Том 2

#.'. 0 , .; . .#. 5 = , . . ., " . ( 77$, )

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' 8 A# "& " = " @=# "#" 8> C& " ? # $ " #8 $8 8 # $8 / 8 = " # " " @ 8 ? # 8, >$& # > ? #8 & 8 &* / ? > ? > "-(U ) $# ? ## ! * # A %. < C 8 " " C& # " # 8$& " ( ) ? > " " # #" >8 C&$# 8 $ - " A ? % &* & # * !#&*-8$"# @= " /" (M ). #% $#8 = " "-A 8 A C&- $# % &@ " %8 " # $# ? / "- # C!!# # 8 = " #, ?% A 1. "@ 8 " & * > ,$#8 # "-A 8 A C&$# $% & ? /- #"* ? % M . $# " = " @=# 10—12 8 $# @=# - #/ 6 ', & ? "$# ? 8 A & # $# $# ? &*E / # / 8 = " # C&$# ? #8 &@ # M . 8 A , & $& # 8 # A C!!# # #" # "# " # &*- / ! 8> $# "& $#8 * M . & $# " % A ?> >$& > " > $% & / " C& C A## $# ? U " C&$# 8 $8 A . & >$& # " #" &*% & "* 8 &* C&$# ? / " # " "--A 8>8 C&$# 8, % ? "#" 8 SimPowerSystems $ MatLab. % $& > % #"#8 " / $% &, $# $# @= / ## 10—12 8 & # $# ? / " # $# ? "-A 8 A C&$# $>E $&* $" #8 % # 10 %. C!!# # #" # "# " #- &* / ! 8> $# " # $>E $&* $" #8 % # 10 %. D& &* , & ? "$# ? "$" ? " # U " "-A 8>8 C&$# 8 $8 A $# $# ## " = " @=# 8 & 8 = > #/ 6 ' ? #8 " M . <- "$# >8 $& # 8 $>E # " C& C A## & " $#8 # " " "-A 8 A C&$# U #- A >$8# & [1].

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1. \ ! 8> $# @= A $# " C& " ? # $# ## $&$# > $? % & / / . . % , . . % , .'. M , . . D # # // ? # # C& 8 # , 2011. R 6.

281

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& / ! # / " &* A ? # " #&* / $8>E- & " # & " 8 # # > $ & A# " #8 #- " # 8 $ ( " >, # " # ?O 8 $& " * 8 #),$% & #" &@ # * $& # A ! # A $# $"" $ - "& @= / & A# " / $## E # . U &*E &* - % ## C # ? #/ $# & # "#" 8 $& # % #8 " %- >8# C&$# 8# 8 #%8 " &* A # $& @= A & , ? "$# @= / " ?#% #@ # " >, / / " " # " # # A # & # $& @= A & 8 .

8 # " 8 &* $"" 8 > # " &* > & 8-?> * $" ? % "$# #8 " / / " " *@ #%- 8 # $8 "$# , ! 8# # / ? "$# " "#- >8 C&$# 8 8 #%8 " &* A & # C&$#- 8 8 #%8 $& @= A & .

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

% >/ &A # 8 $& # # # 8 $& @= A & $%- & $>"# * " * # #!# ## $8 ! 8# 8> "- &* > & # #" &@ $# C 8 &@? @ %8 " * $A % # $#- A "# A C& #A & " &* A & .

282

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'" = 8 ?# #! A# xM-7 #8 " ? >/ $" $ A #% &* / "# = # . # " ## ?# > "$#- &* $"8 A #"? & " (8 "">, " " / $& - ?# >) $# # 8 , $# = ## #! A# ?# & "# &* A $& # A &, $& 8>/ " E # 8 " %-

8 / $A % # a$ # " # " ? A $# g. A & %- " $ 8 %A A& A $# #! A# # $# % # &* > $A % $#? " 90:.

< # " ? 8 $" ?# > $& # " 88 / "#&>, /- " @= / #"$> 8 A & (# ? # ), $" $ E #@ ?# — C $& # «A &-%». & $# #"$> #/ " #%8 8>8 8 $A % # 8 $& # 8# «A- &-%» # «A *-"$# » $& A " " " # * ?# ? % >8 C&$# 8 $ "# &* $& # $# " ? 8 $" .

