М.Н.Аргунов и др. Ветеринарная токсикология с основами экологии

ɟɦ, ɱɢɯɚɧɶɟɦ, ɤɚɲɥɟɦ, ɫɥɟɡɨɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ, ɧɚɫɦɨɪɤɨɦ, ɨɛɳɢɦ ɧɟɞɨɦɨɝɚɧɢɟɦ (ɜɩɥɨɬɶ ɞɨ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ – ɩɪɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɟ).

Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɭɳɟɪɛ ɧɚɧɨɫɢɬ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɭ, ɝɞɟ ɨɧɚ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɚɞɟɠɚ ɫɤɨɬɚ, ɧɨ ɢ ɜ ɩɨɬɟɪɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ, ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɨɬ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ, ɫɚɦɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɤɢɞɵɲɟɣ, ɛɟɫɩɥɨɞɢɹ, ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɥɚɤɬɚɰɢɢ (ɯɜɨɳɢ, ɦɨɥɨɱɚɢ, ɩɨɜɢɥɢɤɚ). ɀɢɜɨɬɧɵɟ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɢɡɛɟɝɚɸɬ ɩɨɟɞɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɝɨɪɶɤɢɣ ɜɤɭɫ, ɪɟɡɤɢɣ ɡɚɩɚɯ ɢ ɬ.ɞ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɢ «ɧɟɨɩɵɬɧɨɝɨ» ɦɨɥɨɞɧɹɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ, ɩɟɪɟɜɟɡɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɧɟɡɧɚɤɨɦɭɸ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɝɨɥɨɞɚɧɢɢ ɫɤɨɬɚ (ɩɪɢ ɞɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɧɚɯ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚɯ), ɩɨɟɞɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɹɧɨ ɜɤɭɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ (ɩɨɥɵɧɢ, ɩɢɠɦɚ, ɩɢɪɟɬɪɭɦɵ, ɦɨɠɠɟɜɟɥɶɧɢɤɢ, ɬɚɛɚɤ), ɫɤɚɪɦɥɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ (ɠɦɵɯɚ ɫɟɦɹɧ ɤɥɟɳɟ-

ɜɢɧɵ, ɝɨɪɱɢɰɵ, ɯɥɨɩɱɚɬɧɢɤɚ, ɦɹɤɢɧɵ ɝɪɟɱɢɯɢ), ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɟɪɧɚ, ɫɢɥɨɫɚ ɢ ɫɟ-

ɧɚ. ɑɚɫɬɨ ɝɢɛɟɥɶ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɟɞɚɧɢɢ ɜɵɛɪɨɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɭɤɟɬɨɜ, ɩɪɨɩɨɥɨɬɵɯ ɫɨɪɧɹɤɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɪɟɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɟɬɨɤ, ɩɪɨɫɭɲɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɵɪɶɹ, ɬɚɛɚɤɚ, ɜɵɪɚɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɰɜɟɬɧɢɤɚɯ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ, ɢ ɬ. ɞ.

Ɋɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɧɵ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵ ɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵ, ɨɧɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɭ ɢ ɧɟɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ, ɚ ɩɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ ɧɟɬ.

ɉɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɭ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɧɵ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ 12 ɝɪɭɩɩ.

1-ɹ – ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ, ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɚɡɨɬ, ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞ, ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞ, ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɢ ɨɧɢ, ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɛɟɫɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɧɵɟ – ɠɢɞɤɢɟ. Ⱥɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ ɢɯ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ, ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɧɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɫɨɥɟɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ: ɳɚɜɟɥɟɜɨɣ, ɦɨɥɨɱɧɨɣ, ɥɢɦɨɧɧɨɣ, ɹɛɥɨɱɧɨɣ, ɹɧɬɚɪɧɨɣ, ɨɧɢ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ, ɱɬɨ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɢɯ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɦɢ. Ɋɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɨɜ ɧɚɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ 700.

