- •1. Formulate the basic approaches for the definition of the concepts of science and scientific knowledge. Сформулируйте основные подходы к определению понятий наука и научное знание.
- •2. Identify the features of science. Сформулируйте отличительные признаки науки.
- •3. Relate the science as a system, its features and structure. Расскажите о науке как
- •4. Consider the development of science. Рассмотрите процессы развития науки.
- •5. Formulate the goals and objectives of science. Сформулируйте цели и задачи науки.
- •6. Relate about the subjects and objects of science. Расскажите о субъектах и объектах науки.
- •7. Consider the classification of sciences. Рассмотрите классификацию наук.
- •8. Relate the characteristics of modern science. Расскажите о характерных особенностях современной науки.
- •9. Relate the aims and objectives of the researches and their classification on various
- •10. Formulate the basic requirements for scientific research. Сформулируйте основные
- •11. Relate the forms and methods of scientific research. Расскажите о формах и методах научного исследования.
- •12. Examine the theoretical level of research and its main elements. Рассмотрите теоретический уровень исследования и его основные элементы.
- •13. Consider the level of empirical research and its features. Рассмотрите эмпирический уровень исследования и его особенности.
- •14. Relate the stages of research. Расскажите об этапах научно-исследовательской работы.
- •15. Relate the correct organization of research work. Расскажите о правильной организации научно-исследовательской работы.
- •16. Relate the methodology of scientific knowledge and its levels. Расскажите о методологии научного знания и ее уровнях.
- •17. Consider the methods, techniques and procedures of scientific knowledge. Рассмотрите методы, способы и методики научного знания.
- •18. Examine the classification of scientific methods of cognition. Рассмотрите
- •19. Consider the general logical, theoretical and empirical methods of research. Рассмотрите общелогические, теоретические и эмпирические методы исследования.
- •20. Relate the features of the formulation of research issue. Расскажите об особенностях формулирования темы научного исследования.
- •21. Specify the criteria applicable to the issue of scientific research. Сформулируйте
- •22. Relate the problem statement of research and its stages. Расскажите о постановке проблемы исследования и ее этапах.
- •23. Consider the features of determining of the goals and objectives of the study. Рассмотрите особенности определения целей и задач исследования.
- •24. Relate the planning of scientific research. Расскажите о планировании научного исследования.
- •26. Describe the subjects and objects of scientific study. Охарактеризуйте субъекты и объекты научного исследования.
- •27. Interpretation of the basic concepts used in the research work. Интерпретация основных понятий, используемых в научно-исследовательской работе.
- •28.Relate the development of the plan of research and its kinds. Расскажите о разработке плана научно-исследовательской работы и его видах
- •29. Consider peculiarities of the analysis of theoretical and experimental studies. Рассмотрите особенности проведения анализа теоретико-экспериментальных исследований.
- •30. Consider the features of conclusions stating based on the results of research work.
- •31. Consider the concepts of information and scientific information. Рассмотрите понятия информация и научная информация.
- •32. Consider the properties of scientific information. Рассмотрите свойства научной
- •33. Formulate the basic requirements for scientific information. Рассмотрите основные требования, предъявляемые к научной информации.
- •34. Relate the sources of scientific information and their classification on various
- •35. Relate the working with sources of information. Расскажите о работе с источниками информации.
- •36. Relate the Universal Decimal Classification. Расскажите об универсальной
- •37. Relate the features of bookwork as a source of scientific information. Расскажите об особенностях работы с книгой как источником научной информации.
- •38. Рассмотрите особенности ведения записей при работе с источниками научной информации.
- •39. Holographic analysis as a method of processing of scientific information.
- •40. Content analysis as a method of processing of scientific information. Контент анализ
- •41. Critical analysis as a method for processing scientific information. Критический
- •42. Comprehensive (complex) analysis as a method for processing scientific information. Комплексный анализ как метод обработки научной информации.
- •43. Review analysis as a method of processing of scientific information. Обзорный
- •44. The method of analysis as a method for processing scientific information. Метод анализа как метод обработки научной информации.
- •45. The method of deconstruction as a method of treatment of scientific information.
- •46. Axiomatic method as a method of treatment of scientific information. Аксиоматический метод как метод обработки научной информации.
- •47. Method of apperception as a method of treatment of scientific information. Метод апперципирования как метод обработки научной информации.
- •48. Diachromatic method as a method of treatment of scientific information. Диахроматический метод как метод обработки научной информации.
- •49. Aspect (facet) analysis as a method of processing of scientific information. Аспективный анализ как метод обработки научной информации.
- •50. Hermeneutical analysis as a method of treatment of scientific information.
- •51. Systems analysis as a method for processing scientific information. Системный анализ как метод обработки научной информации.
- •52. Functional analysis as a method for processing scientific information.
- •53. Relate the features of patent research. Расскажите об особенностях патентных исследований.
- •54. Consider the sequence of work in the conducting of patent research. Рассмотрите последовательность работы при проведении патентных исследований.
- •55. Consider the process of implementing of the research work and its stages.
- •56. Relate the effectiveness of research. Расскажите об эффективности научных исследований.
- •57. Consider the main types of efficiency of scientific research. Рассмотрите основные виды эффективности научных исследований.
