4.1.3 Write English equivalents of the following words and phrases.

Педагогическое образование (обучение учителей), политехничес­кий институт, колледж высшего образования, степень, выпускник, аспирант, бакалавр, дальнейшее обучение, исследовательская работа, магистр, студент дневного отделения, студент вечернего отделения, лектор (2 words), практические занятия, будущий учитель, быть осно­ванным на чём-л., обязательный, факультативный, практика в школе, изучение основного предмета, комплекс предметов педагогического цикла, педагогика, профилирующая дисциплина, возрастная группа, студенты младших курсов, постановка пьесы, студенты старших кур­сов, учебные пособия, аудиовизуальные средства, посещать уроки, руководитель по педпрактике (2words), проводить экзамены, выпуск­ные экзамены.

4.2.1 Read and translate the text Higher education in Great Britain

Libraries full of books have been written on the education system in Britain, but recently it has been changing considerably.

Compulsory education begins at 5, and children attend primary school until they are 11. Normally the primary school is divided into Infants (5 — 7) and Juniors (7 — 11).

At the age of 11 most children go to a comprehensive school where they stay until they are 16. In the past children went to different types of secondary schools, but in most parts of the country everybody now goes to a comprehensive.

Some parents, who do not want their children to go to a comprehensive pay to send them to a private school. The most expensive and prestigious private schools are actually called public schools.

At the age of 16 people take their examinations. Most take General Cer­tificate of Education (G. С E.). Ordinary Levels — normally called just 'O' Levels. People take 'O' Levels in as many subjects as they want to; some take one or two, others take as many as nine or ten,

If you get good 'O' Level results, you can stay on at school until you are 18, in the Sixth Form. Here you prepare for Advanced Level Exams ('A' Lev­els). Again, you take as many of these as you want to, but most people take two or three.

In case you pass your exams well you have a chance of going on to uni­versity though this is not automatic. The number of people who study there is strictly controlled. Other types of further education are offered at poly­technics and colleges of higher education. Polytechnics offer the chance to study subjects in a more practical way, and many colleges of higher educa­tion specialize in teacher training.

4.2.2 Write 15 questions according to the texts, using new words and expressions in each question.

4.3.1 Read and translate the dialogue.

Ann: Hullo, Steve. Have you got a minute?

Steve: Sure, yes. “What can I do for you?

A.: I've read a number of books on the British system of higher education but I can't make head or tail of it.

S.: Mm… no wonder. What’s the problem?

A.: Quite a lot of problems. What I want to discuss is the difference between a university and a college.

S.: It's like this, you see... The program is different. At the university it is much wider. Great attention is paid to scientif­ic subjects.

A.: It sounds as though most people prefer a university.

S.: Well... that rather depends.

A.: Speaking about universities I'm not quite clear about tutorials there. What is a tutorial exactly?

S.: Oh, it's when students discuss topics with a tutor in very small groups — usually there are riot more than three or four students and sometimes only one.

A.: I see... And coming back to colleges... I'm still not terribly sure what a residential college is.

S.: Er... It's a college with a hall of residence¹ on the same grounds as the principal building. In fact all the stu­dents live in hall.

A: Really? And what about the teaching staff?

S.: Actually the majority of the teaching staff lives there too. But there are also quite a lot of non-residential colleges.

A.: And you studied at university?

S.: Yes...

A.: I'd like to find myself in that university. What was it like?

S.: Well... a big grey building surrounded by trees.

A: Beautiful?

S.: Nothing very remarkable. Of course there were lec­ture halls, classrooms and a number of laboratories.

A: Any facilities for sport and Physical Education.

S.: Let me see... Yes... A gymnasium with changing rooms and showers, a tennis court... What else... A playing field for netball and football...

A.: I believe students spend a lot of time together, don't they?

S.: Definitely. We had students' societies and clubs.

A.: Am I right to believe that they are for those interested in drama and music?

S.: Quite... and also politics, modern languages, litera­ture, science and athletics.

A.: Ah... that's worth knowing.

S.: And what I'd like to add is that students themselves or­ganize all those clubs and societies. There is usually a Stu­dents' Council or Union.

A.: Well Steve. Thanks very much. You've been most helpful.