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Ⱥɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɯ: ɚɤɨɧɢɬɵ, ɛɟɡɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɢɤɢ,

ɟɠɨɜɧɢɤɢ, ɦɚɤɢ, ɝɟɦɟɪɢɰɢɬɵ, ɬɚɛɚɤ, ɛɨɥɢɝɨɥɨɜ ɩɹɬɧɢɫɬɵɣ, ɛɟɥɟɧɚ ɱɟɪɧɚɹ, ɱɟɪɧɨɤɨɪɟɧɶ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ, ɛɭɬɟɧɶ ɨɩɶɹɧɹɸɳɢɣ, ɞɭɪɦɚɧ ɢ ɞɪ.

2-ɹ – ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ, ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɧɵ, ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɤɚɤɨɣ-ɥɢɛɨ ɫɚɯɚɪ: ɝɥɸɤɨɡɭ, ɮɪɭɤɬɨɡɭ, ɝɚɥɚɤɬɨɡɭ, ɦɚɥɶɬɨɡɭ ɢ ɞɪ. ɨɧɢ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ: ɝɥɢɤɨɧɵ – ɫɚɯɚɪɚ ɢ ɚɝɥɢɤɨɧɵ – ɨɱɟɧɶ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɭ ɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ. ȼɫɟ ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɦɭ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɭ ɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ 4 ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ: ɚ) ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ ɫ ɚɝɥɢɤɨɧɚɦɢ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɚɡɨɬ (ɧɢɬɪɢɥ ɢɥɢ ɰɢɚɧɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ). ɉɪɢ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɪɚɫɩɚɞɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɚɹ ɫɢɧɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ (ɛɨɛɨɜɢɤ, ɥɟɧ ɞɢɤɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɫɟɜɧɨɣ, ɬɪɢɨɫɬɪɟɧɧɢɤ ɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ, ɦɚɧɧɢɤ, ɥɸɰɟɪɧɚ, ɤɥɟɜɟɪ, ɩɪɨɫɨ, ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɫɨɪɝɨɜɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɪ.); ɛ) ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ ɫ ɚɝɥɢɤɚɧɚɦɢ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɦɢ ɚɡɨɬ ɢ ɫɟɪɭ (ɝɨɪɱɢɱɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɬɢɨɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ), ɩɪɢ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɸɬ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɷɮɢɪɧɨɟ ɝɨɪɱɢɱɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɨ (ɩɨɥɟɜɚɹ ɢ ɩɨɫɟɜɧɚɹ ɝɨɪɱɢɰɚ, ɪɚɩɫ, ɪɟɞɶɤɚ, ɫɭɪɟɧɢɰɚ, ɹɪɭɬɤɚ ɢ ɞɪ.); ɜ) ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ ɫ ɚɝɥɢɤɚɧɚɦɢ ɛɟɡ ɚɡɨɬɚ, ɨɧɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (ɝɨɪɢɰɜɟɬ, ɥɚɧɞɵɲ, ɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɥɭɤ, ɧɚɩɟɪɫɬɹɧɤɚ, ɯɚɪɝ ɢ ɞɪ.); ɝ) ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ ɫ ɚɝɥɢɤɚɧɚɦɢ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɦɢ ɫɚɩɨɧɢɧɵ. ɋɚɩɨɧɢɧɵ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɵ (ɝɜɨɡɞɢɱɧɵɟ (41 ɜɢɞ), ɛɨɛɨɜɵɟ (41), ɩɟɪɜɨɰɜɟɬɧɵɟ (40), ɥɸɬɢɤɨɜɵɟ (30), ɥɢɥɟɣɧɵɟ (36), ɪɨɡɨɰɜɟɬɧɵɟ, ɩɚɫɥɟɧɨɜɵɟ).

3-ɹ – ɝɥɢɤɨɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ - ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ ɫ ɚɝɥɢɤɚɧɚɦɢ ɦɨɧɨ-, ɞɢ-, ɬɪɢ- ɢ ɞɚɠɟ ɬɟɬɪɚɫɚɯɚɪɚ (ɝɥɸɤɨɡɚ, ɝɚɥɚɤɬɨɡɚ, ɤɫɢɥɨɡɚ, ɪɚɦɧɨɡɚ). ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ 14 ɝɥɢɤɨɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɨɜ, ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɢɡɭɱɟɧ ɫɨɥɨɧɢɧ (ɩɚɫɥɟɧ ɱɟɪɧɵɣ, ɫɥɚɞɤɨ-

ɝɨɪɶɤɢɣ, ɤɚɪɬɨɮɟɥɶ).

