English for Economist and managers-1

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2.The success of existing organizations stimulates the widespread formation of forest cooperatives in all woodland sections.

3.The association through a trained and competent personnel agrees to mark standing trees for removal and to sell the products.

4.The dealer has already purchased for his mill large quantity of logs cut from farm woodlands.

5.Piece products are bought upon the basis of specifications established by the purchaser.

6.It is profitable to sell products of higher quality to specialized industries.

7.Planned purchases are generally defined as purchase decisions made before entering the retail outlet.

8.The economic value of the wood products consumed was estimated.

9.The reinvested funds theoretically belong to the common stockholders.

10.Most firms located in coastal regions were in Free Trade Zones.

11.Solid wood products were major materials used at that time.

12.About 5 percent of imported wood products were used annually.

13.Furniture made from plastic and glass components are newly emerged technologies.

14.There is a growing demand for many types of furniture.

15.Population growth is a driving force of economic and social changes.

16.Smaller firms bought more dried lumber.

17.Because of the laws governing the markets, much information is available for investors.

18.In a three-sector economy, consisting of business, government and households, the major supplier of funds for investment is the household sector.

19.The more certain the expected income, the less volatile price movements will be.

20.The material included in plan is tabular in form, logical in arrangement, and coordinated so that the aims of management are carried out effectively.

21.A coordinated plan of management is essential for the successful practice of the art of forestry on farm woodlands.

22.As a result of detailed and extensive studies by economists in the fields of agriculture and forestry, a fairly clear picture of the place of the farm forest in agricultural economy is available,

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23.The funds remaining in the corporation will be used for highly profitable investment opportunities.

24.When the parties to an international transaction are well known to each other and the countries involved are politically stable, sales are made on credit.

25.The government also imposes taxes or duties on imported goods.

26.Dumping means shipping large amounts of a product to another country at prices below the cost of production or below the selling price.

27.A major factor affecting the productivity and cost of both motor-manual and mechanized logging is the size of the trees removed.

28.These kilns are exported to all continents with an increasing turnover every year.

29.A large majority of multi-function machines sold in the country was harvesters.

30.A high price level caused partly by strict environmental requirements is a problem, however.

31.In most cases, mills are price makers; contractors having limited power are price takers.

32.This technology puts the lumber producer in the position of requiring increased flexibility in order to supply more frequent deliveries of smaller wood volumes.

33.The retailing sector experienced important modifications in the last decade in order to satisfy the customers.

34.Sales of sawdust wastes to other firms typically result in a negative cash flow as the cost of transportation is usually higher than the price received.

35.Because of the laws governing the markets, much information is available for investors.

36.Perhaps the biggest change encompassing the investment banking industry is the consolidation of large financial resources among a few very large bankers.

37.The principal products from farm woodlands sold by individual piece are railroad ties, poles and piling.

3.Underline Absolute Participle Construction in the following sentences and translate the sentences into Russian.

1.All goods having been exported , the wood-based products accounted for 38 % of the whole value.

2. All data having been collected and evaluated, the final decision was made.

3.Tree size increasing, unit cost of wood produced decreased.

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4. Underline Participle I and Participle II in the following sentences and translate the sentences into Russian.

1Mills of this type are more expensive than the more commonly used circularsaw type.

2In this cooperative the owner agrees to deliver and sell woodland products to established wood-using industries.

3When props of various sizes are bought unclassified, the total cubic contents serve as a basis for the average sale price.

4The community forest is normally a publicly owned property and in this way differs from the privately owned farm woodland or estate forest.

5Investment banking is becoming more internationally oriented, causing many firms to become global in nature.

6The average daily earnings of a worker using his own chainsaw is roughly US $ 70.

7A poorly managed, stagnant economy offers private investors fewer opportunities.

8Wood-based products account for 38 % of the value of all goods exported.

EVERYDAY ENGLISH

Apologies. (Извинения)

Sorry! — Извините! (если вы причинили кому-либо незначительное неудобство).

I'm (I am) terribly sorry. — Я очень сожалею.

Excuse me. — Извините (перед тем, как побеспокоить кого-л.) I beg you pardon. — Извините! (немного старомодно.)

Sorry?/Pardon? (с вопросительной интонацией). — Простите? (используется, чтобы попросить кого-либо повторить сказанное, так как вы не расслышали, не поняли или не верите услышанному.

Answers to apologies. (Ответы на извинения)

Not at all! — Нисколько! (Совсем нет).

Don't mention it! — Ничего. (Пустяки).

It's all right. It's OK! — Пожалуйста. (Все в порядке).

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That's nothing. — Ничего.

Don't worry! — He беспокойтесь.

Don't bother! — He беспокойтесь.

Never mind. — He беда. (Не обращайте внимания).

UNIT 9

READING

Text 13

Presentation of a new product

Here is Mr. Brown's presentation of a new product to his colleagues in Citrus Inc. This firm is considered to be a multi-national soft-drink manufacturer. It is known all over the world.

―Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.

I'm going to be talking this morning about a new product which we are planning to launch in two months' time. It's called KOOL-OUT. It's a lemon-flavored drink.

As you remember we stopped producing lemonade two years ago. Now we are offering a similar drink with an improved flavor, packaging and design.

I would like to draw your attention to the fact that we have completely changed the label and the slogan. Besides the drink will come both in bottle and can. You will see all that in the video which will follow later.

Now let me say a few words about the selling price. It will be slightly higher than the price of the lemonade in the past. In spite of the higher selling price it will compete well with existing brands. It should be noted that the design is more modern, the flavor is more natural and it's low calorie, too.

