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4.Did you go … on Sunday?
5.The weather is fine. Let’s go … . I don’t want to stay at home.
Упражнение 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или в
Past Continuous.
1.I (to play) computer games yesterday.
2.I (to play) computer games at five o’clock yesterday.
3.She (to sleep) when I (to come) home.
4.My sister (to dance) the whole evening.
5.When I (to come) into the kitchen, mother (to cook).
6.When Tom (to cross) the street, he (to fall).
7.At this time yesterday I (to go) home.
Упражнение 7. Поставьте предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной форме.
1.Jane will take her exams in June.
2.This theme is very interesting.
3.I visited my friends in Scotland.
4.He was working in the laboratory at 10 o’clock.
5.We drink coffee every morning.
6.They are taking five courses this semester.
7.He will be playing chess at 12 on Sunday.
8.We moved to a new flat last month.
Упражнение 8. Кратко изложите содержание текста на языке обучения.
Вариант 5
Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите данный текст.
Plants that have seeds
Some plants have small flowers, others – big bright blossoms. Most trees have flowers, too. For example, the flowers of oak are small and green. They bloom in spring.
Little flowers as well as big flowers make seeds. Grass seeds are small as dust specks. Oak seeds are much bigger. They are called acorns. In each of these seeds there is a baby plant. There is also food for it.
Pine and fir trees make seeds, too, but they do not bloom. They make their seeds in cones. So they are called cone-bearing plants. The other kinds of plants that make seeds are called flowering plants.
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Both cone-bearing and flowering plants have roots, stems and leaves. The root anchors the plant. It also takes in water and other needed things from the soil. The stem connects the root and the leaves. Tiny pipes in the stem bring the leaf water, tiny holes let in air and sunlight. The air is mixed with water and other materials. The green coloring of the leaves – chlorophyll – acts as the cook. With the help of sunlight, it turns air and water into a sugary mixture. This is the plant’s food.
Leaves use some of the food they make. The rest goes through veins into the stem. The stem uses some of the food. All that is left goes to the roots. They use some and store the rest.
Пояснения к тексту: To bloom – цвести Blossoms – соцветия Acorn – желудь Cone – шишка
Cone-bearing plants – шишконосные растения Flowering plants – цветущие растения
To anchor – зд. фиксировать, закреплять
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
1.What plants have flowers?
2.What is the main function of flowers?
3.How do grass seeds look like?
4.How are oak seeds called?
5.What is there in each of these seeds?
6.What are the basic parts of all plants?
7.How is the green coloring of the leaves called?
8.What does chlorophyll do in a plant?
Упражнение 3. Найдите в тексте два предложения, сказуемые которых выражены глаголами to be и to have. Выпишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык.
Упражнение 4. Найдите предложение с прилагательным, стоящим в одной из степеней сравнения. Выпишите предложение, подчеркните прилагательное и переведите его на русский язык.
Упражнение 5. Заполните пропуски личными или притяжательными местоимениями по смыслу.
1.We’re staying at a very nice hotel. … room is very comfortable.
2.We are going to invite all … friends to the party.
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3.John is a teacher but … sister is a nurse.
4.I have two books. … are good.
5.Jane is … sister. She is older than … am.
6.My parents are coming to see … on Saturday. I like to spend my weekend with … .
Упражнение 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous или Past Perfect.
1.When I called at his house, they (to tell) me that he (to leave) an hour before.
2.Last night we (to go) to a football match.
3.While we (to cross) the road, I (to see) Victor.
4.I (to sit) in an armchair and (to think) of my summer holidays.
5.I (to think) he already (to go) home.
6.He (to speak) a language we never (to hear) before.
7.They (to travel) along the coast of Africa last year.
Упражнение 7. Поставьте предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной форме.
1.Tom is sleeping right now.
2.He will take part in our work.
3.I accepted his invitation with pleasure.
4.It was raining the whole morning yesterday.
5.We are going to the country for the weekend.
6.Nick often takes part in sports events.
7.Yesterday we had supper at home.