4-ɹ – ɬɨɤɫɚɥɶɛɭɦɢɧɵ, ɢɦɟɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɛɟɥɨɤ (ɤɥɟɳɟ-

ɜɢɧɚ, ɤɨɪɚ ɛɟɥɨɣ ɚɤɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɫɟɜɞɨɚɤɚɰɢɢ (ɪɨɛɢɧ), ɜ ɫɟɦɟɧɚɯ ɮɚɫɨɥɢ (ɮɚ-

ɡɢɧ)).

5-ɹ – ɥɚɤɬɨɧɵ – ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɷɮɢɪɵ, ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɟ ɝɚɦɦɚ- ɢ ɞɟɥɶɬɚɤɢɫɥɨɬ. ȼɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɥɚɤɬɨɧɵ: ɤɭɦɚɪɢɧ (ɞɨɧɧɢɤɢ, ɡɭɛɪɨɜɢɤɢ),

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ɩɪɨɬɨɚɧɟɦɨɧɢɧ (ɥɸɬɢɤɢ), ɫɚɧɬɨɧɢɧ (ɩɨɥɵɧɶ), ɬɚɭɪɢɰɢɧ (ɩɨɥɵɧɶ ɬɚɜɪɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɚɹ, ɚɜɫɬɪɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɦɟɬɟɥɶɱɚɬɚɹ) ɢ ɞɪ.

6-ɹ – ɷɮɢɪɧɵɟ ɦɚɫɥɚ, ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɦ ɡɚɩɚɯɨɦ, ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɫɟɪɭ (ɝɨɪɱɢɰɚ, ɥɭɤ, ɱɟɫɧɨɤ, ɯɪɟɧ).

7-ɹ – ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ: ɳɚɜɟɥɟɜɚɹ (ɳɚɜɟɥɢ, ɤɢɫɥɢɰɵ, ɛɨɬɜɚ ɫɜɟɤɥɵ ɢ ɞɪ.), ɯɟɥɢɞɨɧɨɜɚɹ (ɱɢɫɬɨɬɟɥ), ɚɤɨɧɢɬɨɜɚɹ (ɯɜɨɳɢ).

8-ɹ – ɧɢɬɪɚɬɵ ɢ ɧɢɬɪɢɬɵ (ɤɭɤɭɪɭɡɚ, ɫɜɟɤɥɚ, ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɫɚ ɫɨɪɝɨ, ɪɠɢ, ɨɜɫɚ, ɩɲɟɧɢɰɵ, ɩɨɞɫɨɥɧɟɱɧɢɤ, ɥɟɛɟɞɚ, ɞɨɧɧɢɤ, ɤɪɚɩɢɜɚ, ɞɭɪɦɚɧ, ɚɦɛɪɨɡɢɹ).

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Ʉɥɟɳɟɜɢɧɚ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ Ʌɸɬɢɤ ɠɟɥɬɵɣ 9-ɹ – ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɥɢ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɯɥɨɪɢɞɵ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɢ ɤɚɥɢɹ, ɤɚɪɛɨ-

ɧɚɬɵ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɢ ɤɚɥɢɹ, ɫɭɥɶɮɚɬɵ ɤɚɥɢɹ ɢ ɦɚɝɧɢɹ (ɥɟɛɟɞɚ, ɪɨɝɚɱ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɵɣ, ɷɯɢ-

ɧɨɩɫɢɥɨɧ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɨɜɢɞɧɵɣ ɢ ɞɪ.).

10-ɹ – ɩɢɝɦɟɧɬɵ, ɤɪɚɫɹɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ (ɫɟɦɟɧɚ ɯɥɨɩɱɚɬɧɢɤɚ, ɝɪɟɱɢɯɚ,

ɡɜɟɪɨɛɨɣ).

