- •Health is above wealth.
- •What do doctors do?
- •What's the diagnosis?
- •What does the doctor prescribe?
- •What would you say if the doctor asked you the following questions?
- •16. Learn the following:
- •17. Which is the odd one out in each group, in terms of the main word stress? Use a dictionary if you are not sure about the words.
- •18. Which of these collocations are normal, and which are not normal?
- •Now fill the gaps using the expressions above.
- •21.What do you know about alternative medicine? Learn the new words and use them in the sentences of your own.
- •Acupuncture chiropractic herbal medicine
- •22. Listen to the radio programme about holistic medicine.
- •23. Why would you be given the following to help make you better? What do you do with it?
- •25. Transcribe the following words to avoid possible
- •26. Match the words with their definitions:
- •28. What do we call the type of alternative medicine which...
- •30. Complete these sentences with words from the box. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •31. Here are four pictures of things to do with health and medicine. Can you match them with the labels?
- •33. Translate the sentences. Learn the medical metaphors:
- •34. Study the words and their definitions. Translate the examples into Ukrainian:
- •35. Complete the word formation table. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •36. The medical words in the box below can also be used in a metaphorical way. Fill the gaps in the following text using these words. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •37. Asking about Health
- •2. Comprehensive questions:
- •3. Language focus
- •4. Choose the right form
- •5. Fill the blanks with the words below. You may need to change the form о the words. Each word can be used only once.
- •10. Choose the correct answer.
- •11. Hands up!
- •12. Body. Give names of the bodily organs indicated in the picture below.
- •13. All eyes
- •15. Body. Match the following parts of the body with the jumbled definitions on the right.
- •16. Body
- •18. Explain the meanings and give the context of the following idioms:
- •19. Body. Complete the sentences .
- •21. Read, the sayings and explain them. Find Ukrainian equivalents to them
- •24. Complete these conversations in a suitable way.
- •25. Answer these questions about yourself. If possible, ask another person the same questions.
- •28. Give English equivalents for the following words:
- •29. Here is a list of injuries. Look them up in your dictionary to check the meaning and the pronunciation, and fill in the chart. Use your imagination to think of a cause for the injuries.
- •30. Injuries. Crossword puzzle.
- •31. Injuries. Choose the correct answer.
- •32. Injuries. Choose the right answer.
- •2. Transcribe the following words to avoid possible mispronunciation and miscommunication in future:
- •3. Language focus
- •5. Choose the correct answer.
- •6. The following problems and pieces of advice have got all mixed up. Can you match them correctly?
- •7. Choose the right answer.
- •9. Complete the sentences below with a preposition (from, on, with, etc.).
- •10 Health. Fill in the right words.
- •11. Health. Choose the right answer.
- •12. Health. Fill in the English translation of the word(s) in brackets.
- •16. Diet. Choose the right answer.
- •17. Diet. Fill in the blanks with the words below. You may use each word only once.
- •Special Diets
- •18. Diet. Choose the correct answer.
- •Examination Fever
- •21. Give the Ukrainian names of the following diseases:
- •22. Diseases. Choose the correct answer.
- •26. Diseases. Fill the blanks with the words below. You may use each word only once.
- •27. Symptoms. Match the following symptoms of disease with their definitions.
- •28. Symptoms. Choose words from the group below to complete the sentences.
- •It may be necessary to change the form of the given words.
- •29. Symptoms. Choose the correct answers.
- •30. Symptoms. Choose the right answer.
- •31. Symptoms. Choose the correct form.
- •32. Symptoms. Choose the correct form.
- •34. Patients. Choose the right answer.
- •35. Patients. Choose the right answer.
- •36. Patients. Choose the right answer.
- •37. Smoking. Choose the right answer.
- •38. Doctors
- •39. Specialists. Where can you find these patients? Match the patients with the correct wards or departments.
- •40. Specialists. Give the name of the people defined below.
- •43. Specialists. What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychoanalyst?
- •44. Drugs. In most cases drugs are
- •46. Drugs. Choose the right answer.
- •47. Drugs. Fill the blank with the right word from the list below. You may use each word once only.
- •48. Drugs. Choose the right answer.
- •Тільки те, що призначив лікар?
- •50. Drugs. Fill the blanks with the right word from the list below. You may use each word only once.
- •52. Drugs. Fill the blanks with the words from the list. You may need to change the form of the words. You may use each word once only.
- •53. Drugs. Choose the right answer.
- •54. Think ahead. Look at the title and guess what the article is about.
- •Three out of every 10 women
- •55. Comprehension check.
- •56. Language focus
- •10 Rules For Weight loss.
- •65. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. Learn sport and fitness metaphors.
- •68. Just What the Doctor Ordered. Translate and learn the following idioms.