% % %8 > # & A 88 ? > #! A# $& > A % > # A 88> # $#% >? 8 8 A C& #A- & # "#& A C& # " A $? % & " > (<{). % ? >- " "#" 8 $& # $& # 8 $" ?# > (D <<), " % / — #%8 # $& # ?# > xM % 8 #$% A& "& # % /" # $A % #. #$% A& $& # $ - " % " 8 # " #, % #"#8 " # % / $A % #.

""8 # @ " % > # > $$ -$A 88 / - % ## D <<: " $#8 # 8 "$# &* / $& > $%# # # # <{, " % # / A # $& # $A 88# 8 8 &- A# " 8 && (< ), " #"$&*% # 8 ?" &@ A # #- 8 &* A # A& $. " % < — ! 8# * ? 8 % # A& $ ?# > " " ## " >? / $ - A 88 / #"$> #/ # # & A 88 / ? > A& A $# . <- "8 # " #8 $& # : / # 8 # " #/. '>? # % # ? 8> % #/ " = " & @ " " $8 =*@ # & A / $ - $.

C$ # " A $ ? % ? # & 8- $*@ / 8 $A 88 ? "$# "#" 8> $%# # # # , % ? A !# " #/ # ! /" & $" / $, $#% !#A # # <{.

283

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# > " # $>E / " > $#8 @ " 8- A# ?& " ? ? # 8 && : $ & $& # 8 && , "-& A $ A @ ? ? # . . & ? > % $>E- > " ? #8 "$# &* C& ? # .

& $# # " # # / $& # ? &*E / 8 = " #,$#8 & $& # A > 8 && , #"$&*% @ ! % > %#" > $? % " > (<{).

D = " @ % > " 8> <{. / #% #? & E# #"$&*- % 8> " 8 & " $& 8 " . ""8 #8 $# #$ ? > / " 8> [1] ( #". 1): " $&@ " # # " > D1 # D2 % > >/ $# $#8 0,5Ud ($# > >$8# & ). " " 8 & $& # ( 1) $"$ "#A & >- # %#" VT1, " D1 # % *" $ : D1; &&-C8# VT1; A % EK; D1. " D2 C 8 % " . " "#A & > # $"$#& %#" VT2, 8 "& % " " D2 $ : D2; &&- C8# VT2; A % EK; D2. " D1 C 8 % " .

D $8 =*@ % #8# # / 8 <{ ( #". 2) $A 88 Matlab/Simulink $ $& A " " # # "& @=# & /: ? ; % ? #" # $# # # " A& " # #" # $# # " A % /. , & " # < & $& # " ? 8 " *@ 1 A, " #"$&*% # 8 $& / 8 ?> / > % # C& #- " # # C A # " # $8 A % #: U2 = 70 ', I2 = 280 , cos¯ = 0,08, " " " 8 Elcut.

284

.+. : , . . , " 0; . . . * : , . . . ( 71$, 2. )

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""& " $"" # # A A # A &* $E#$# $"" % & #. < "" % & # " # # >8 A 8 " = " & " $>-$"& &* >8 "$" ? 8 "$# &* 8 " " A #% &* >8 "$& # 8 &* $E#$#-$# $> 8 = ## A "# &* # " $8 =*@ "#" 8> C&$# . ' $"" = # $" * &* A- " % / 8$>, $"& A & " " $8 =*@ "$/ A " /" . 8 >/ $"" A # % & # " / # $# % 8 #%-% ? &*E# A ? # &* , "&- " # " # A #"$& # # # " /" & # . " >8# $?& 8 8#, % # @=#8# $# % ## "#" 8> #- # A A , & @ " >? " > # " ## # , ? "$# @= A ? #8 8$ "$& # $ # " &* $E#$# A& ?# % & #.

' ? $# " #"& 8 # C& 8 A # > #$& > $& /, ? " > " >? " > # " ## # .

