- •I. Health Service in the usa and gb
- •1. What are the levels of Health Service in the usa
- •2. What parts does the nhs in gb consist of?
- •3. Do patients and doctors have any choice in gb?
- •4. What kinds of medical institutions are there in gb?
- •5. When did “Medicare” and “Medicaid” start? What for?
- •6. Is Health Service in gb free or not? What do people pay for?
- •7. What problems are there in gb and the usa?
- •II Infectious diseases
- •14. What is the chikenpox?
- •15. Wgat is diphtheria?
- •16. What is tuberculosis?
- •17.Describe the etiology and clinical picture of tuberculosis
- •18. Treatment tuberculosis
- •IV Cardio-vascular diseases
- •26. Speak on the heart and its structure?
- •27. Describe the blood circulation and heart work in the human body.
- •28 Name and define the most common cardio-vascular diseases
- •29. When does Myocardial Infarction happen? What can be cause of it?
- •It happens when there coronary occlusion takes place. The caused ne or more arteries supplying the heart muscle with blood becomes narrowed by a blood clot.
- •30. What are the most characteristic complaints in Myocardial Infarction?
- •31. What are the most prominent symptoms of Hypertension?
- •32. What are the most frequrnt complications of Hypertension?
- •V Diseases of blood
17.Describe the etiology and clinical picture of tuberculosis
Symptoms include chest pain, coughing up blood, and a productive, prolonged cough for more than three weeks. Systemic symptoms include fever, chills, night sweats, appetite loss, weight loss, pallor, and fatigue.
18. Treatment tuberculosis
Treatment for TB uses antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Effective TB treatment is difficult, due to the unusual structure and chemical composition of the mycobacterial cell wall, which makes many antibiotics ineffective and hinders the entry of drugs. The two antibiotics most commonly used are isoniazid and rifampicin. However, instead of the short course of antibiotics typically used to cure other bacterial infections, TB requires much longer periods of treatment (around 6 to 24 months) to entirely eliminate mycobacteria from the body.
III AIDS
19. What is AIDS? What is its cause? What do you know about it?
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) - is a pathological condition that is characterized by decrease of immune protection.
20. When was the cause of AIDS found? Whom by?
The diagnosis of AIDS appeared in 1981 in US and 1984 in the USA the cause was finally found. Lucc Montagnier and Robert Gallo discovered a virus they called HIV/Human Immunodeficiency virus.
21. What does HIV afflict in the human body?
The HIV affects it is target cells, an affected cell begins to produce new generations of virus particles and so the disease spreads.
22. How many periods are there in AIDS flow? Name them
There are 6 periods in AIDS flow.
The 1 period is - infatction, 2 period is incubations last 2-3 weeks, 3 period is a so-called acute AIDS, 4 period is - the latent, hidden period {prolong for up 15 years}, 5 period is pre-AIDS, 56 - is AIDS itself -one slowly dies of any cause infarction or invasion.
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What are the ways of getting AIDS virus in to human body?
The ways AIDS virus gets into human body are the following.
It can come with infected blood or blood preparations. The else is the sexual way (while any intercourse). Everybody has to be aware of it. The last it the way throught placenta, milk and delivery waters.
24. What rules should one follow to reduce the risk of being infected with AIDS?
1) to take preventive measures during the sexual relations - to use condons
2) not to use drugs
3) during the blood transfusion and medical procedures it's necessary to use disposable needles and syringes and sterile instruments.
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Speak on the possible prophylaxis and treatment of AIDS patients?
The three main transmission routes of HIV are sexual contact, exposure to infected body fluids or tissues, and from mother to fetus or child during the perinatal period. It is possible to find HIV in the saliva, tears, and urine of infected individuals.
Anti-retroviral treatment of infected patients also significantly reduces their ability to transmit HIV to others, by reducing the amount of virus in their bodily fluids to undetectable levels.
Unfortunately, there is no vaccine against AIDS . We are unable to protect ourselves from this terrible disease by conventional medical methods. Therefore, the surest way to prevent AIDS is still a healthy lifestyle. The first prevention- using male and female condoms during sex act.