- •70. Be a Good Sport
- •71. Explain the meanings and give the context of the following idioms:
- •3. Comprehensive questions:
- •4. The text contains quite a few words whose pronunciation could pose difficulty. Transcribe the following words to avoid possible mispronunciation and miscommunication in future:
- •5. Language Focus
- •6. Find synonyms or near synonyms for the following words, and write sentences to explore their associations.
- •7. Enrich your vocabulary:
- •9. Explain the contextual meaning of the words in bold and translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word from the topical vocabulary, making any necessary changes.
- •15. In small groups discuss your answers to these questions by using as many of the ways of giving opinions and agreeing and disagreeing as you can.
- •17. Choose the best option from the alternatives a or b
- •18. Listening
- •4. Look at the paragraph headings in the article and make some notes on what the text might be about. Compare your ideas with the class before reading the article.
- •5. What do you think?
- •7. Language focus
- •Vocabulary :
- •10. Which of the sports are these people probably talking about?
- •Verbs and their collocations in the context of sport
- •15. Give names for the illustrated sports.
- •16. Match the following sports with the right pictures.
- •17. Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases from the list below.
- •19. Match the names of the footballers with their position on the
- •20. Choose the right answer.
- •21. Complete these expressions using the things on the right.
- •22. Fill in the table matching the sports with the right kinds
- •23. Give the names for the illustrated ways of swimming.
- •24. Horse riding. Match the words with the right numbers in the
- •25. Indicate which equipment is used in the following
- •26. Choose the correct answer.
53. Drugs. Choose the right answer.
1.The label said "It is dangerous to ….. the stated dose".
a) exceed b) infringe c) overdo d) repeat
2. What you need is a good rest, so I think a holiday would be more ….. than giving you more drugs.
a) benefaction b) beneficial c) benefiting d) benevolent
3. In Britain women who are pregnant are ….. from prescription charges.
a) exempt b) freed c) free d) released
4. I always take …. aspirin when I have a headache.
a) fluid b) molten c) soluble d) runny
5. Poisons should be kept in a place that is ….. to children.
a) impracticable b) inapplicable c) inaccessible d) unavailable
6. The medicine should be ….. with a little water.
a) diluted b) reduced c) thinned d) weakened
7. Alcoholic drinks have a ….. effect on many people.
a) sedate b) sedative c) sedentary d) sedimentary
8. Did you get any …… effects when you were taking those tablets?
a) backwash b) subsequent c) subsidiary d) side
9. Many drugs are not ….. to the public without a doctor's prescription.
a) acceptable b) available c) permissible d) reliable
10. People who distribute drugs like heroin can have no ….. at all.
a) conscience b) consciousness c) goodness d) moral
11. I took the doctor's prescription to the chemist's to be made….. .
a) for b) into c) out d) up
12. It seems that medical science is of discovering a cure for cancer.
a) on the corner b) an the edge c) on the rim d) on the verge
54. Think ahead. Look at the title and guess what the article is about.
Reading. Read the article through once, quickly, to see if you
guessed correctly.
The deadly risk facing
Three out of every 10 women
Every year, a staggering 50,000 deaths are caused by high blood pressure. But because it has few symptoms most of us have no idea we could be affected.
We're all well aware that high blood pressure or hypertension is something we should worry about. But for three out of 10 of you reading this article, the reality is far more serious. You could already have high enough blood pressure to put you at very real risk of potentially fatal conditions such as heart disease and stroke.
The tragedy according to the experts, is that lack of awareness means many people are suffering and dying needlessly 'If everyone's blood pressure was controlled - and with the right treatment it can be in nearly every case - we could prevent around 100,000 strokes and heart attacks and 50,000 deaths every year,' says Graham MacGregor, Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine at St. George’s Hospital and Chairman of the Blood Pressure Association.
A major World Health Organisation study found half of all cardiovascular diseases are caused by high blood pressure. If you ask the average woman what her blood pressure reading is, however, she probably won't have the faintest idea .If you know yours, you should congratulate yourself as you're in the minority. In fact, according to a recent Gallup poll, almost three-quarters of the people interviewed had no idea what their blood pressure level was, and only a scant 16% knew what a healthy reading should be.
High blood pressure rarely has any external symptoms, all the damage is internal, as the force of blood pumping at high pressure through your arteries strains your heart and weakens your blood vessels. The result is damaged, clogged arteries, which increases your risk of heart and kidney disease and makes you six times more likely to have a stroke or heart failure as your heart struggles to pump adequate supplies of oxygenated blood around the body.
On the face of it, controlling your blood pressure should be simple. Regular checks to identify those who have high or borderline pressure, together with medication or lifestyle changes to lower it, would be effective for most of us. Yet an incredible 80% of those with high blood pressure aren't being treated for it. 'The reasons are complex,' says Professor MacGregor 'Some haven't been tested, as there's no national screening programme . Some are tested and aren't concerned enough to make lifestyle changes or take any medication. Others aren't being given the correct medication.'
