Формы инфинитива

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	To plant	To be planted
Continuous	To be planting	-
Perfect	To have planted	To have been planted
Perfect Continuous	To have been planting	-

2.18 Pay attention to the use of the Active Infinitive in the following sentences, state its function and translate the sentences into Russian.

1. The association of organs with each other to carry out particular functions results in organ systems.

2. Laboratory tests are frequently required to diagnose canine distemper.

3. A lot of families have pets to play with.

4. Specific tests to detect allergic antibodies to environmental allergens can be undertaken to confirm the diagnosis of allergy.

5. Immunization is a common method used to control and prevent disease in human and veterinary medicine.

6. To prevent infections of cats and other animals it is necessary to confine the animals to their home environment, avoiding exposure sources.

7. In breeds such as the bulldog, Pekingese and Pomeranian, narrowing of the nostrils and excessive length of the soft palate are often combined to cause difficulty in breathing.

8. To explain the problem we were interested in he demonstrated some diagrams.

9. A. Popov was the first to invent radio.

10. They are glad to have passed their examinations with excellent marks.

2.19 Pay attention to the use of the Passive Infinitive in the following sentences, state its function and translate the sentences into Russian.

1. The article to be translated is rather difficult.

2. The problem to be studied in the shortest time possible is very important.

3. The new method to be used depends upon the natural conditions of the district.

4. The conference to be held in a few months will consider various ways of establishing contacts among scientists of different countries.

5. The articles to be found in that magazine will help you to solve the problem you are working at.

6. Many research workers of our Institute asked to be invited to take part in the expedition.

7. The problem was so interesting that they wanted to be answered their questions at once.

2.20 Open the brackets using the correct form of the Infinitive.

1. (watch) directly ice crystals of wet cells is impossible.

2. (know) everything is to know nothing.

3. Fulton was the first physiologist (suggest) this hypothesis.

4. She was the last (complete) the experiment.

5. He reads a lot of books in the original (master) English.

6. (be) exact, stimulation was applied on both sides at once.

7. It takes the rays of the sun 8 minutes (get) to the earth.

8. The students do their best (help) us in all our beginnings.

9. Many of our students work hard (carry) out their assignments as soon as possible.

10. The factors (consider) are of great importance.

Complex Subject (сложное подлежащее) состоит из: Первая часть – существительное в общем падеже или местоимение в именительном падеже. Вторая часть – инфинитив в нужной форме. Обе части разделены сказуемым. He is said to live in Moscow. (Говорят, что он живет в Москве.) They were known to be good students. (Было известно, что они хорошие студенты.)

Complex Subject употребляется, когда сказуемое выражено: 1.глаголами в Passive Voice: To say, to state, to suppose, to see, to order, to hear, to announce, to believe, to think, to ask, to expect, to know, to understand, to consider, to allow. 2.глаголами в Active Voice: to seem, to chance, to happen, to prove, to appear, to turn out. They seem to have forgotten their promise. 3. словосочетаниями: to be likely, to be unlikely, to be certain, to be sure. They are certain to come.