Unit iі

Pre-reading task

Discuss the following questions:

1. What international aviation organizations do you know?

2. Is Ukraine a member of any international aviation organizations?

Task 1. Read the text to understand what information is of primary importance or new for you. Remember the names of different international official and professional organizations.

United Nations (UN) – Організація Об’єднаних Націй (ООН)

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) – Міжнародна організація цивільної авіації

European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) – Європейська конференція з питань цивільної авіації

International Air Transportation organization (IATA) - Міжнародна організація цивільного транспорту

Air Cargo Forwarders Association – Асоціація Вантажних Відправників

International Air Traffic Controllers Association – Міжнародна асоціація авіадиспетчерів

Private Pilot Association – Асоціація приватних пілотів

Women in Aviation – Жінки в авіації

Legal matters in civil aviation

There exist a good number of different international official and professional organizations such as the International Air Traffic Controllers Association, the Air Cargo Forwarders Association, the Private Pilot Association, the Women in Aviation and the like. For example, the International Air Transportation organization (IATA) is a voluntary, non-political and democratic organization that is open to any operators licensed to promote air service by a government of any Contracting States – members of the ICAO. The IATA helps all airlines to find joint solution to problems beyond the resources of a single company. It knits individual networks into a worldwide public service system, despite differences of language, currencies, laws and measurement items.

Among these organizations there is one international organization which works within the framework of the United Nations and consists of 187 Contracting States. This is the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO for short). It was founded in 1944 at the Conference of 52 countries that was held in Chicago. This Conference adopted the Convention on International Civil Aviation that became the main legislative basis for the development of international civil aviation.

The Preamble to the Convention states:

“WHEREAS the future of international civil aviation can greatly help to create and preserve friendship and understanding among the nations and people of the world, yet its abuse can become a threat to the general security; and

“WHEREAS it is desirable to avoid friction and to promote that cooperation between nations and peoples upon which the peace of the world depends;

“THEREFORE, the undersigned governments having agreed on certain principles and arrangements in order that international civil aviation may be developed in a safe and orderly manner and that international air transport services may be established on the basis of equality of opportunity and operated soundly and economically;

“Have accordingly concluded this Convention to that end.”

The Convention describes the principles of the ICAO structure and operation. The countries, members of the ICAO, are called Contracting States. The highest legislative power belongs to the Assembly that meets every three years, and representatives of aviation authorities of all Contracting States take part as equal active voting participants. In the period between Assemblies the highest executive power is in the hands of the Council which is headed by the President. The Secretary General manages the daily work of the Secretariat. The Headquarters of the ICAO is in Montreal, Canada.

The specific branches of activities are under the authority of the Commissions (Navigation, Legislative, Personnel Training and Licensing, Financial and others). The ICAO has established 6 regional offices in different parts of the world in order to facilitate smooth and effective activities. In Europe the ICAO branch is called European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) which is responsible for the implementation of the prescribed International Standards and Recommended practices (SARPs).

The Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation has been amended by 18 Annexes that contain the regulatory information on specific problems. For example, Aircraft Operation. In recent years the aviation industry has been the emergence of worldwide attacks against the safety and security of the traveling public, airlines and aircraft. Acts of unlawful interference have also occurred at airports and airline facilities.

The ICAO publishes “ICAO Bulletin” (a monthly journal) which contains necessary information for aviation specialists.

Ukraine joined the International Civil Aviation Organization in 1991 and ratified all main legislative and regulatory documents of the ICAO.

Task 2. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions. Memorize them. Use them in the context of your own.

країни, що домовляються, оберігати, виконання, вносити поправки, втручання, загроза, передмова, непередбачений випадок, сприяти, зловживання, розходження, учасник, головне управління.

Task 3. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for:

to promote air service, Contracting States, worldwide public service system, threat to the general security, to avoid friction, to facilitate smooth and effective activities, implementation of the prescribed standards.

Task 4. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the ICAO?

2. When was the ICAO created?

3. What does the Convention deal with?

4. What are the spheres of the ICAO activities?

5. What international organizations does the text mention?

Task 5. Read the text below and comment on the cases investigated by Nolan Law Group. Give your opinion concerning the solution of the following cases.