While some GPs certainly need to be more alert to the dangers of high pressure. Professor MacGregor believes the onus is really on us. “We have to face the fact that half of us are going to have a stroke or heart attack.’, he says. “It’s time individuals took more responsibility for their own blood pressure. The only way you’ll know if it’s high or not is to have it measured. So make an appointment with your doctor and get it checked. Find out what the figures mean, and if your blood pressure is on the high side, talk to your doctor about ways to lower it.
Assess your risk
Hypertension rarely has any symptoms and anyone can be at risk, but some groups are more susceptible and should be extra vigilant. Your risk is higher if;
You have a family history of high blood pressure, strokes or heart attacks
You’re overweight, eat too much salt, take little exercise, drink too much alcohol, and have a low intake of fruit and vegetables
You have diabetes, kidney disease or heart disease
You’re black or South Asian. Research suggests that black people are more sensitive to salt in the diet and have a higher risk of stroke, while South Asians have a higher risk of diabetes and heart attack
When checked, your blood pressure was at the higher end of the normal range.
And if your blood pressure is still high?
For some people lifestyle changes will be enough to reduce blood pressure to a safe level, but others will need drugs that help open up the blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to function effectively or work through the brain to lower the body’s blood pressure. Once you start medication, you’ll be taking it for life, but there’s strong evidence that, as long as your blood pressure is well controlled, it will reduce your risk of stroke, heart attacks and heart failure.
DO YOU NEED TO WORRY?
Blood pressure - the force of blood against the artery walls - is measured in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg) and recorded as two numbers: the systolic pressure (the pressure as the heart beats) over the diastolic pressure (as the heart relaxes between beats). Both numbers are important, but research has shown that it's the systolic pressure that reflects the damage to the arteries.
HIGH
140/90
Your blood pressure is considered to be high if it's at this level.
NORMAL
120/80
If your blood pressure is in the normal range - around 120/80 or below - you should have it checked every three or four years.
RAISED
130/85
You should be concerned if your blood pressure is in the upper range of normal -130/85. Even at this level, your risk of a stroke or heart attack increases threefold, and the Blood Pressure Association recommends that you have your pressure checked annually. If you have hypertension, your doctor will check it more frequently.
KEY WAYS TO PROTECT YOURSELF
You can't change your genes but you can change your lifestyle, and that alone could be enough to keep your blood pressure down. Even if it's normal, you should take steps to keep it that way. Blood pressure tends to rise with age. 'Not as an inevitable result of getting older,' says Professor MacGregor, 'but almost entirely as the result of eating an unhealthy, salt-laden diet.'
Eat less salt
Research shows that too much salt causes a rise in blood pressure, and the more salt you eat, the higher the rise. A US study found that cutting salt by a third reduced blood pressure in people with both high and normal blood pressure. Most of us eat twice as much salt as we need - around 10-12g daily, when we should be aiming for 5-6g or less. So replace salt in cooking with herbs and spices for flavour and avoid processed food, which accounts for 75% of the salt in our diet . Other high-salt food includes bread, some breakfast cereals, processed meat such as sausages and bacon, soups, ready-prepared meals and takeaways. Check labels for the sodium or salt content, or for other sodium molecules like monosodium glutamate or sodium bicarbonate. To work out the sodium content, divide the salt content by two and a half, low sodium is 0 3g per 100g or under.
Become more active
Research shows that exercise can prevent or delay the development of hypertension and reduce high blood pressure. As well as lowering blood pressure, exercise will help to strengthen your heart, reduce levels of harmful LDL cholesterol and help boost beneficial HDL cholesterol.
Maintain a healthy weight
Being overweight makes your circulatory system and your heart work harder and raises blood pressure. Research shows that if you re overweight, losing just 10lbs can help reduce blood pressure and make medication more effective.
Eat seven to nine servings of fruit and vegetables every day
The Blood Pressure Association says we should eat more than the standard five portions a day of fruit and veg as, besides helping to protect arteries against a build-up of fatty deposits, they're a rich source of potassium (particularly bananas, dried fruit, melons and avocados), which helps lower blood pressure.
Drink sensibly
It's not yet clear how alcohol affects blood pressure, but we do know drinking large amounts causes it to rise. Women should have no more than two or three units daily, avoid binge drinking and spread their alcohol consumption through the week
Manage your stress
The link between stress and high blood pressure is still unclear - stress certainly causes a transient increase in blood pressure, but the question of whether chronic stress contributes to hypertension remains controversial. However, research by Canadian scientists has shown that stress management counselling helped to reduce blood pressure in both men and women with hypertension.
Know your levels
If you’ve no idea what your blood pressure is, don't wait for your doctor to suggest a check - ask for one yourself.