3. Read the extract again and decide if the sentences are t (true) or f (false).

a). The first caller thinks people would drive less in cities if public transport were better.

b).The second caller thinks if motorists paid a fee to drive in cities, they would use their cars less.

c). The third caller believes if the government built more motorways, there would be less congestion.

d). The fourth speaker believes people would be healthier if there were no cars in cities.

4. Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

If motorists had to pay to drive in city centres,

People wouldn’t use their cars so much in cities if

If public transport were free,

Roads and motorways would not be so crowded if

The air in our cities would be cleaner if

If we banned cars in city centres,

If we stopped building motorways,

People would be healthier if

5.Describe three things you would do if you were the Transport Minister in your country.

6. Work in pairs. Compare your answers to these questions.

1. If you could have any car, which would you choose?

2. If you didn’t need to study English, which language would you learn?

3. If you had time to begin a new sport or hobby, which would you choose?

4. If you could change your job, which job would you choose?

5. If you were ten years younger, would you change your life in any way?

7.Answer the questions.

What would you do

• if your boss wanted you to spend your summer holiday attending a full-time English course in the UK?

• if your company offered you a job with a higher salary but longer hours, and three months’ travel a year?

• if you had £10,000 to spend on your department?

• if your company asked you to work in Japan or America for two years?

• if your organization gave you three months’ paid holiday to spend as you liked?

8.Work in pairs. Write six more questions to complete this questionnaire. Then interview another colleague. Make a note of the answers.

MY IDEA OF A PERFECT WEEKEND

1. Where would you go?

2. How would you get there?

3. Where would you stay?

4. What essential object would you take? …………10……..

9.Mark the most important words in these sentences. Translate them into Russian.

1. If I had a car, I’d drive it to work.

2. If I lived in the city, I’d travel by bike.

3. I’d take more exercise if I were you.

4. If they banned all cars, the air would be cleaner.

5. If the buses were quicker, more people would use them.

6. Would you take the train if you could?

10.Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions. Begin like this:

Where would you go if... ?

Would you buy a new car if...?

What would you do if... ?

Would you take your car if... ?

LESSON 12

WINES: CHAMPAGNE

GRAMMAR: PASSIVE

1.Who said of champagne, ‘In victory you deserve it. In defeat you need it’ ?

When do people in your country drink champagne?

Work in groups. Read the article about champagne. Answer the questionnaire.

CHAMPAGNE OR SPARKLING WINE?

Only wine which is produced in the Champagne region of France can be labelled 'champagne'. In Spain, Australia, the United States, Germany, Italy, and South Africa sparkling wines are produced in the same way as champagne, using the 'methode champenoise', but they are not allowed to have the des­cription 'champagne' on their labels.

‘LA CHAMPAGNE’ AND ‘LE CHAMPAGNE’

'La Champagne' is a limited area 140 kilo­metres north-east of Paris. Vines have been grown in this region of France for more than 2,000 years, but until the 17th century still wine, not sparkling wine, was produced. 'Le champagne' was first made in the 17th cen­tury. The experiments of a Benedictine monk, Dom Perignon, led to the develop­ment of the 'methode champenoise'

TYPES OF GRAPE

Champagne is made from three types of grape, the black Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier, and the white Chardonnay grape. These are the only varieties which are permitted in Champagne. Typically, two thirds black grapes and one third white are used to make cham­pagne. 'Blanc de Blancs' is made from white grapes only.

CHAMPAGNE CELLARS

Under the vineyards of Champagne there are 200 kilometres of chalk cellars. They were cut by the Romans and they have been used since Roman times. Their constant 10°C temperature is ideal for producing champagne. This underground chalk ex­tends as far as Britain, where it rises above ground as the White Cliffs of Dover!