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МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ

ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «ВОРОНЕЖСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ЛЕСОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ

УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ИМ. Г.Ф. МОРОЗОВА»

Е.А.МАКЛАКОВА, А.А.ИЛУНИНА

ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК. АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ к практическим занятиям

для студентов по специальности 23.05.01 Наземные транспортно-технологические

ВОРОНЕЖ

2019

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носителями изучаемого иностранного языка, так и с представителями других стран, использующими данный язык как средство общения;

г) сформированность умения использовать иностранный язык как средство для получения информации из иноязычных источников в образовательных и самообразовательных целях.

2.2. Студент по результатам освоения дисциплины «Иностранный язык» должен обладать следующими компетенциями:

а) общепрофессиональными (ОПК):

- готовностью к коммуникации в устной и письменной формах на русском и иностранном языках для решения задач профессиональной деятельности (ОПК- 2);

2.3 В результате освоения дисциплины студент должен: Знать:

Иностранный язык в объеме, необходимом для изучения аутентичной профессиональной литературы и поддержания беседы на профессиональные темы.

Уметь:

Использовать иностранный язык в межличностном общении и профессиональной деятельности.

Владеть:

Навыками выражения своих мыслей и мнения в межличностном и профессиональном общении на иностранном языке; навыками извлечения необходимой информации из оригинального текста на иностранном языке по специальности.

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vehicles. For inner city delivery of small packages and documents bike couriers are

transport by road like rickshaws or velo-taxis may also be locally available. There are also specialist modes of road transport for particular situations, such as ambulances.

Trucking companies (AE) or haulage companies / hauliers (BE) accept cargo for road transport. Truck drivers operate either independently – working directly for the client – or through freight carriers or shipping agents. Some big companies (e.g. grocery store chains) operate their own internal trucking operations. In the U.S. many truckers own their truck (rig), and are known as owner-operators. Some road transportation is done on regular routes or for only one consignee per run, while others transport goods from many different loading stations / shippers to various consignees.

On some long runs only cargo for one leg of the route (to) is known when the cargo is loaded. Truckers may have to wait at the destination for the return cargo (from). A bill of lading issued by the shipper provides the basic document for road freight. On cross-border transportation the trucker will present the cargo and documentation provided by the shipper to customs for inspection (Schengen Agreement for EC). This also applies to shipments that are transported out of a free port.

To avoid accidents caused by fatigue, truckers have to keep to strict rules for drive time and required rest periods. In the United States and Canada, these regulations are known as hours of service, and in the European Union as drivers working hours. One such regulation is the Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention, 1979. Tachographs record the times the vehicle is in motion and stopped. Some companies use two drivers per truck to ensure uninterrupted transportation; with one driver resting or sleeping in a bunk in the back of the cab while the other is driving.

Truck drivers often need special licenses to drive, known in the U.S. as a commercial driver's license. In the U.K. a Large Goods Vehicle license is required. For transport of hazardous materials (dangerous goods) truckers need a license, which usually requires them to pass an exam (e.g. in the EU). They have to make sure they affix proper labels for the respective hazard(s) to their vehicle. Liquid goods are transported by road in tank trucks (AE) or tanker lorries (BE) or special tank containers for intermodal transport. For unpackaged goods and liquids weigh stations confirm weight after loading and before delivery. For transportation of live animals special requirements have to be met in many countries to prevent cruelty to animals (animal rights). For fresh and frozen goods refrigerator trucks or reefer (container)s are used.

In Australia road trains replace rail transport for goods on routes throughout the center of the country. B-doubles and semi-trailers are used in urban areas because of their smaller size. Low-loader or flat-bed trailers are used to haul containers, see containerization, in intermodal transport.

3. Continue the sentences:

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1.In many countries…

2.The nature of road transportation of goods…

3.For short distances…

4.For large shipments…

5.For inner city delivery…

6.There are also…

7.Some road transportation…

8.This also applies to…

9.On cross-border transportation…

10.To avoid accidents…

11.For transport of hazardous materials…

12.Some companies use…

4.Put ten general questions to the text and give short answers to them.