8 # " 8 &* C& 8 A # > $"" " /" # # A A $# $> 8 A % 8 / $ - " # " >8 # 8 "! 8 " 8 "& @=# ?=- $# > $= #/: $" " !#A # "#" 8> $% & A # # *" ""8 # 8 8 / " "#88 # / ?& " #, A

# # B # $" * H 8 A # A $& #8 @ " " & @- =# ; $& $# #8 " %#" # >8; # > @ " $# A#" %#" "#& # % # &* " # $ " #@ " $8# #- > . & E # $& / % # #"$&*% " 8 8 &* $"" $&$" # " #8# #" # 8# $& , "$ - & >8# &* A 8 / % > / . / >/ "- $& # #" # ? "& & % #"#8 " *@ 8$>. ' A- # > "& # > # # $& ?8 : # >/, $ -$& $&$" *@ # #%& # 8.

286

?. . , . . 9 , . . 7 0: , " 0; . . . 3 , . . . ( 71$, 2. )

' / ? ""8 # " $#8 # # # > "-& $" / % & # $A ? # > E " . A $ - #" # % " & $& , > & " $" > "&-% ? % &* $# # >" / " >. & ?# % 8 A "& % #"# >? / " > , "&- #/ & # . ' ""8 # 8 / % $" % & $#%- # " " 66 . A " = " & " $ 8 % ? &* " #. " " &* $" # % ? , % 8 % ? # " "# &* # , % E >/ % % 8 #- 8 # % ? 8 " " & 2 88. A " = " & " 8$> 820—840 :C " # % ? , > 2—3 " # % 8 $#% # " & # / " $8 =*@ "$/ . ' 8 % & # " " & 1 . < #8 # # # > " & $" / % & # &- " C 8# " # >A >8 $ " #@ " A#8# "$" ? 8# % & #, ? "$# ? & >" " #% .

x &* #""& # $"" A # & # — > & # - > C!! &* $" # % ? # &* 8 # A #% &* 8$& # . < # # # , ? "$# @= A ? 8 "$& # 8$> C$ A # & # , $# ?= / % " # # 8# #8 8 C A % . < # C 8 & # 8$> % / ! ## " " 8 $## $"" % & # # $" & # A # # . " ? " *@ %- # & " #% &* $& " * ? 8 / ! ## "$ - & # 8 = " # $& A 8 / % > # " A $"" . D 8 " / #%A & # # " "& >8 $!#& 8 A ""8 # 8> ! 8 # " &* " " . 8 8 8 $" / / C& 8 A # / % # " % " % / " # / $&$" # ? " * % > > #"- &* > % .

&A # 8 > #" &* A $"" % ? ? % $A 88> Comsol, $% & @= / C!! # E * 8 &* #!#%# " # % # - / / $" . < $#" $#8 &* A # "- = " & " A $A 88 A 8$& " .

287

<. . : , .; . .#. , . ( 71$, 2. )

" /" # # A A ( ) $#8 @ " $# " # " "& $8>E& " #. A ? %# & A# " # $"- " # " #/ $# # % ? %#@ 8 8 # " # 8 & /. % ? %# ? "& #& ? #8 " * "#" 8 #% ## 8 & /. ' - / ? "#" 8 #% # $ " # % # 8 $" # 8 . # >/ A — C " % > $"" : # #- # A 8 8 & # #%8 # 8$> 8. < C 8 $# $# ## ? #8 E * C&$& @ % #&* > % #: C& 8 A # @ # $&$" #. '>? #-8 — # " #/ ( ), #"& >/ ({) # &A # 8# " #/ ( &A): $& " "& " *@ ?O . $#& , E @ " = # % # $#8#% ##. $#8#%# @ #8 # " #@ . < # #"$&*% ## # # > & A# ? #8 E *$& # &* > % #: A# # 8# " # , #? " # " # # . "- "& # $> #"" # > ? , % =#= > - ! « & " ? # $8>E& > $ $# #/» D 8 % $ - "& # 30 & . % &* #""& # $" & ? .

30 % ""8 > % E > # " #8# 8 8#.?O " " "& " *@ E 8> % # # 8 " A " $! ""# &* > $A 88, % @=# #"& > 8- >. % &* > $A % $% & @ " & * > - / $ $# &* " # $#" #? & $= / $A 88> $ " #@ " $" # 8 # " / 8 . ' " %# " C #8 &* /- E# #""& # ? $& > " # &* >/ % $A 88

8 # $& > # C& 8 A # > $& /.