11-ɹ – ɫɦɨɥɢɫɬɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɦɟɡɟɪɟɢɧ (ɤɨɪɚ ɜɨɥɱɶɟɝɨ ɥɵɤɚ), ɰɢɤɨɬɨɤɫɢɧ

(ɜɟɯ ɹɞɨɜɢɬɵɣ).

12-ɹ – ɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ (ɚɪɢɡɨɦɚ ɚɦɭɪɫɤɚɹ, ɚɪɨɧɧɢɤɚ, ɠɟɥɟɡɧɢɰɚ ɝɨɪɧɚɹ, ɯɦɟɥɢ ɢ ɬ. ɩ.).

Ⱦɪɭɝɚɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ (ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ) ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɬɨɤɫɢɧɨɜ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ 12 ɝɪɭɩɩ.

1-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɟɪɜɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ – ɛɟɥɟɧɚ ɱɟɪɧɚɹ, ɛɟɥɥɚɞɨɧɧɚ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ, ɞɭɪɦɚɧ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣ, ɫɤɨɥɚɩɢɹ ɤɚɪɧɢɨ-

ɩɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɚɬɪɨɩɢɧ, ɝɢɨɫɰɢɚɦɢɧ, ɫɤɨɧɨɩɚɦɢɧ. Ɉɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ Ɇ-ɯɨɥɢɧɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ. Ⱥɧɬɢɞɨɬɵ – ɩɨɞɤɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɡɟɪɢɧ, ɮɢɡɨɫɬɢɝɦɢɧ.

ȼɟɯ ɹɞɨɜɢɬɵɣ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɹɞɨɜɢɬɨɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɛɟɡɚɡɨɬɢɫɬɨɟ ɫɦɨɥɢɫɬɨɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɰɢɤɭɬɨɤɫɢɧ, ɚɧɬɢɞɨɬɚ ɧɟɬ.

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ɏɜɨɣɧɢɤ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣ (ɤɭɡɶɦɢɱɟɜɚ ɬɪɚɜɚ, ɷɮɟɞɪɚ) ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞ ɷɮɟɞɪɢɧ, ɚɧɬɢɞɨɬɚ ɧɟɬ.

2-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɭɝɧɟɬɚɸɳɢɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɟɪɜɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ. Ɇɚɤ ɫɚɦɨɫɟɣɤɚ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɞɨ 20 ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɨɜ – ɦɨɪɮɢɧ, ɤɨɮɟɢɧ, ɩɚɩɚɜɟɪɢɧ, ɬɟɛɚɢɧ. ɉɥɟɜɟɥ ɨɩɶɹɧɹɸɳɢɣ – ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞ ɬɟɦɭɥɢɧ. Ȼɨɥɢɝɨɥɨɜ (ɨɦɟɝ) ɩɹɬɧɢɫɬɵɣ – ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞ ɤɚɧɢɢɧ.

3-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɟɪɜɧɭɸ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ȼɟɡɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɢɤ ɨɫɟɧɧɢɣ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɤɨɥɯɢɰɢɧ, ɤɨɯɚɦɢɧ ɢ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɩɨɧɢɧɚ. Ƚɨɪɦɚɥɚ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ (ɦɨɝɢɥɶɧɢɤ), ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɝɚɪɦɢɧ, ɧɟɝɚɧɢɧ, ɝɚɪɦɨɥɢɧ. ȿɥɫɨɜɧɢɤ ɛɟɡɥɢɫɬɵɣ (ɚɧɚɛɚɡɢɫ), ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɚɧɚɛɚɡɢɧ, ɚɮɢɥɥɢɧ, ɩɭɩɢɧ. ɉɢɠɦɚ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ (ɩɨɥɟɜɚɹ ɪɹɛɢɧɚ), ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɷɮɢɪɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɢ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ. Ȼɚɝɭɥɶɧɢɤ ɛɨɥɨɬɧɵɣ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɷɮɢɪɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɢ ɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ ɷɪɢɤɨɥɢɧ, ɮɥɚɜɨɧɨɢɞɵ. ɀɢɜɨɤɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɟɜɧɚɹ ɢ ɩɨɥɟɜɚɹ, ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɞɟɥɶɫɨɥɢɧ, ɞɟɥɶɤɨɡɢɧ, ɤɨɧɫɨɥɢɞɢɧ. Ʉɢɪɤɨɡɚɧ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɚɪɢɫɬɨɩɨɯɢɟɜɭɸ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɭ ɢ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞ ɚɪɢɫɬɨɯɨɥɢɧ, ɬɨɤɫɢɧ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ. ɑɟɦɟɪɢɰɚ Ʌɨɛɟɥɚ, ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɩɪɨɬɨɜɟɪɚɬɪɢɧ, ɥɟɪɜɢɧ ɢ ɞɪ. ɋɨɮɚɪɚ ɥɢɫɨɯɜɨɫɬɚɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɫɨɮɨɧɢɞɢɧ, ɚɥɨɩɟɪɢɧ. Ʌɸɬɢɤɢ (ɹɞɨɜɢɬɵɣ, ɟɞɤɢɣ, ɠɝɭɱɢɣ), ɥɟɬɭɱɟɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɪɟɡɤɢɦ ɡɚɩɚɯɨɦ ɢ ɠɝɭɱɢɦ ɜɤɭɫɨɦ, ɥɚɤɬɨɧ, ɩɪɨɬɨɚɧɟɦɨɧɢɧ.

