Increase your vocabulary:

Siberia	[saI'bIqrIq]	Сибір
Gymnasium	[GIm'eIzIqm]	гімназія
alcohol	['xlkqhOl]	спирт
initiator	[I'nISIeItq]	ініціатор
Society	[sq'saIqtI]	гурток
era	['Iqrq]	ера
row	[rqu]	ряд
upper	['Apq']	верхній
layer	['leIq']	шар, пласт
atmosphere	['xtmqsfIq']	атмосфера

Dmytro Ivanovych Mendeleyev, the great Russian scientist and the father of the Periodic Table of Elements, was born in Tobolsk, Siberia, in 1834. He received a secondary education at the Tobolsk Gymnasium and at the age of 16 he entered St. Petersburg Pedagogical Institute and *graduated from it successfully. Then he received his Master’s degree in Сhemistry. Some years later, he received his Doctor’s degree for a work on the combination of alcohol with water.

Since 1866 during 25 years he was the professor of Chemistry in St. Petersburg, where he delivered lectures in theoretical, organic and technological chemistry. In 1868 he was one of the initiators of Russian Chemical Society.

Mendeleyev’s greatest discovery was the periodic law, one of the main laws of natural sciences. He published “Principles of Chemistry” that opened a new era in the history of chemistry.

Mendeleyev described more than 60 elements and found that all the elements could be divided into nine groups. Each of these groups may be divided into 5 rows. In 1869 Mendeleyev published his Periodic Table of Elements which began a new era in chemistry.

He also paid much attention to many subjects. He was the first to propose the idea of studying the upper layers of the atmosphere. Mendeleyev wrote more than 500 works. He made much for the progress of science, industry and agriculture, but only nowadays many of his ideas were put into practice.

In 1893 he was appointed the first Director of Board of Weights and Measures. He was elected the member of many academies abroad.

In February 1907 Mendeleyev died of pneumonia.

He was engaged in scientific research to the very last day of his life.

Notes:

* graduated from – закінчив (університет)

* Мaster’s degree – ступінь бакалавра

* to deliver lectures – читати лекції

* periodic law – періодична таблиця

* Board of Weights and Measures – палата мір та ваги

* to be engaged - бути залученим

Questions about the text:

1. When and where was Mendeleyev born?

2. Wnen did he enter the Institute of Pedagogy?

3. When did he become Master of Science in Chemistry?

4. For what did he receive his Doctor’s degree?

5. What did he discover?

6. Did he make much to the progress of science, industry and agriculture?

7. When did he die?

Summary

D.I. Mendeleyev was a great Russian scientist. He was born in Tobolsk in 1834. At 16 he entered the Institute of Pedagogy in St. Petersburg. At 23 he became Master of Sciences in Chemistry. Some years later he received his Doctor’s degree (for the work of combination of alcohol with water). During 25 years Mendeleyev was the professor of Chemistry. He wrote many works in organic and inorganic Chemistry. He discovered the Periodic Law-one of the main Laws of natural Sciences. Mendeleyev made great contribution to the theory of solutions and patrolium extraction. He made much to the progress of science, industry and agriculture.

PHARMACY AS A SCIENCE