288

. . , ".; . <. . , . . . ( 71$, 2. )

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""8 # " % " # # 8 "#8 &* / C A C!! #- " # & A# " # 8$& " «# # A &* "-( ) — ? ? 8 && & # 8 ( )». # # >/ $* E # / % # " " # E ## & &* > % $#8#%- ## &* & A &* / " # # ! 8# @= A ?- # " # 8 % > & A# " # # " #/, ! 8#- 8> % $& 8# C # % . " ? & E# # %8 " # $& @ " $# "#" 8 8 $, $"& @= 8 " # # $&*- > % #/ "$A $% & ? > 8$& " & 8, "&- # 8 "#8 &* A #"& "$/ " ? > & >? $8 #-# $& @=# % /" #/. D#" 8 >/ $ $#8 &* 8 $# #@ $# # # 8 A $% & $ 8 # * ?O $# # : " / ! , A # " # " %> @=#/ ? " ## ? ? # 8 && # >/ & A# " #/ 8$& ", — 8$ - > # ## 8 && — % !# "# @ " , " #"-#% " # # C " 8 8 "$A C 8# " A $% & .

" " * ! 8# ## # # $#8#% ## ? "&- & & # 8 #8 * # " >/ ? ?= >/ $% &*, >/ - & ?> 8 A #"& > " > "$>. ' " A $% & & " ? % #"$&*% * $# >/ $# ! # # ## " A 8$& " «-» & 8. < % , $8 > #- , $& 8> $ C 8 # #@, 8 & @ " $#8 &* >- 8# $ " C& C A##. $& @= &* 8$A !-$% & $#" * 8$& " «-» $# 8 8$ - A $& ? ? > 8 A 8 && " " @=# " # & A#- " A $"" . "@ > %8 " * $" & # C A 8$& " # "$/ "#" 8>, " " = / #% ?O " $ - "& &* >8# 8 # #8 8# # ? >, A 8 &* A #% ?O $" & " " " @=#8 # 8 " # /$&$" #. ' ?= 8 "& C # M * — # A ! , - @= $/ " ## A 8 && # , / — A & # $# "$# ## ! 8# @= 8 ? #@ #* / — 8$ $& $"" . ' 8 # & # 8$ > # A / $## ($& ! ? # ) $& " " #- E 8" #8 ? > 8$& " 8 "#8 &* >8 8 8 ? ? # 8- && 8 #% # > A C& 8 ( # ), $& " *@ " " $## « % A 8 " » $# "#" 8 8 $.

289

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' " = 8 ? % # " & # #" " ? > $- & > ? &*E# %$"> ?$#$" " #" E#8 " 8 # , " = 8> # %$= > # ?$#$" . ' & " # # %# # #" % # # % > / > "# #/ % & ?- #8 " * % ? ? %$" / # C!! # / & A## #- # ?$#$" .

& A# # # % &@ " A ?$#$" 8$ -$ 400—450 :D A 8 # / 8 " $"& @=#8 $>- 8. " >8 " /" 8 $# # ## & " # #- %#" # >/ A &*, >/ " >" #8# C A # " #8# #" # 8# [1]. A &* $" & " ? / # # " #/ # , # A %8 = &" " " &* ? — & % . A ?$#$" " = " & " % " $&$# # " & % , >/ 8 & " $&- > & @=#8 C& 8 8 # % =#= # $# % > .

{#"& 8 # $"" A " = " & & "* " $8- =*@ $ ELCUT [2]. "$&*% # A 8 $% & " * / @ % #"#8 " * C&- # $& !#%# " # $8 #-# & % 8$>. & $& # C& # " # # C A # " # #" # # # / "#" 8> # >? A 8 #- " # $8 # $#% #&" " C& 8 A # A #$& A $& / ? % 8 > C& 8 . U>& $& - # "$& # C& 8 A # > # $& > $& / % A % «- & 8» # «A 8» #8 ? > A & % #"#8 " # - 8 #. < & > > $% & @ # * 8 # " " * A .

& ? "$# % > $8 A ?>& ""8 - " &* " #/ A & / " % >8# %8 8#, *# >8# 8 ?# *" # C!! # " # A , "&- &* , # $#% # &* " # " # & # # ?- $#$" .

0 +

1.+ ! .(. # >/ A ! 8 A # / " . .: A- 8#% , 1988.

2.R )F . . # " /" # # A A " $8 =*@ $ Elcut // Exponenta Pro. — 2003. R 2.

290