Ⱥɤɨɧɢɬɵ – ɚɩɬɟɱɧɵɣ, ɞɢɫɭɧɝɚɪɫɤɢɣ, ɤɚɪɚɤɨɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɬɨɤɫɢɧ ɚɤɨɧɢɬɢɧ. ȼɟɬɪɟɧɢɰɚ (ɞɭɛɪɚɜɧɚɹ, ɥɟɫɧɚɹ, ɥɸɬɢɤɨɜɚɹ, ɛɨɥɨɬɧɚɹ), ɥɟɬɭɱɟɟ ɫɨ-

ɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɪɟɡɤɢɦ ɡɚɩɚɯɨɦ ɢ ɝɨɪɶɤɢɦ ɜɤɭɫɨɦ, ɩɪɨɬɨɚɧɟɦɨɧɢɧ, ɤɪɚɫɹɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɚɧɬɨɰɢɚɧ ɢ ɧɟɩɥɚɪɝɚɧɢɧ. Ʉɚɥɭɠɧɢɰɚ ɛɨɥɨɬɧɚɹ, ɩɪɨɬɨɚɧɟɦɨɧɢɧ ɢ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ. ɉɪɨɫɬɪɟɥɵ (ɫɤɪɵɬɵɣ, ɥɭɝɨɜɨɣ), ɩɪɨɬɨɚɧɟɦɨɧɢɧ ɢ ɫɚɩɨɧɢɧ.

4-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɝɟɩɚɬɨɬɨɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ. Ʌɸɩɢɧɵ (ɭɡɤɨɥɢɫɬɧɵɣ, ɠɟɥɬɵɣ, ɦɧɨ-

ɝɨɥɢɫɬɧɵɣ, ɛɟɥɵɣ), ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɥɸɩɢɧɢɧ, ɫɬɟɪɬɟɢɧ, ɥɸɩɢɧɢɞɢɧ. ɏɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɹɞɢɟɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɭɤɫɭɫɚ ɢɥɢ ɯɥɨɪɢ-

ɫɬɨɜɨɞɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɹɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɜ ɧɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ. Ʉɪɟɫɬɨɜɧɢɤ (ɥɭɝɨɜɨɣ, ɤɪɭɩɧɨɥɢɫɬɧɵɣ, ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɵɣ, ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣ,

ɥɟɫɧɨɣ, ɜɟɬɜɢɫɬɵɣ), ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɹɤɨɛɢɧ, ɫɢɥɶɜɚɫɟɧɨɰɢɚɧɢɧ.

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Ƚɟɥɢɨɬɪɨɩ (ɨɩɭɲɟɧɧɨɩɥɨɞɧɵɣ, ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ, ɦɟɥɤɨɰɜɟɬɧɵɣ, ɞɭɲɢɫɬɵɣ), ɚɥ-

ɤɚɥɨɢɞ ɝɟɥɢɨɬɪɨɩɢɧ, ɩɢɷɥɨɤɚɪɩɢɧ.