8.Bill will be working at seven in the evening.
Упражнение 8. Кратко изложите содержание текста на языке обучения.
Контрольная работа № 3
Перед выполнением контрольной работы № 3 необходимо повторить грамматический и лексический материал предыдущих заданий и изучить следующие разделы грамматики:
1.Порядок слов в английском предложении.
2.Времена английского языка в действительном залоге.
3.Модальные глаголы.
4.Согласование времен. Косвенная речь.
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Вариант 1
Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите данный текст.
Plants without seeds
Have you ever seen brown powder on the underside of a fern leaf? Specks of this powder can start new plants. Each speck is a spore. There is no food in it – just the beginning of a new plant.
Although ferns never make seeds, they are like flowering plants in many ways. They have roots, stems and leaves. Some grow so tall they are called tree ferns.
Mosses grow from spores, too, but they have no roots. Instead they have tiny hairs which hold them in place. A little stalk serves as the stem. From it grow leaflets and tiny cases which hold the spores.
Seaweeds belong to another group of plants that start from spores. These plants are called algae. They have no roots, stems or leaves. Yet they can make food from the air and water, for they have chlorophyll.
Some plants have no chlorophyll, so they cannot make food. They live on dead things – rotten wood, dried leaves, decaying fruit. These are fungus plants. Each plant starts from a little spore. A mushroom is a big fungus. Molds are plants, too. They use dead plants and other wastes.
Пояснения к тексту: Fern – папоротник Speck – частица
Spore – спора
Tree fern – древовидный папоротник
Moss – мох
Stalk – стебель
Stem – ствол
Leaflet – листочек, молодой лист Seaweeds – морские травы Algae – водоросли
Fungus – грибковое растение Mold - плесень
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
1.What is a spore?
2.Why do ferns resemble flowering plants in many ways?
3.How do mosses grow?
4.What plants are called algae?
5.How do plants without chlorophyll make food?
6.Give the examples of fungus plants.
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Упражнение 3. Выпишите из текста два предложения с модальными глаголами. Переведите их на русский язык.
Упражнение 4. Найдите в тексте предложение, сказуемое которого стоит в Present Perfect. Выпишите его, подчеркните сказуемое и переведите предложение на русский язык.
Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки и составьте предложения, соблюдая правильный порядок слов.
1./attended/times/I/lectures/three/a week/
2./breakfast/my mother/in/prepares/the kitchen/
3.last/he/generally/for/year/was/late/the classes/
4.will/it/for/to come/difficult/me/here/not/early/be/
5.is/from/by/the hall/separated/the stage/the orchestra/
Упражнение 6. Выберите нужную форму глагола (Past Simple, Past Continuous или Past Perfect).
1.When I (to arrive) the lecture already (to start).
2.I (to make) a cake when the light (to go) out. I had to finish it in the dark.
3.Unfortunately when I arrived Ann just (to leave), so we only had time for a few words.
4.When we (to reach) the field, the game already (to start).
5.He suddenly (to realize) that he (to travel) in the wrong direction.
6.When I (to look) for my passport I (to find) this old photograph.
7.He (not allow) us to go out in the boat yesterday as a strong wind (to blow).
8.He (to have) a bath when the phone (to ring).
Упражнение 7. Перепишите предложения, изменив прямую речь на косвенную.
1.He says, “They will achieve success.”
2.Jane said, “I went to see them the day before yesterday.”
3.John said, “Peter is looking through the paper now.”
4.“I’ll go there tomorrow”, Sandra said.
5.He said to me, “My father died a year ago.”
6.He asked me, “Is Mr. Smith a doctor?”
7.Fred asked a porter, “Has the train for London left?”
8.She said, “Our group has worked in the lab today.”
Упражнение 8. Кратко изложите содержание текста на языке обучения.
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Вариант 2
Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите данный текст.
Seed propagation
Each seed produces an entirely new plant. Seedlings produced from seeds of the same seed lot differ from one another, just as people do. Many seedlings are propagated and used as rootstocks for budding and grafting. When they are used in this way, all should be uniformly vigorous and healthy but they do not need perfect uniformity of ornamental characters.
