Glossary

English	Russian	Kazakh
egg yolk	яичный желток	жұмыртқаның сарысы
daffodils	нарциссы	нәркестер
coincidence	совпадение	сәйкес келу
marigold	ноготки	тырнақтар
excessive	чрезмерный	шамадан тыс
reflectance	коэффициент отражения	шағылысудың коэффициенті
jaundice	желтуха	сары ауру
pestilence	мор	iндет

Blue

Blue is the favorite color of all people. It’s nature’s color for water and sky, but is rarely found in fruits and vegetables. Today, blue is embraced as the color of heaven and authority, denim jeans and corporate logos. It is cold, wet, and slow as compared to red’s warmth, fire, and intensity.

Blue has more complex and contradictory meanings than any other color. These can be easily explained by pinpointing by the specific shade of blue.

Dark blue: trust, dignity, intelligence, authority Bright blue: cleanliness, strength, dependability, coolness. The origin of these meanings arise from the qualities of the ocean and inland waters, most of which are more tangible.)

Light (sky) blue: peace, serenity, spiritual, infinity. The origin of these meanings is the intangible aspects of the sky.)

Most blues convey a sense of trust, loyalty, cleanliness, and understanding. On the other hand, blue evolved as symbol of depression in American culture. “Singing the blues” and feeling blue” are good examples of the complexity of color symbolism and how it has been evolved in different cultures.

Blue's global similarities are significant. Blue is the favorite color of all people.

53% of the flags in the world contain blue. Blue is the most commonly used color in corporate identity. A dark blue suit is professional business attire. Blue jeans are worn all over the world. Aristocracy is blue-blooded in all European languages.

Unique Meanings of Blue in Different Cultures

Greeks believe that blue wards off "the evil eye. The English “to feel blue” has no equivalent in other languages while in German “blau sein” (literally: to be blue) means to be drunk or in Russian “голубой” (literally: light blue) means to be homosexual. Dark blue is the color of mourning in Korea. The god Krishna has blue skin. Shades of blue are described as shallow or deep instead of light or dark in China.

Blue is for a baby girl; pink for a baby boy in Belgium. “Prince Charming” is called “The Blue Prince” in Italy and Spain.

Designing with Blue

Blue ranks so high as a favorite color that you can’t go wrong if you use blue. However, blue can be over-used and may wind up a design cliché if used alone. Combining blue with another color creates a more creative effect.

Blue is sharply refracted by the eyes. This causes the lens to flatten and to push the blue image back. We perceive that blue areas are receding and smaller.

The same refraction causes visual fog if used excessively in interior spaces.

U nfortunately, there are many “pseudo studies” that suggest that blue rooms can calm or depress people. Under closer scrutiny none of these have stood up. However, there’s lots of money to be made telling people otherwise.

Blue has very few connections to taste or smell. Therefore it may act as an appetite suppressant.

Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

1. What kind of colour is blue?

2. Why people like blue colour?

3. Does it have any meanings in different cultures?

4. What does this colour represent in design?

5. Does combination of blue with other colours create any effect?