5-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɩɨɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨ-ɤɢɲɟɱɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɤɬ ɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɟɪɜɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ. Ⱥɜɪɚɧ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ, ɚɪɨɧɧɢɤ ɩɹɬɧɢɫɬɵɣ, ɤɚɱɢɧ ɦɟɬɟɥɶɱɚɬɵɣ, ɤɭɤɨɥɶ, ɦɵɥɶɧɹɧɤɚ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ, ɨɫɧɵɣ ɰɜɟɬ, ɩɟɪɜɨɰɜɟɬ ɜɟɫɟɧɧɢɣ, ɧɚɪɢɱɧɢɤ, ɦɨɥɨɱɚɣ, ɩɪɨɥɟɫɤɚ, ɦɚɜɪ, ɤɥɟɳɟɜɢɧɚ, ɪɨɛɢɧɢɹ (ɛɟɥɚɹ ɚɤɚɰɢɹ).

6-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɩɨɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨ-ɤɢɲɟɱɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɤɬ. Ƚɨɪɱɢɰɚ ɩɨɥɟɜɚɹ, ɝɭɥɹɜɧɢɤ ɫɬɪɭɣɱɚɬɵɣ, ɠɢɪɭɯɚ ɥɟɫɧɚɹ. Ɋɚɩɫ, ɪɟɞɶɤɚ ɞɢɤɚɹ, ɤɥɨɩɨɜɧɢɤ ɩɪɟɧɡɟɧɧɨɥɢɫɬɧɵɣ, ɩɚɫɬɭɲɶɹ ɫɭɦɤɚ, ɫɭɪɟɩɢɰɚ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ, ɹɪɭɬɤɚ ɩɨɥɟɜɚɹ.

7-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɤɚɪɞɢɨɬɨɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ. ɇɚɩɟɪɫɬɹɧɤɚ, ɚɞɨɧɢɫɵ, ɥɚɧɞɵɲ,

ɠɟɥɬɭɲɧɢɤ, ɩɭɫɬɵɪɧɢɤ, ɨɥɟɚɧɞɪ, ɬɸɥɶɩɚɧ, ɜɟɪɨɧɢɤɚ.

8-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɢɧɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɭ (ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɧɢɬɪɨɝɥɢ-

ɤɨɡɢɞɚɦɢ) ɰɢɚɧɝɥɢɤɨɡɢɞɵ, ɚɛɪɢɤɨɫ, ɛɨɛɨɜɧɢɤ, ɛɭɯɚɪɧɢɤ, ɤɥɟɜɟɪ, ɩɟɪɥɨɜɧɢɤ, ɱɟɪɟɦɭɯɚ, ɜɢɤɚ, ɥɟɧ, ɥɸɰɟɪɧɚ, ɩɪɨɫɨ, ɫɨɪɝɨ, ɫɭɞɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɬɪɚɜɚ.

9-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɮɨɬɨɫɟɧɫɢɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɵ – ɝɪɟɱɢɯɚ, ɡɜɟɪɨɛɨɣ, ɩɪɨɫɨ, ɠɨɪɨ-

ɥɟɣ, ɹɤɨɪɰɵ.

10-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ. ɓɚɜɟɥɶ ɦɚɥɵɣ, ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ,

ɤɢɫɥɢɰɚ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ.

11-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɝɟɦɨɪɪɚɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɞɢɚɬɟɡ (ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɪɨɜɨɢɡɥɢɹɧɢɹ), ɞɨɧɧɢɤɢ.

12-ɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ – ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ – ɤɨɜɵɥɶ, ɬɪɢɨ-

ɫɬɧɢɰɚ, ɳɟɬɢɧɧɢɤ, ɩɚɡɭɪɧɢɤ, ɤɨɫɬɟɪ.

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ɇɭɠɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɬɨɤɫɢɧɨɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɚɹ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɷɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɧɚ ɐɇɋ. Ʉɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɨɞɧɢ ɢ ɬɟ ɠɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɚɸɳɟ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɭɝɧɟɬɚɸɳɟ.

