Билет № 1. Новейшее изобретение в области науки и техники.

I think that robots one of the most interesting and useful inventions of our time. Term robot began using Karel Capek in play about machines which looked like humans and did their jobs.

There are 3 categories of robots: film stars (A2D2, Threepio), industrial, household.

Now robots are actively used in factories. They look like a machine with metal arms maintained on a base. Arm can bend, rotate and slide. The hand may be a welder, a scoop, a spray, a claw. Some robots are mobile, some fixed. It depends on their function.

In addition there is a more advanced models of robots. They are controlled by computer, they can be reprogrammed and play back memory. They have senses: vision, hearing, taste, touch, smell.

On the one hand robots are useful. They do not get tired, working without holidays, and coffee breaks. Are not affected by heat and cold, noise, fumes, radiation. On the other hand robots can not adapt to change. Universal use of robots can lead to unemployment.

I think that robots can not completely replace people. They will always be under our control.

Билет № 2. Экологические проблемы нашей страны.

Now environment is in the big danger in Russia. There are many types of pollution; they are water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and so on. The main pollutants are cars, oil refining, machine-building and chemical factories. So the central regions of Russia are the most contaminated.

Factories throw out a lot of by-products into the air, water and soil. So the environment contains many harmful substances: dust, smoke, soot, car exhausts and so on. These pollution are influence health of people. For example dust and smoke cause respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, lung cancer, asthma, consumption. As a result people cough and eyes water. Besides pollutions makes harm to flora and fauna and even buildings.

Also there exists noise pollution in the modern world. Noise comes from the transport, factories, mobile phones and people. From the constant noise, people often suffer from headache, become nervous.

To solve all these problems people should create the cooperation. Such problems should be solved together.

The saving of the forest is the first step in solving the environmental problems. Besides all factories should be use filters, purifying systems and wasteless production. Products such as plastics should be sent for recycling and reused.

We should keep the natural environment, because the earth is our big home.

Билет № 5. История возникновения. Структура пнипу.

I will speak about history of Perm National Research Polytechnic University.

It was founded in 1953 as the Mining Institute. In 1960 it was renamed it into the Polytechnic Institute. In 1090s it got a status of University. Recently the University became the National Research Technical University.

Today it is the leading educational institution in the Western Urals.

University consists of many buildings. The main building is situated in the October square. The Civil Engineering faculty is in the separate building in Kyibishev Street.

Our University has the University campus in a pine wool on the right bank of the Kama river.

The head of our University is Rector. All faculties are headed by Deans. There are 11 of them. They are Civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and avers. The first rector was Dedjukin.

The University has the Lyceum and a pre-liminary courses for applicants.

Upon completion of the 5-year University course a Higher National Diploma of Technology is a warded. Some students continue research in postgraduate courses. Starting this year, students learn four or six years, after which receive International Diploma. These students are called bachelors and masters.

The University has the best teaching staff. There are 1200 professors, associate professors, lecturers and teachers. Some of them have scientific degrees.

I’m glad that I study at this University.