- •1.Geographical position of the usa
- •3.Canadian culture;traditions,customs and public holidays.
- •5.Subjunctive Mood
- •6.The grammatical categories of Noun
- •8.The classification of sentences according to their structure
- •9.The classification of sentences according of the purpose of the communication
- •11.Classification of synonyms
- •12.Classification of homonyms
- •13.The productive ways of coining new words in Eng.
- •14.The translation equivalents and types of context.
- •15.The translation transformations and their types
- •16.The unit of translation
- •17.The translation of equivalent lacking units
- •18.The groups of stylistically marked vocabulary
- •24.The Norman Conquest and its impact on the lang.Situation
- •30.The modification of English vowels and consonants
- •1.Compare teacher’s profession with others. Advantages/disadvantages. Why do you want to be a teacher?
- •6.Why sports are so popular in our country. Your attitude.
- •7.Express your preferences of travelling(as a tourist)
- •8.Which place of interest have you visited or want to in uk?London?Why?
- •9. Which place of interest have you visited or want to in Ukraine?London?why?
- •14.Review of the film you have seen lately.
- •Clean Air
- •Clean Water
- •Clean Land
- •19.Compare the system of secondary education in gb and Ukraine.
- •23.Freedom of press.
- •25.Specific holidays in Ukraine.Gb, the usa?
- •26.Most famous people in Ukraine.Their achievements.
- •1.Jk rowling
- •30.What would you do to prevent children of having bad habits?
8.The classification of sentences according to their structure
The sentence is the immediate integral unit of speech built up words according to a definite syntactic pattern and distinguished by a contextually relevant communicative purpose.From the point of view of their structure sentences can be divided into: two-membered (double-nucleus); one-membered (single-nucleus); complete; incomplete; simple; composite (compound, complex).
Simple sentences. Two-membered sentence contains two principle parts – the subject and the predicate. (Fleur had established immediate contact with an architect).
A two-membered sentence can be complete and incomplete. It is complete when it has a subject and a predicate (Young John could not help smiling). It is incomplete when one of the principal parts or both of them are missing, but can be easily understood from the context. Such sentences are called elliptical and they are mostly used in colloquial speech and especially in dialogue (Where were you yesterday? At the cinema).
One-membered sentence have only one principal part (Dusk – of a summer night).
Simple sentences, both two-membered and one-membered can be unextendedand extended. A sentence consisting only of the primary or principle parts is called an unextended sentence. She is a student. Birds fly. Winter!
An extended sentence is a sentence consisting of the subject, predicate and one or more secondary parts (objects, attributes, adverbial modifiers). The two native woman stole furtive glances at Sarie.
Composite sentence is formed by two or more predicative groups. Being a polypredicative construction, it expresses a complicated thought reflecting two or more elementary situational events.
Each predicative unit in a composite sentence makes up a clause in it that corresponds to a separate sentence as a part of a contextual sequence.
Composite sentence displays two principal types of the connection of clauses –subordination and coordination.
According to the traditional view, all composite sentences are to be classed into:compound sentences (coordinating their clauses),complex (subordinating their clauses).
A compound sentence is a sentence which consists of two or more clauses coordinated with each other. In a compound sentence the clauses may be connected:
1) syndetically, i.e. by means of coordinating conjunctions (and, or, else, but, etc.) or conjunctive adverbs (otherwise, however, nevertheless, yet, still, therefore, etc.)
E.g. The darkness was thinning, but the street was still dimly lighted.
2) asyndetically, i.e. without a conjunction or conjunctive adverb.
E.g. The rain fell softly, the house was quiet.
The main semantic relations between the clauses connected coordinativety are copulative, adversative, disjunctive, casual, consequental, resultative.
A complex sentence is a polypredicative construction built up on the principle of subordination. Clauses in a complex sentence may be linked in two ways:
1) Syndetically, i.e. by means of subordinating conjunctions or connectives.
E.g. more and more, she became convinced that some misfortune had overtaken Paul.
2) Asyndetically, i.e. without a conjunction or connective.
E.g. I wish you had come earlier.
A subordinate clause may follow, interrupt or precede the principal clause.
According to the grammatical function subordinate clauses can be divided into: subject, predicative, object and adverbial (of time, place, purpose, cause, condition, concession, result, manner, comparison)