5.2.2Ɋɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɟɣɪɨɬɨɤɫɢɧɵ

5.2.2.1.Ɋɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɧɵ, ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɟɪɜɧɭɸ

ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ

Ʉ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɛɟɥɟɧɚ ɱɟɪɧɚɹ, ɞɭɪɦɚɧ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧ-

ɧɵɣ, ɫɤɨɩɚɥɢɹ ɤɚɪɧɢɨɥɢɣɫɤɚɹ, ɜɟɯ ɹɞɨɜɢɬɵɣ, ɯɜɨɣɧɢɤ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣ (ɤɭɡɶɦɢɱɟɜɚ ɬɪɚɜɚ, ɷɮɟɞɪɚ).

Ȼɟɥɟɧɚ ɱɟɪɧɚɹ – Hyoscuamus niger L. ɞɜɭɥɟɬɧɟɟ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɢɫɬɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɫɥɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ 30-100 ɫɦ, ɫ ɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɦ ɡɚɩɚɯɨɦ. ɐɜɟɬɟɬ ɜ ɢɸɧɟ – ɢɸɥɟ, ɫɟɦɟɧɚ ɞɨɡɪɟɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɚɜɝɭɫɬɟ – ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɟ. ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɪɟɱɟɤ, ɧɚ ɡɚɥɟɠɚɯ, ɩɭɫɬɵɪɹɯ, ɜ ɦɭɫɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ, ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɠɢɥɶɹ, ɭ ɞɨɪɨɝ, ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ɬɚɟɠɧɨɣ (ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ) ɱɚɫɬɢ. Ʉɭɥɶɬɢɜɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ (ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ) ɫɨɜɯɨɡɚɯ ɇɨɜɨɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɨɣ ɢ ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ. Ɋɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɝɢɨɫɰɢɚɦɢɧ, ɚɬɪɨɩɢɧ, ɫɤɨɩɨɥɚɦɢɧ.

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Ȼɟɥɟɧɚ ɱɟɪɧɚɹ Ȼɟɥɥɚɞɨɧɧɚ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ȼ ɥɢɫɬɶɹɯ ɢɯ ɞɨ 0,1%, ɜ ɫɬɟɛɥɹɯ 0,02%, ɜ ɤɨɪɧɹɯ 0,15-0,18%, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɟɥ-

ɤɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɫɚɯɚɪ, ɤɚɦɟɞɶ, ɠɢɪɧɨɟ ɢ ɷɮɢɪɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɢ ɞɪ.

Ȼɟɥɥɚɞɨɧɧɚ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ (ɫɨɧɧɚɹ ɞɭɪɶ, ɤɪɚɫɚɜɤɚ) – Atropa belladonna L., ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɟɟ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɢɫɬɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɫɥɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ 1,5-2 ɦ. ɐɜɟɬɟɬ ɫ ɢɸɧɹ ɞɨ ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ, ɩɥɨɞɨɧɨɫɢɬ ɫ ɢɸɥɹ. ɉɪɨɢɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɤɥɨɧɚɯ, ɜ ɛɭɤɨɜɵɯ ɥɟɫɚɯ, ɢɧɨɝɞɚ ɨɞɢɧɨɱɧɨ, ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɦɢ ɡɚɪɨɫɥɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɭɫɬɚɪɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɩɨ ɨɩɭɲɤɚɦ ɢ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɥɟɫɧɵɯ ɞɨɪɨɝ, ɧɚ ɩɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɧɵɯ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ, ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ Ʉɪɵɦɭ, Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɞɚɪɫɤɨɦ ɤɪɚɟ, ɧɚ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɟ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɚɬɪɨɩɢɧ, ɝɢɨɫɰɢɚɦɢɧ ɢ ɫɤɨɩɨɥɚɦɢɧ, ɚ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɫɥɢɡɶ, ɫɚɯɚɪ, ɫɨɥɢ, ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ, ɤɪɚɯɦɚɥ, ɛɟɥɤɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ.

