/B, $?:/:$@A/B-< ,',(#<>/;. "!% $"/ (@A/B, -'0 $A$@A/B-< ,',(#<>/<B , !'*#$- "$@6 -6$ =! '-'*/, +!-,'-'*+=! 0 /+6!+-/:+'&( $?&+'I!+/@.
! , ,-!)/ , ,- , !
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
19
%', "!6/ *("(6 6$0I! *#'+"/+$&/. -#/ :=I/:$!&'-6E *#'+"/+': *("!6 :=D!, )!& ( * @+!6':, 6' )! !? "'-6$6')+' *'#ED'! 0'#/)!-6:' ,'0'- #!+/; :!-E :/" *("!6 -'-6'<6E /-0#@)/6!#E+' /? *#'+"/+':.
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
1.-! ' %$+/?&= '"+','#=!. *&!+ %!+!6/)!-0'; /+G' &$>/!; '-(A!-6:#<!6-<, +$, /&! , 0$0 ( $-6!+/; ,! !0 !-6+=& ',=#!+/!&.
2.%$+/?&= ,',(#<>// $?"!#!+= +$ ":$ ,'#$. #()$; +$/*'#!! B$ $06! +=; "#< *'#ED/+-6:$ I/:'6+=B / +!0'6' =B $-6!+/;, 6$0/B 0$0 6','#E / '*#!,/B$.
3.',(#<>/< ,' , /?+$0$& ,'#$ (()$-6/< : , '>!--! $?&+'I!+/<) "!#/6-< *'#!! )!& +$ ":$ ,'#$. $, /&! , ( ,)!# :="!#<@6 &$60(, 6 (6- +!; / $*')/B ,)!#, $ ,',(#<>/< 6 /B'&'+$"= ,' , /?+$0( ,'#$ $?"!- #!+$ +$ D!-6E % (,,.
, ,-!)/ '
4 # # % – , '>!--= /?&!+!+/< !! '-+':+=B B$ $06!-/-6/0 :' : !&!+/. /+$&/)!-0/! ,'0$?$6!#/ B$ $06! /?(@6 , '>!--=, , '6!0$@A/! : ,',(#<>// ?$ +!0'6' =; , '&!I(6'0 : !&!+/. 6' '- I"$!&'-6E, -&! 6+'-6E, -0' '-6E '-6$ ,',(#<>//.
& * – )/-#' '-'*!; Nn , '"/:D/B-< : ,',(#<>// ?$ +!0'6' =; , '&!I(6'0 : !&!+/ ( t ):
P Nn / t . |
(1.5) |
* – )/-#' '-'*!; Nm , ,'%/*D/B : ,',(#<>// ?$ +!0'- 6' =; , '&!I(6'0 : !&!+/ t :
C Nm / t . |
(1.6) |
#< - $:+!+/< 'I"$!&'-6/ / -&! 6+'-6/ : $?+=B ,',(#<>/<B /-,'#E?(@6 ("!#E+=! ,'0$?$6!#/.
/ * * – '6+'D!+/! 'I"$!&'-6/ 0 /-B'"+'; )/-#!++'-6/ ,',(#<>// N:
b P / N Nn / N t . |
(1.7) |
20