Well, that's all I have to say for the moment. Thank you for listening. Let's see the video now and if you have any questions then, I'll be happy to answer them‖.

1. Find English equivalents for the following Russian expressions:

1.презентация нового продукта

2.начать выпуск через два месяца

3.прекратить производство

4.улучшенный вкус

5.обладать малой калорийностью

2.Translate these noun combinations and use them in your own sentences:

1.soft-drink manufacturer

2.in bottle and can

3.the label and the slogan

4.the price of the lemonade

5.all over the world

3. Say if the statements are true or false.

1.This firm is considered to be a beginner in the soft-drink manufacturing.

2.The selling price of the new drink is very high.

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3.KOOL-OUT has more natural flavor and low calorie.

4.The new product is called Coca-Cola.

5.The firm has changed the label and the slogan.

4. Choose the correct form of the verb:

1.This firm (is / was) known all over the world.

2.He (will go / is going) to be talking this morning about a new product.

3.They (stopped / have stopped) producing lemonade two years ago.

4.Its price (is going to be / will be) slightly higher than the price of the lemonade in the past.

5.You will see all that in the video which (follows / will follow) later.

5. Answer the questions:

1.What firm is considered to be a multi-national soft-drink manufacturer?

2.What drink are they offering to the public?

3.What did they stop producing two years ago?

4.What are the qualities of the new product?

5.What can you say about the selling price?

6.Who will be happy to answer the questions?

6.Make your presentation of a new product using expressions and word

combinations from the text.

Read and translate the text. Learn the unknown words.

GRAMMAR

Gerund

Герундий

Герундий (Gerund) - неличная форма глагола, сочетающая в себе свойства глагола и существительного, образуется прибавлением -ing к основе глагола. I like reading. Я люблю читать.

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Запомните следующие глаголы и выражения, требующие после себя герундия

В русском языке нет формы, аналогичной форме герундия. На русский язык герундий переводится:

инфинитивом I hate working late on Sundays. - Ненавижу работать по воскресеньям.

отглагольным существительным I like swimming. – Я люблю плавать.

деепричастием He went out without leaving his address – Он ушел, не оставив адреса.

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Запомните следующие глаголы и выражения, требующие после себя герундия с определенными предлогами

придаточным предложением Excuse me for interrupting you. –Извините,

что я вас прерываю.

ТЕСТ 13

1. People are talking about their jobs. Underline the Gerunds and translate the following sentences into Russian.

1.I enjoy meeting new people.

2.I hate working late at night.

3.I really enjoy working with figures; this kind of work is perfect for me.

4.I don‘t mind travelling long distances. It‘s tiring but if I don‘t visit customers regularly, our competitors will.

5.I like receiving visitors. I usually only speak to them for a few seconds on the phone so I like to visit them on person.

2.Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to Gerund

1.You may wait anywhere from ten minutes to an hour before engaging in business conversation.

2.Meetings are necessary in establishing relationships for future business, and in negotiating deals.

3.Excuse me, would you mind repeating that, please?

4.Thank you for letting me know that.

5.I am truly grateful to you for helping me (for your advice).

6.Thank you for inviting me to your company office.

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7.Thank you for contributing so much to the arranging of the meeting.

8.I wonder if you would mind repeating that for me.

9. Would you mind spelling that (word, name) for me?

10. Don‘t worry about taking notes.

3.Translate into Russian paying attention to Gerund

1. .Inflation leads to phantom profits which are created as a result of buying goods and reselling them at higher price.

2.Because of the variation in costs of harvesting and transporting the product, the determination of the values of standing timber is difficult.

3.Characterizing economic and social conditions in this region requires a multidimensional approach.

4.The expense of making frequent renewals in farm structures and fence lines have created a natural interest in wood preservatives.

5.The basis of handling any forest property is similar to that by which any current business is run.

6.The cost of transporting logs will vary with the size of the logs, the capacity of the truck, the distance of transport and number of trips.

7.The advantages of selling securities in the public markets must be weighed against the disadvantages.

8.The principle of determining the net annual income and applying it to the property as a whole is in forestry called forest rent.

9.The plan, in general, will consist of the foundation material, the prescribed management, and the proper forms of keeping the records.

10.The valuation of a financial asset is based on determining the present value of future cash flows.

11.The whole process of ordering, contract manufacturing, fulfillment and payment is automated.

12.In spite of company size and limited resources, companies still increase their use of marketing.

13.Pricing is further complicated by varying land rents and tax treatment.

14.The landowner has no way of assessing the potential value of sale without a good estimate of the sale volume.

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EVERYDAY ENGLISH

Giving a talk

1. Presenting the structure of the talk

I am here today to talk about…

The subject of my talk is…

The talk is in three parts.

The first ( second, third) part is about…

2.Introducing each point

First/ now/ finally… Let’s start with… Let’s look at… Let’s talk about…

3.Ending

Do you have any questions?

Thank you.

2. Look at the extracts from the presentation and fill in the gaps

1.My name is Sarah James and I am ….. to … a presentation … company Pizza Hut. The ……… of my presentation is about the company structure of Pizza Hut (UK). The second part … the present activity of the company in the UK. I want to … about our future plans.

2.Now, I … to tell you about the company‘s present activity.

3.Do … any questions?

3. Look at the part of the presentation about famous brands. Open the brackets. Choose the right tense.

Good morning, everybody! I‘d like to look at brands this morning and as a example I (choose) McDonald‘s .

McDonald‘s (be) famous all over the world. It (serve) forty million customers very day. A new McDonald‘s (open) in the world every five hours. The restaurants (look) the same and the menu (be) same.