Appendix 1 Writing an Abstract

Steps.

1. The aim and methods of the research.

2. Characteristics of the research.

3. The results of the work.

Phrases.

1. This paper presents (discusses, illustrates, describes, contrasts, explores, shares one’s experience in, investigates, introduces,, seeks to develop, advocates, gives a short overview of)…

2. This paper is an attempt to…

3. In this paper we survey…

4. The author presents (discusses, proposes, studies, generalizes, conceives, has tried to ensure)…

5. The initial purpose of study was…

6. It is pointed out that…

7. It is argued that…

8. Our concern in this paper is to show…

9. Special attention is devoted to…

10. The main focus is on…

11. The effectiveness of this method has been confirmed…

12. The described method is applicable to…

13. The method requires…

14. The method can be regarded as…

15. Finally…

16. Thus…

17. The paper ends with the discussion…

18. Experimental results are presented…

19. The main result is…

20. The results indicate / are presented / based on…

21. Conclusions are drawn

22. The study summarizes the results…

23. The main contribution of the present work is…

Appendix 2 List Of Acronyms

• 1G - First Generation Cellular Networks

• 2G - Second Generation Cellular Networks

• 3G - Third Generation Cellular Networks

• 3GPP - 3rd Generation Partnership Project

• 4G - Fourth Generation

• AMPS - Advanced Mobile Phone System

• CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access

• CDPD - Cellular Digital Packet Data

• D-AMPS - Digital AMPS

• EDGE - Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution

• GGSN - Gateway GPRS support node

• GPRS - General packet Radio Service

• GSM - Global System for mobile communication

• HSCSD - High Speed circuit switched Data

• IMT - International Mobile Telecommunications

• ITU - International Telecommunication Union

• NA-TDMA - North American Time Division Multiple Access

• NMT - Nordic Mobile Telephony

• PCS - Personal communication services

• PDC - Personal Digital Cellular

• SGSN - Service GPRS Support Node

• TD-SCDMA - Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access

• UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

• W-CDMA - Wideband CDMA

Contents

Unit 1 …………………………………………………………… 7

Unit 2 …………………………………………………………… 25

Unit 3 …………………………………………………………… 49

Unit 4 …………………………………………………………… 72

Unit 5 …………………………………………………………… 93

Unit 6 ………………………………………………………….... 115

Vocabulary and Grammar 1-6. Revision. …………………….… 125

Unit 7 ………………………………………………………...… 132

Unit 8 …………………………………………………………... 156

Unit 9 ………………………………………………………..…. 182

Unit 10 ……………………………………………………….… 206

Vocabulary and Grammar 7-10. Revision. ……………………...222

Appendix 1 ……………………………………………………… 229

Appendix 2 ……………………………………………………… 230

Appendix 3 ……………………………………………………… 232

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Сальная Лейла Климентьевна

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Ответственный за выпуск Сальная Л.К.

Редакторы: Кочергина Т.Ф., Проценко И.А..

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