Lightweight steel beams and joists introduced

Fabricated from cold-rolled steel, the new Light Beam structural Beams and joists are up to 55 percent lighter than conventional hot-rolled I-beams according to LBN Corporation, a research and development company. The design of Light Beam's cross section allows for a combination of different thickness of steel to provide strength where needed while avoiding excess weight. Designed for large commercial and industrial projects, it is believed to be particularly appropriate for seismic and high-wind zones. The beam, 8 to 30 inches deep, can span 75 feet without bracing for practical loading conditions. Light Beams are manufactured from high-strength 50 KSI bare, painted, or galvanized steel; parts are prepunched, precut, and prenotched, and rolled-formed, and joined in an automated process. All connections in the field are made with bolts; welding is not required.

Unit 6 shells, trusses and space frames

Text: Shells, trusses and space frames

Grammar:

• Compound adjectives

• Participle I, Participle II (continued)

New words:

1. align [q´laın] строить в линию, выравнивать

2. axial [´æksıql] осевой, по направлению оси

3. barrel [´bærql] цилиндр, барабан, вал

4. circumferential [sqkAmfq´renS(q)l] кольцевой, окружной

5. chord [kO:d] пояс

6. corrugated [´kOrqgeıtıd] гофрированный, рифленый

7. curve [kE:v] гнуть

8. distort, v. [dıs´tO:t] искривлять

9. fold [fqVld] складывать, сгибать

10. joint [GOınt] узел (фермы)

11. masonry [´meıs(q)nrı] кирпичная кладка

12. linear [´lınıq] линейный

13. plane [pleın] плоскость

14. rib [rıb] ребро жесткости

15. ridged [rıGd] остроконечный

16. rigid [´rıGıd] жесткий, устойчивый

17. post [pqVst] стойка (фермы)

18. shell [Sel] оболочка

19. slope [slqVp] наклон

20. strut [strAt] раскос (фермы)

21. tie [taı] узел, связь

22. triangle [´traıæNgl] треугольник

23. truss [trAs] ферма

24. vault [vO:lt] свод

25. space frame [speıs freım] структура

26. deep beam балка-стенка

1. Read the following international words. What Russian words do they associate with?

To act, cable, to demonstrate, economy, element, equivalent, form, geometry, ideally, individual, limit, membrane, motive, original, role, parallel, practical, stable, stress, term, type.

2. Read and translate the following compound adjectives.

Model: vault-like  having the form of a vault  сводчатый

Barrel-shaped doubly-curved

mass-concrete space-enclosing

sharply-ridged three-dimensional

iron-framed timber-framed.

3. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations.

• to act as a space-enclosing element;

• to be curved in two directions;

• to include barrel-shaped and folded or corrugated forms;

• in accordance with the requirements of the surface geometry;

• doubly-curved tensile membrane;

• to form a series of triangles;

• lighter framed equivalents of domes and vaults.

4. Translate into English using Participle I.

Ограждающий и перекрывающий элемент; нагрузка, действующая на кирпичную кладку; элементы, связывающие фермы и колонны; треугольники, лежащие в одной плоскости; образующий нижний пояс фермы; метод, демонстрирующий универсальность; наклонный элемент фермы; несущий внешние нагрузки.

5. Translate into English using Participle II.

Радиально выровненные ребра жесткости; сложенный вдвое; разработанный метод; соединенные элементы; достигнутая прочность оболочки; поверхность, изогнутая в двух направлениях; уменьшенная толщина; балка, искривленная нагрузкой; рабочие, обеспеченные материалами; смонтированный на стройплощадке.

6. Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the Participles.

1. There are elements transmitting tension as well as compression.

2. Applied loads are distributed in all directions.

3. Doors, some kinds of walls and windows are regarded as space-enclosing elements.

4. The Greek architects preferred ached forms such as arch, dome or vault.

5. The reduction achieved in thickness was provided by the tensile strength in the shell itself.

6. A truss is a unit fabricated from metal or timber pieces formed by a series of triangles lying in a single plane.

7. The joints of a space frame are not rigid allowing free rotations of the members.

7. Read and translate the text .