Ⱦɭɪɦɚɧ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɣ – Datura stramonium, ɨɞɧɨɥɟɬɧɟɟ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɢɫɬɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɫɥɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ 60-120 ɫɦ, ɤ ɬɨɤɫɢɧɚɦ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɟɧ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɣ ɪɨɝɚɬɵɣ ɫɤɨɬ. ɐɜɟɬɟɬ ɫ ɢɸɧɹ ɞɨ ɨɫɟɧɢ, ɩɥɨɞɨɧɨɫɢɬ ɫ ɢɸɥɹ. ɋɨɪɧɹɤ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɭɫɬɵɪɹɯ, ɨɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ, ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɠɢɥɢɳ, ɜɞɨɥɶ ɞɨɪɨɝ ɧɚ ɸɝɟ ɢ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɟ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɜ Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ ɋɢɛɢɪɢ, ɧɚ Ⱦɚɥɶɧɟɦ ȼɨɫɬɨɤɟ, ɜ ɉɨɜɨɥɠɶɟ, ɧɚ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɟ, ɜ Ʉɪɵɦɭ. Ʉɭɥɶɬɢɜɢɪɭɸɬ ɜ ɸɠɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɚɯ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɢ Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɞɚɪɫɤɨɦ ɤɪɚɟ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ

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ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɝɢɨɫɰɢɚɦɢɧ, ɚɬɪɨɩɢɧ, ɫɤɨɩɨɥɚɦɢɧ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɭɛɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɛɟɥɤɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ.

ɋɤɨɩɚɥɢɹ ɤɚɪɧɢɨɥɢɣɫɤɚɹ – Scopalia carniolica Jacg., ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɟɟ ɬɪɚɜɹɧɢɫɬɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɫɥɟɧɨɜɵɯ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ 50 – 80 ɫɦ. ɐɜɟɬɟɬ ɜ ɚɩɪɟɥɟ – ɦɚɟ, ɫɟɦɟɧɚ ɫɨɡɪɟɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɢɸɧɹ. ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɦ Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɟ, ɡɚɩɚɞɟ Ɂɚɤɚɜɤɚɡɶɹ ɜ ɛɭɤɨɜɵɯ ɥɟɫɚɯ, ɧɚ ɜɥɚɠɧɵɯ, ɪɵɯɥɵɯ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ, ɜɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɜ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɭ ɜ Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ, ɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɢɯ ɜ ɤɨɪɧɟɜɢɳɟ ɢ ɤɨɪɧɹɯ. ȼɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɟ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ

– ɝɢɨɫɰɢɚɦɢɧ, ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɜ ɚɬɪɨɩɢɧ, ɫɤɨɩɨɥɚɦɢɧ, ɫɤɨɩɨɥɟɬɢɧ.

Ɍɨɤɫɢɤɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ. ȼɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ɛɟɥɟɧɵ ɱɟɪɧɨɣ, ɞɭɪɦɚɧɚ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɛɟɥɥɚɞɨɧɧɵ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ, ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɰɜɟɬɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɦɹɧ, ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɬɶ 0,3%. ɋɭɲɤɚ, ɫɢɥɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ, ɚ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞ ɝɢɨɫɰɢɚɦɢɧ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɣ ɚɬɪɨɩɢɧ.

ɉɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɚɥɤɚɥɨɢɞɵ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɪɟɯ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ Ɇ-ɯɨɥɢɧɨ- ɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ. Ⱥɬɪɨɩɢɧ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɟɬ Ɇ-ɯɨɥɢɧɨɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ (ɩɨɫɬɫɢɧɚɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɵ ɫɢɧɚɩɫɨɜ), ɢ ɨɧɢ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɧɟɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤ ɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɭ ɚɰɟɬɢɥɯɨɥɢɧɭ, ɧɚɪɭɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨ-ɤɢɲɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ, ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɨ-ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪ. ɋɤɨɩɨɥɚɦɢɧ ɩɨɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɛɭɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɭɝɧɟɬɚɟɬ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ, ɜɩɥɨɬɶ ɞɨ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ.

Ʉɥɢɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɨɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ. ɋɢɦɩɬɨɦɵ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢ-

ɤɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɯɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɥɢɡɢɫɬɨɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɪɬɚ, ɫɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɪɚɱɤɨɜ, ɨɛɳɢɦ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ

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