СХТ_Курс_Пос_1
.0.pdf0.5...0.2 .
-
100 °C. R0 10 -
100 °C. ( . 3.8)
( . 3.9)
.
+U 1 |
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R6 |
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R2 |
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R4 |
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RL |
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R3 |
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. 3.8.
R1 R3 ( . 2.8) -
GL GT. -
GT , , -
R3 ( )
(1/GL + 1/GT). « »,
, ,
. , -
R3 GL GT.
, GL
.
R3 (0.05...0.15
100 °C). R1 . -
R4. R5 R6
, -
51
.
-.
+U 1
RL
R1
DA1 |
R2 |
RT |
DA2 |
+ |
U |
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+ |
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VD
. 3.9.
( . 3.9) RL RT. -
, , -
R2. « »
, R2, RL RT. -
U = (UVD/R2)R , UVD – -
; RP – RL RT, (3.2).
-
R2 , -
. -
.
RL RT,
DA1.
. 2.2
52
2.2
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R0, |
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4-8-4 |
0.05 ± 10% |
3294 ± 1% |
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4-8-4 |
3.0 ± 10% |
4117 ± 1% |
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3-18 |
0.68; 1.0 ± 20% * |
2250…2750 |
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3-18 |
1.5; |
2.2 ± 20% * |
2800…3400 |
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3-19 |
10.0; |
15.0 ± 20% * |
3150…3850 |
* 20 °C.
p-n- .
, -
( 0.7 ).
.
,
dU/dT –2.3 /°C
I = 10 A –2.0 /°C I = 1 A.
100 A. -
, « »
.
p–n - . -
.
.
–40 +125 °C
±0.5 °C.
p–n -
,
( . 3.10).
VT. « »
, -
, . ,
, .
, R1, VT, , ,
DA1
53
VT. 1 -
, VT DA1. -
(
0.1...0.5 ).
+U |
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–U |
R1 |
C1 |
R3 |
R5 |
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VT |
R2 |
R6 |
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DA1 |
R4 |
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DA2 |
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U |
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R7 |
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C2 |
. 2.10. p–n
DA2. R3, R5, R6 , -
DA2. R5
, R6
. -
, R3 R2, (R4 + R2)/R2. R7, C2
,
. -
:
R7 = 10 , C = 4.7 .
. -
:
( –300 +2800 °C);
( 0.5 %);
;
;
;
.
:
54
( 6.4…69 /°C);
;
.
– .
, , -
,
. -
.
100...300 °C. -
. , J ( )
+20 +240 °C -
:
T = 2.2534 + 0.018369E,
E – ( ); T –
(° ). 1 ° .
. 3.3
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2.3 |
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- |
= 100 °C, |
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- |
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DIN43710 |
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0 = 0 °C, |
°C |
, °C |
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6.90 ± 0.30 |
–200…+900 |
± (2.2…5.8) |
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J |
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5.27 ± 0.03 |
–40…+750 |
± (1.5…4.0) |
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4.10 ± 0.15 |
–200…+1200 |
± (4.0…9.7) |
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R |
- |
0.64 ± 0.03 |
0…+1600 |
± (1.2…3.6) |
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– |
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1.33 |
0…+2200 |
± (5.4…9.7) |
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-
, -
( +50 ± 0.5 °C)
, -
. -
-
55
, -
, , -
. -
p–n ( . 3.11).
. -
R9 R1 + R4. -
R1 R4 . R1+ R4 1
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+15 |
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C3 |
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R5 |
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R1 |
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R9 |
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C1 |
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DA |
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R2 |
R6 |
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R10 |
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U |
VD1 |
R3 |
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R7 |
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C4 |
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VD2 |
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C2 |
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R8 |
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. 3.11.
VD1 -
.
dU/dT 2.0 /°C I = 1 A, -
0.7 . VD2
VD1 R6 – R8
. VD2 2.23.9 . R5 VD2. -
10 , .
R3 – R4 R4).
56
VD1 2000 /°C
, ( , -
. 3.3, J 52.7 /°C
= 100 °C). , -
,
2000/52.7 38.
, -
. R2C1 R6C2 -
, C3 -
, ,
. R10C4
. 3.10.
: C1 = C2 = 4.7...10 , C3 = 0.1...0.47 .
, -
.
. p–n -
, ,
. -
: |
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I = IS exp (qU/kT) – 1 IPH , |
(3.5) |
I – U; IS – -
; q –
(1.6 10 19 ); k – (1.38 10 23 /K); T –
(K); IPH = SFF – , ; SF –
( ); F – -
( ).
( SP),
.
(3.5) .
. -
(U = 0).
(3.5) : I = IPH = SF.
57
. , -
6...7 -
. . , -
,
.
. -
.
.
,
(I = 0). (3.5) U
, I = 0, : U = kT ln (IPH /IS) +1 .
. -
(0.6…0.7 ). -
.
, .
–UA («–»
«+» ). (F = 0) -
, . -
, -
–U -
.
U = 0,
. , -
,
–U .
. 3.12.
. 3.12, - ».
« », -
, , -
. ,
58
, . -
, , « »,
, . R
, ,
U . -
R
U I max:
I max R U . , -
R 1 M .
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U |
R2 |
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R3 |
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R1 |
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R1 |
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h |
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R2 |
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h |
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–UA |
R2 |
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R4 |
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. 3.12. :
- ; - ;
- ; -
. 3.12,
, -
(I = 0). ,
,
(0.7 ), , -
, R1, R2, R3, ,
59
U /0.7 15. . 3.12,
.
. 3.12, -
.
, . -
-
R1 R2 1 M ).
. 3.12, -
. .
. -
,
,
. , ,
–U . -
R4
. -
, -
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-
. 3.4.
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3.4 |
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S , |
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F |
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U , |
U , |
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) |
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-7 |
10 |
0.4…1.10 |
27 |
5.0 |
(0.47) |
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-9 |
4.4×4.4 |
0.5…1.12 |
10 |
10.0 |
3.0 |
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-10 |
1.9×1.9 |
0.5…1.12 |
20 |
1.0 |
4.4 |
|
20-30 |
1.5×1.5 (2) * |
0.5…1.10 |
5 |
0.1 |
0.3 |
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19- |
1 ×1 (4) ** |
0.5…1.10 |
3 |
0.1 |
4.2 |
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*.
. -
.
) , ( ) .
F -
~ F1/2. -
60