A seed that is adapted to the growing area is essential, because some species grow over a vast continental area in which climatic conditions can vary dramatically. Seeds must therefore be collected from a location similar in climate and latitude to the one in which the plants will eventually be grown. Seeds from a nearby location will produce seedlings which are genetically adapted to the climatic conditions imposed on them; seeds from other geographical areas of similar latitude and climate may also produce adapted seedlings. A seedling should not be grown more than 500 km north of the location in which it was collected. Altitudinal differences can also cause problems, and therefore variations of more than 1000 m elevation are not recommended.
Пояснения к тексту: Propagation – разведение Seedling – сеянец
Rootstock – корневой побег, подвой Budding – прививка глазком Grafting - черенкование
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
1.What does each seed produce?
2.Are seedlings from one tree different or alike?
3.How are many seedlings used?
4.Why should we consider climatic conditions while collecting seeds?
5.In what area should a seedling be grown?
6.Why are variations of more than 1000 m elevation not recommended?
Упражнение 3. Выпишите из текста два предложения, содержащие модальные глаголы. Переведите их на русский язык.
Упражнение 4. Найдите в тексте предложение, сказуемое которого стоит в Future Simple. Выпишите его, подчеркните сказуемое и переведите предложение на русский язык.
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Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки и составьте предложения, соблюдая правильный порядок слов.
1.to/breakfast/I/after/the Institute/go/
2.there/a/bank/was/here/formerly/
3.did/they/not/listen/to/want/to me/
4.seven/past/half/breakfast/have/at/we/
5.father/the garden/my/now/in/working/is/
Упражнение 6. Выберите нужную форму глагола (Past Simple или Past Continuous).
1.It (to snow) when they (leave) the house.
2.Tom (to see) the advertisement in the morning paper while the family (have) coffee.
3.While Tom (to ring) Nick up Mary (to begin) sweeping the floor.
4.The door of the room (to be) open, his sister still (to cry) at the window.
5.I (to play) with the dog when a man came into the hall.
6.I (to sit) down , (to open) the book and (to begin) to read.
7.The University (to be) the biggest and it (to grow) bigger all the time.
8.The day (to get) hotter, it (to be) nearly twelve.
Упражнение 7. Перепишите предложения, изменив прямую речь на косвенную.
1.Michael says, “I’ve just seen your elder brother.”
2.She said, “John, when are you leaving?”
3.“Please, show them round the city”, Peter said to them.
4.Roger said, “My uncle has been here more than once.” 5.“We have a lift but very often it doesn’t work”, they said.
6.“We have moved into a new flat”, said my aunt.
7.“Nothing grows in the garden. It never gets any sun”, she said.
8.You must get up early in the morning tomorrow”, my sister said.
Упражнение 8. Кратко изложите содержание текста на языке обучения.
Вариант 3
Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите данный текст.
Seed collection
It is best to collect seeds from superior plants, because the general character traits of the mother plant are inherited by its seedlings, even though there are
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variations among seedlings from the same mother plant. Superior traits include growth rate, disease resistance, plant hardiness and plant form.
Knowledge of seed collection is acquired with many years of experience. The date that seeds should be collected differs every year and with each species. Seed maturity is usually associated with a change of fruit color from the immature green stage. Some seeds are dispersed from the tree or shrub as soon as they are ripe; some are eaten by birds. As a rule, seeds must be collected at the proper maturity to facilitate germination. There are, of course, other seeds that may be collected over several weeks or more.
Proper labeling of freshly collected seed is essential. A good waterproof label should show the name of the species and the source of the seed, because sources may vary in germination. The label should also show the day, month, and year of collection. This information indicates when you should collect the seed the following season.
Пояснения к тексту: Growth rate – темп роста
Disease resistance – сопротивление болезням
Maturity – зрелость
To disperse – разбрасывать, рассеивать Shrub – кустарник
Germination - прорастание
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
1.What plants is it best to collect seeds from?