- •58. Relate the cost-effectiveness of the implementation of research developments. Расскажите об экономической эффективности от внедрения научно-исследовательских разработок.
- •59. Consider the evaluation of the effectiveness of research. Рассмотрите оценку эффективности исследований.
- •60. Consider the basic structural elements in the design of research work. Рассмотрите основные структурные элементы при оформлении научно-исследовательской работы.
- •61.Consider the basic ways to write text on the results of research work. Рассмотрите основные способы написания текста по результатам научно-исследовательской работы.
- •62. Consider the language and style of scientific and technical language. Рассмотрите язык и стиль научно-технической речи.
- •63. Consider the basic requirements for the design of tables, charts, formulas and references according to gost 7.32-2001.
- •64. Consider the basic requirements for the writing, design and defend of abstracts and reports on the results of research work.
- •65. Consider the basic requirements for the writing, design and defend of course assignment on the results of research work.
- •66. Consider the basic requirements for the writing, design and defend of master thesis.
- •67. Consider the characteristics of the organization of work in the research groups. Рассмотрите особенности организации работы в научном коллективе.
- •68. Relate the integration of science in the educational process. Расскажите об интеграции науки в учебном процессе.
23. Consider the features of determining of the goals and objectives of the study. Рассмотрите особенности определения целей и задач исследования.
The major steps in conducting research are:Identification of research problem,Literature review,Specifying the purpose of research,Determine specific research questions,Specification of a Conceptual framework - Usually a set of hypotheses,Choice of a methodology (for data collection)
Data collection,Analyzing and interpreting the data,Reporting and evaluating research,Communicating the research findings and, possibly, recommendations
Most researches begin with a general statement of the problem, or rather, the purpose for engaging in the study. Preparatory stage includes: choice of topic ; justification for the research on it , the definition of hypotheses , goals and objectives of the research , development plan or program of research , preparation of research tools ( instruments ) .Initially formulated research topic and justify the reasons for its development . by means of preliminary acquaintance with literature and materials of previous studies it turns out, the extent to which issues and what are the themes studied the results. Particular attention should be paid to issues for which answers exist or are inadequate The planning of scientific research
1) the formulation of the problem or the theme of the scientific research,
2) the definition of the object and the subject of the study,
3) the definition of aims and tasks of the researches,
4) the interpretation of the basic concepts,
5) the formulation of the working hypotheses.
The object of study is social phenomenon or process, which consists a contradiction and creates problem situation. The object of study answers the question: what is considered?
The subject of the study is the most significant a property, a party, a feature of the object that should be studied. For example, if the theme of research is devoted to the formation mechanism of monetary
24. Relate the planning of scientific research. Расскажите о планировании научного исследования.
Planning research work is essential for its efficient organization.
Research organizations and educational institutions develop a work plan for the year based on the target complex programs, long-term scientific and technical programs, business contracts and applications for research submitted by customers.
The scientific work of the departments of educational institutions organized and conducted in accordance with the work plans for the academic year.
Professors, lecturers and graduate students carry out research work on individual plans.
Planned and scientific-research work of students.
Work plans of educational institutions and departments may contain the relevant sections of SRWS. According to the plans work student scientific circles and problem groups.
In research and educational institutions on the topics of research work makes work programs and schedules their execution.
In the preparation of monographs, textbooks, manuals and lectures, plans, prospects of these works.
Plans are intelligence, analytical (descriptive) and experimental.
Reconnaissance plan applies if the object and subject of study no clear ideas and to push hard working hypothesis.
The purpose of such a plan - Update topics (problems) and the formulation of hypotheses.
Usually it is used when there is no literature on the subject or eeochen little.
Descriptive plan is used when you can select an object and subject of study and formulate a descriptive hypothesis.
The purpose of the plan - to test this hypothesis, describe the facts characterizing the object of study.
The experimental plan includes conducting social (legal) experiment. It is used when formulated scientific problem and an explanatory hypothesis.
.25. Relate the development of the work program of scientific research and its structure. Расскажите о разработке рабочей программы научно исследования и ее структуре.
The plan of the program of experiment includes name of a subject of research; working hypothesis, experiment technique, list of the necessary materials, devices, installations; list performers, planned schedule and estimate. The technique of experiment it’s a system of receptions or ways for consecutive, most effective implementation of experiment.
The technique includes purpose and problems of experiment, choice of the varied factors, justification of means and number of measurements, description carrying out experiment, justification of ways of processing and analysis results of experiment.
For the success of scientific research it is necessary to organize, plan and execute in sequence. These plans and sequence of actions depend on the type, the object and purpose of scientific research. So, if it is held on technical topics, the first major developed preplanning document - a feasibility study, and then carried out theoretical and experimental studies, compiled scientific and technical report and the results of introduced into production. Stages of research:
1) preparation;
2) theoretical and empirical research;
3) Work on the manuscript and its design;
5) implementation of the results of scientific research. It seems necessary first give a general characterization of each stage of the research, and then a closer look at those who are important to perform research students.
Preparatory stage includes: choice of topic; justification for the research on it, the definition of hypotheses, goals and objectives of the research, development plan or program of research, preparation of research tools (instruments).
Initially formulated research topic and justify the reasons for its development by means of preliminary acquaintance with literature and materials of previous studies it turns out, the extent to which issues and what are the themes studied the results. Particular attention should