5.Write the summary of the text in English.

6.Choose the right variants and fill in the gaps:

A) In the past three months, we _________ more new cars in China than in any other country.

The board urgently requires feedback on your experience with PCs in Northern Branch. I need to know for my report:

1.What do you personally use your PC for and your reasons for doing this?

2.What software do you use? Please, name the programs.

3.How many hours per day do you spend actually using it.

4.How has not your PC come up to your expectations?

5.What unanticipated uses have you found for your PC, that others may want to share?

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Please FAX this information directly to me by 7 p.m. on Wednesday 7 December. Thank you for your help.

SECTION 2

1. Learn the words and word combinations:

TRAFFIC CONTROL

Nearly all roadways are built with devices meant to control traffic. Most notable to the motorist are those meant to communicate directly with the driver. Broadly, these fall into three categories: signs, signals or pavement markings. They help the driver navigate; they assign the right-of-way at intersections; they indicate laws such as speed limits and parking regulations; they advise of potential hazards; they indicate passing and no passing zones; and otherwise deliver information and to assure traffic is orderly and safe.

Two hundred years ago these devices were signs, nearly all informal. In the late 19th century signals began to appear in the biggest cities at a few highly congested intersections. They were manually operated, and consisted of semaphores, flags or paddles, or in some cases colored electric lights, all modeled on railroad signals.

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In the 20th century signals were automated, at first with electromechanical devices and later with computers. Signals can be quite sophisticated: with vehicle sensors embedded in the pavement, the signal can control and choreograph the turning movements of heavy traffic in the most complex of intersections. In the 1920s traffic engineers learned how to coordinate signals along a thoroughfare to increase its speeds and volumes. In the 1980s, with computers, similar coordination of whole networks became possible.

In the 1920s pavement markings were introduced. Initially they were used to indicate the road's centerline. Soon after they were coded with information to aid motorists in passing safely. Later, with multi-lane roads they were used to define lanes. Other uses, such as indicating permitted turning movements and pedestrian crossings soon followed.

Besides signals, signs, and markings, other forms of traffic control are designed and built into the roadway. For instance, curbs and rumble strips can be used to keep traffic in a given lane and median barriers can prevent left turns and even U-turns.

In the 20th century traffic control devices were standardized. Before then every locality decided on what its devices would look like and where they would be applied. This could be confusing, especially to traffic from outside the locality. In the United States standardization was first taken at the state level and late in the century at the federal level. Each country has a Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) and there are efforts to blend them into a worldwide standard.

3.Put ten special questions to the text.

4.Continue the sentences:

1.Most notable to the motorist…

2.They help the driver…

3.In the late 19th century…

4.Signals can be…

5.Initially they were used…

6.Soon after…

7.Later,…

8.Besides signals, signs, and markings,…

9.For instance,…

10.In the 20th century…

11.Each country has…

5.Write down the key words of the text.

6.Write а summary of the text in English and present it in a form of a report.

7.Choose the right variants and fill in the gaps:

A) ___________________are usually coordinated and timed with the speed limit.

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B) New equipment _____________ since then, which helps us gather real-time

b) I have published my article in last issue. d) OK. Let us go to the club.

.

D) In the United States _____________, federally mandated fuel efficiency standards have been debated regularly.

8. Fill in the gaps in the Memo choosing the proper word combinations:

1.____________: All members of staff, Central Branch

2.____________: George Pratt

3.____________: 5 December 2008

4.____________: PC USAGE

The board urgently requires feedback on your experience with PCs in Central Branch. I need to know for my report:

1.What do you personally use your PC for and your reasons for doing this?

2.What software do you use? Please, name the programs.

3.How many hours per day do you spend actually using it.

4.How has not your PC come up to your expectations?

5.What unanticipated uses have you found for your PC, that others may want to share?

Please FAX this information directly to me by 5 p.m. on Wednesday 7 December.

If you have any queries, please contact my assistant, Jane Simmons, who will be visiting you on Tuesday, 6 December.

Thank you for your help.

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