3) The Direct Object

A.

smb smth	need want	doing smth
smb	(can) avoid (can) afford (can) stand (can) help

I couldn’t avoid speaking to her. I couldn’t help laughing. The coat needs pressing.

B.

to be worth to hate

doing smth

The film is worth seeing.

C.

to admit to remember to deny to mind to like to love to enjoy to suggest

having done having been done doing smth being done

I don’t mind waiting. I remember having been asked this question. She resented being treated in that rude way.

Exercise 4. Translate into English. Use patterns A, B, C:

1. Терпіти не можу чекати. 2. Чи не будете такі добрі закрити двері? 3. Це варто читати? 4. Я не можу дозволити собі купити цю дорогу річ. 5. Вона нічого не мала проти того, щоб зайти ще раз.

4) The Prepositional Object

to accuse to approve (disapprove) to be afraid to be ashamed to be capable to be fond to be proud to be tired to suspect smb to think	of	having done having been done doing smth being done
to object to get used to look forward to prefer…	to
to be engaged to be interested to consist to persist to result to succeed to spend	in
to apologise to be sorry to be grateful to be responsible to be ready to thank smb to blame smb	for
to depend to insist	on
to be clever to be surprised to be good (bad) to be pleased	at
to be busy	with
to prevent smb	from

Exercise 5. Fill in the blanks with prepositions. Use pattern A:

1. After all I’m personally responsible … bringing you back safe and sound. 2. They positively insisted … visiting all the rooms. 3. At last I succeeded … backing the car into the parking place. 4. What are your reasons to accuse her taking the papers? 5. Everything depends … being on the spot. 6. I thanked him again … lending me the car. 7. The author vigorously objected … being misquoted. 8. They are particularly clever … finding the faintest traces of fingerprints. 9. Are you thinking … leaving already? 10. Nothing could prevent her … buying it on the spot.

5) The Attribute

intention plane idea point sense purpose habit good harm mistake difficulty way opportunity hope

of doing smth

I have no intention of discussing this question. I don’t like his habit of making people wait.

B.

There is no (little) Smb sees no

sense harm difficulty point danger

in doing smth

There is no harm in asking her again.

Exercise 6. Translate into English. Use patterns A, B:

1. У мене не було мети дозволити їй робити цю справу. 2. Наші шанси отримати обід були дуже малі. 3. У мене не було нагоди запитати про це. 4. Не буде ніяких труднощів в тому, щоб знайти місце, де зупинитися. 5. Вчений приїхав сюди з однією метою — знайти докази своєї теорії. 6. Мало сенсу в тому, щоб відмовитися від їхньої допомоги.

6) The Adverbial Modifier

on after before by through (because of) without in spite of in while

doing smth

On seeing the teacher students came up to him. We master our knowledge by reading.

Exercise 7. Use the gerund as an adverbial modifier instead of the subordinate clause.

Model: You will discuss it when I leave. — You will discuss it after my leaving (or: on my

leaving)

She left and didn’t say good-bye. — She left without saying good-bye.

1. When I came home, I sat down to work. 2. When he entered the room, he greeted everybody. 3. After he had slept for an hour, he was awaked by a noise. 4. When he caught a fish, he prepared breakfast. 5. When I found that he had left I felt sorry for him. 6. She wrote a letter though she didn’t know his address. 7. The pupil translated the text and didn’t consult a dictionary.

7) Part of a Compound Verbal Predicate

to begin to start to go on to keep to continue to cease to stop to postpone to give up

doing smth

They went on laughing.

Exercise 8. Translate into English. Use pattern A:

1. Не залишайте роботу із-за мене. 2. Коли ви почнете обговорювати статтю? 3. Хлопець продовжував посміхатися. 4. Я почав турбуватися. 5. Коли він почав говорити так грубо, я перестав слухати. 6. Люди продовжували приходити.