Chiasm.

Combines parallel structures and inversion. The second construction is the inverted structure of the first sentence. Wilde O.- the importance of being earnest- miss fearfax, ever since I met you I have admired you more than any girl… I have met… since I met you.

Climax (Gradation)

Another syntactical figure of speech, which makes use of the design of parallel constructions. In a Climax each next word is logically more important, emotionally stronger and the most forceful component comes the last. E.g. better to borrow, better to beg, better to die. Several types of gradation:

Logical G- is based on the relative importance of its parts. Each next part being more forceful from the point of view of the speaker. E.g. Is it a shark- said Broady, the possibility that he at last was going to confront the fish, the beast, the monster, the nighmare maid Broadies heart bump.

U r beautiful, magical, lyrical

Old mcdonald had a farm

Vera polozkova

Лооооось! У нас с тобой что-то не срослооооось

Рыыыыысь! У нас с тобой все было за…

Если вас трамвай задавит

вы конечно вскрикните

Раз задавит, два задавит

1 1 the notion of expressive means and std

2reported speech as a std

2 1lexical std based on a peculiar use of phraseology

2antithesis as a std

3 1the notion of the norm and the literary language

2graphical means in the printed text in fiction

4 archaisms and historical words and their stylistic function

Ellipsis as a std

5 different points of view in the nature of stds

Metonymical stds

6 direct and indirect speech as literary devices of rendering human speech

Metaphor as a std

7 the notion of the functional style (the newspaper style, the scientific style)

Question-in-the narrative as a std

8 stylistic differentiation of the voc

Hyperbole and understatement as stds

9 ways of expressing human speech in fiction

Phonetic expressive means and stds

10 the written language, its lexical and syntactical properties

Inversion as a std, types of inversion

11 special bookish voc (terms, poetic diction)

Antonomasia and synecdoche as stds

12 special bookish voc (neologisms, archaic words)

Oxymoron and zeugma stds

13 special bookish voc (barbarisms, foreign words)

Climax & anticlimax as stds

14 non-literary voc (slang & professional words)

Types of repetition

15 the semantic structure of a word & types of connotation

Periphrasis & euphemism as stds

16 lexical stds based on interaction of two meanings of a word

Rhetorical question and litotes as stds

17 lexical stds based on the intensification of a certain feature of an object

Inversion and detachment as stds

18 syntactical stds based on the structural transformation of the utterance

Pun and semantically false chain as stds

19 syntactical stds based on a specific arrangement of the units of the utterance

Irony as a std

20 the notion of the functional style, the problem of the belle-lettres and the colloquial styles

Repetition through the text and metonymical repetition as stds

www.e-lingvo.net

w.h. auden

he was my North, my South, my east and west

my working week, my Sunday rest

let bygones be bygones

a good mixer

last straw

to stick together

serve right

realization of metaphor

metonymy- insignificance of the subject

we know nothing about the subject