2.What are superior traits of the plant?
3.How is seed maturity determined?
4.In what period must the seeds be collected?
5.What information is it necessary to show on the label?
Упражнение 3. Найдите в тексте неопределенно-личное предложение, выпишите его и переведите на русский язык.
Упражнение 4. Выпишите из текста два предложения с модальными глаголами и переведите их на русский язык.
Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки и составьте предложения, соблюдая правильный порядок слов.
1./Institute/your/far/your/from/is/home?/
2./I/when/like/it/didn’t/rained/my/in/childhood/
3./city/part/in/street/traffic/very/the/heavy/was/of/this/the/
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4./usually/I/the morning/o’clock/seven/at/get up/in/
5./Mother/the piano/now/playing/is/my/
Упражнение 6. Выберите нужную форму глагола (Present Continuous или
Present Perfect).
1.What you (to talk) about?
2.Please, give me a pencil, I (to lose) mine.
3.Pete (to go) home now. He (to leave) the room a minute ago.
4.- What you (to do) here at such a late hour? You (to write) your composition? – No, I (to write) it already. I (to work) at my report.
5.I (to see) this film this week. I like it very much.
6.Look at the children: they (to skate) very well.
7.The rain (to stop) and the sun (to shine) in the sky again.
Упражнение 7. Перепишите предложения, изменив прямую речь на косвенную.
1.She has said to me, “I’m awfully tired.”
2.He asked me, “Where are they now?”
3.Bill said, “I remember she was good at singing.”
4.“I’ve been in London for a month but I haven’t had time to visit the Tower”, he said.
5.Don’t argue with your father”, I said.
6.“My friend lives in Moscow”, said Alec.
7.The teacher said to the class: “We shall discuss this subject tomorrow.”
8.He said, “They are leaving next Monday”.
Упражнение 8. Кратко изложите содержание текста на языке обучения.
Вариант 4
Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите данный текст.
Cleaning of seeds
Seeds are cleaned to extract them from the enclosing fruit structures, to remove debris and extraneous material, and to eliminate damaged and empty seeds. Cleaning results in sound seed with high viability, which is less heavy and can therefore be stored easily. In general, clean seed is more adaptable to mechanical sowing. It also often germinates more quickly than whole fruit.
Various methods of cleaning may be used, depending on the size of sample and the type of seed.
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Conifer cones should be collected before seed dispersal and placed in drying chamber to facilitate cone opening and seed dispersal.
Dry dehiscent fruit, such as lupine, are easy to clean. It is necessary to spread the sample thinly on the floor or on the bench in a warm, well-ventilated room. When the seed dehisce they can be separated from the debris by shaking them through a mesh screen or by exposing them to blasts of air from an air separator.
Seeds of dry indehiscent fruits, such as basswood and maple, are extracted by dehulling machines. Cleaning seeds of fleshy fruit involves macerating the seeds from the pulp.
Пояснения к тексту:
To enclose – заключать, ограничивать
Debris – остатки
Viability – жизнеспособность Conifer – хвойное дерево
Cone – шишка
Dehiscent – раскрывающийся Basswood – американская липа
Maple – клен
Dehulling – очищение от скорлупы, лущение To macerate – вымачивать, размачивать
Pulp – мякоть плода; мягкая бесформенная масса
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
1.What should be removed from the seeds while cleaning?
2.What are the main characteristics of the sound seed?
3.What do various methods of cleaning depend on?
4.At what stage should conifer cones be collected?
5.Are dry dehiscent fruit difficult or easy to clean?
6.How are seeds of dry indehiscent fruit extracted?
Упражнение 3. Найдите в тексте предложение, содержащее наречие. Выпишите предложение, подчеркните в нем наречие и переведите на русский язык.
Упражнение 4. Выпишите из текста два предложения с модальными глаголами и переведите их на русский язык.
Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки и составьте предложения, соблюдая правильный порядок слов.
1. /do/work/after/you/what/your/do/in the evening?/