UNIT 2

HOME, SWEET HOME

Focus on

Use of English

Grammar

Singular and Plural Nouns

Some/Any/No

Much/Many/A lot

There is/are

Further Practice: Articles, Numbers

Possessive’s/s'

Demonstrative Pronouns

(The) other(s)/Another

Prepositions of Place

Reading Accommodation

Speaking Location

Social English Greetings

USE OF ENGLISH

Grammar

Singular and Plural Nouns

Countable		Uncountable
Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
a book a friend a bus a dish a watch a box a potato a tomato a photo a party a country a boy a day	books friends buses dishes watches boxes potatoes tomatoes BUT! Photos parties countries boys days	work homework advice information news water/milk/wine bread cheese butter jam chocolate salt	___
a loaf	loaves BUT: roofs, chiefs, safes, proofs	money paper mathematics physics statistics	___
Irregular forms:
a woman a man a child a person a tooth a foot a mouse	women men children people teeth feet mice

Exercise 1. Make Singular Nouns Plural and Plural Nouns Singular.

1) students 2) a dictionary 3) colleges 4)a person 5) a photo

6) a hobby 7) a teenager 8) a city 9) universities 10)a boy

11) an orange 12) a foot 13) men 14) games 15)an exercise

16) children 17) a potato 18) shelves 19) a match

Exercise 2. Make up your own sentences with the following words.

Example: fresh/egg - It's a fresh egg.

hot/tea - It's_ hot tea.

Pam and Liz/kind/girl - Pam and Liz are kind girls.

1) cold/water 2) John and I/tall/man 3) rather good/advice 4) Tom and Bill/clever/child

5) nice/cup 6) quite bad/news 7) Frank and Andrew/smart/person 8) white/bread

Much/many/a lot

Much	Many	A lot
in negative sentences and in questions with Uncountable Nouns much coffee much money	in negative sentences and in questions with Countable Nouns many people many books	in positive sentences with Countable and Uncountable Nouns a lot of furniture a lot of languages

Some/any/no

Some	Any	No
with Uncountable Nouns or Countable Plural Nouns to express quantity in positive sentences “+” There is some milk in the fridge. There are some people in the street.	with Uncountable Nouns or Countable Plural Nouns to express quantity in negative sentences “-“ and in questions “?” There isn't any milk in the fridge. Is there any milk in the fridge? There aren't any people in the street. Are there any people in the street?	= not any to express quantity in negative sentences “-“There is no milk in the fridge. There are no people in the street.

Exercise 3. Use many, much with the following words.

1) tea 2) country 3) river 4) snow

5) child 6) information 7) day 8) food

9) money 10) advice 11) shop 12) letter

13) person 14) town

There is/are p ositive sentence

There	is	a pen and two books	on his desk.
	are	two books and a pen

Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the right form of the verb to be.

Example: There is a book and two pens on the table. There are two pens and a book on the table.

1. There ___ two men at the door.

2. There ___ a good clothes shop not far from here.

3. There ___ a lot of people at the concert today.

4. There ___ a policewoman over there.

5. There ___ a dog and a cat in the garden.

6. There ___ no money in my bank account.

7. There ___ four people in my family.

8. There ___ no news from my friends.

Negative sentence

There	is not (isn't)	an	armchairs	in his livingroom.
	are not (aren’t)	any
	(are)	(no)

Exercise 5. Rewrite the following sentences with no.

1. There aren't any pictures on the walls.

2. I'm afraid there isn't any coffee left.

3. There isn't any news from her.

4. There aren't any chairs in the kitchen.

Exercise 6. Complete the sentences with some, any or no.

1. "Where's Pete?" - "He's at the party with ___of his friends."

2. There's ___information about that accident in today's newspaper.

3. There aren't cheese sandwiches on the plate but here're ___ham sandwiches.

4. There are ___ beautiful flowers in the park.

5. There are ___ posters on the wall, but there are___ pictures.

6. There aren't ___ shops in this part of the town.

7. There's ___ tea in the teapot. It's empty.

8. There are ___ mistakes in Ralph's test. It's excellent.

Exercise 7. Complete the sentences with much, many, a lot of.

1. This part of the road is very difficult for drivers. There is ___sand on the road.

2. It is a modern town. There aren't ___old buildings.

3. The cupboard is quite large. There is ___space for plates and glasses.

4. There aren't ___women's colleges at Oxford. Only five.

5. There isn't ___food in the fridge.

6. There is ___interesting information in this book.

7. There aren't ___tourists here this year.

Exercise 8. Change these sentences from the positive into the negative.

Example: There are a lot of people in the street. - There aren't many people in the street.

There are some envelopes on my desk. - There aren't any envelopes on my desk. There are no envelopes on my desk.

There is a pencil on your chair. - There isn't a pencil on your chair.

1. There are some good shops in my neighbourhood.

2. There is a lot of furniture in the flat.

3. There is a cup on the kitchen table.

4. There are some flowers in the vase.

5. There is a lot of paper on the floor.

6. There is a mistake in this translation.

7. There are some postcards and photographs on the shelves.

8. There is a lot of useful information in this magazine.

G eneral questions				Short answers
Is	there	a library	nearby?	Yes, there is (one). / No, there isn’t.
Are		any shops		Yes, there are (some). / No, there aren’t (any).

Exercise 9. Make these sentences into general questions.

Example: There is a good film on TV in the evening. - Is there a good film on TV in the evening?

There are some letters in the mail box. - Are there any letters in the mail box?

There are a lot of beautiful buildings there. - Are there many beautiful buildings there?

1. There is always a lot of traffic in the city in the rush hour.

2. There are some books on the shelf.

3. There are a lot of people without jobs in India.

4. There's a TV serial every day.

5. There are some wonderful paintings in the National Gallery.

6. There's a new restaurant down the street.

7. There are no books or newspapers in his briefcase.

8. There are some cars in the parking area.

Exercise 10. Complete the sentence with there’s, there are, is there or are there.

Example: ___a beach down here. - There's a beach down here.

___ four girls and two boys in her family. - There are four girls and two boys in her family.

___ a telephone in the flat? - Is there a telephone in the flat?

1. ___ a train to Manchester?

2. ___ a new disco near the college.

3. ___ a good restaurant in this street?

4. ___ two hospitals in this town.

5. ___ many children in the pool?

6. ___ three families in that house.

7. ___ a television in the flat?

8. ___ a big grey cloud over there.