St Differentiation of vocabulary.

The word stock of any lang can be divided into 3 groups different from each other by the sphere of its possible use.

1. Neutral words. Possess no st connotation, they’re suitable for any communicative situation.

They’re unrestricted in their use.

2. Literary layer of use. Serves to satisfy communicative demands of scientific, ethique messages. These words have no dialectical character.

3. Colloquial layer of words. Employed in non-official everyday communication. Their usage is associated with oral form of communication.

Literary and coll are divided into general bulks used by most native speakers in generalized literary (formal) and coll (informal) communication. The special bulks are subdivided into subgroups, each one serving a specified purpose.

Subgroups of literary words: terms (denoting objects, processes, phenomena of science), archaisms (denoting historical phenomena which are no more in use- vassal, yeoman. these are historical words used in poetry in the 17-19^th centuries such as- steed- horse, woe- sorrow). In the course of lang history they were replaced by synonymic words- to deem-to think, nay-no. though wilt- you will. These are called archaic words proper. Barbarisms.- words of foreign origin which have not entirely been assimilated in English

Subgroup of the colloq. Slang- highly emotive and expressive and lose their originality rather fast and replaced by newer formations. Gargonisms. Are also substandard, expressive and emotive but unlike slang they are used by limited groups of people united either professionally or socially. Vulgarisms. Coarse word with a strong emotive meaning normally avoided in polite conversations. Dialectical words. Normative and devoid of any st meaning in original dialects. But use outside of them carries a strong flavor of the locality where they belong.

TERMS.

One of the essential characteristics of a term is its highly conventional character. A T is generally very easily coined(создавать) and accepted and this new coinage easily replaces outdated words. A T unlike other words directs the mind to the essential quality of the thing, phenomenon or action as seen by the scientist in the light of his or her conceptualization . Ts are much easily substituted by other terms than simple words by other words. Ts belong to the st of lang of science but they may appear in other styles. In literature their primary function is to create the necessary professional background of characters. Ts may create ironical, sarcastic, humorous connotations especially when they are used to describe everyday situations. With the increase of general education and the expansion of technique to satisfy the overgrowing needs and desires of mankind many words that were once Ts have lost their quality as Ts and have passed into the common literary or even neutral voc. This process is called determanization.

Poetic and highly literary words.

Poetic words form a rather insignificant layer of the special literary voc. They’re mostly archaic or very rarely used. They’re usually used to produce an elevated effect. They have a marked tendency to detach themselves from the common literary word stock and gradually assume the quality of terms for poetic diction. Not all English poets make use of poetisms and poetical terms. In the history of English literature there were periods characterized by protests against the use of poetic words. The most common formation is by compounding. Sometimes poetic words and set expression make the utterance understandable only to a limited number of readers.