Римское право практикум по курсу - Кудинов О.А
..pdfɆɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ, ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɤɢ
Ɉ.Ⱥ. Ʉɭɞɢɧɨɜ
ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɭ
Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ
Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 2003
Ʉɭɞɢɧɨɜ Ɉ.Ⱥ. ɊɂɆɋɄɈȿ ɉɊȺȼɈ: ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɭ / Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ, ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɤɢ. - Ɇ.: Ɇɗɋɂ, 2003. - 119 ɫ.
ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɫɯɟɦɵ, ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɤɚɤ ɩɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɟɦɚɦ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɭ; ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɞɟɥɨɜɵɯ ɢɝɪ; ɬɨɥɤɨɜɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ; ɯɪɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɭ «Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ» – ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧ ɤɚɤ ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ, ɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɤɭɪɫɚ ɭɱɟɛɧɭɸ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ.
Ⱥɜɬɨɪ: Ʉɭɞɢɧɨɜ Ɉɥɟɝ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɢɱ,
ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɞɨɰɟɧɬ
Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬ: ɒɚɜɪɨɜ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɣ ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪɨɜɢɱ,
ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ
©Ʉɭɞɢɧɨɜ Ɉɥɟɝ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɢɱ, 2003
©Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ, ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɤɢ, 2003
2
Ɉɝɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ |
4 |
1. ɋɯɟɦɵ |
8 |
1.1. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɹ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ |
8 |
1.2. ɋɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɢɫɤɚɦ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ |
12 |
1.3. ɋɭɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ: ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɥɢɰ |
14 |
1.4. ɋɟɦɟɣɧɨɟ ɢ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
16 |
1.5. ȼɟɳɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
21 |
1.6. Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
32 |
1.7. Ɋɟɰɟɩɰɢɹ Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ |
38 |
2. |
Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɤ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɟɦɚɦ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ |
41 |
2.1. Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 1. Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ XII ɬɚɛɥɢɰ ɢ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ Ƚɚɹ ɤɚɤ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ |
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ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ. ɋɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ |
41 |
2.2. Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 2. Ʌɢɰɚ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ, ɪɢɦɫɤɚɹ ɫɟɦɶɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
44 |
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2.3. Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 3. ɉɪɚɜɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ |
48 |
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2.4. Ɂɚɧɹɬɢɟ 4. Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɹɦ Ƚɚɹ |
50 |
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3. |
Ⱦɟɥɨɜɵɟ ɢɝɪɵ |
54 |
4. |
ɂɬɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ |
59 |
5. |
Ʌɚɬɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɟɧɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ |
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ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ |
67 |
6. |
ɋɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɭ |
68 |
7. |
Ʉɪɚɬɤɢɣ ɥɚɬɢɧɨ-ɪɭɫɫɤɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ |
79 |
8. |
ɏɪɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ |
83 |
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ |
88 |
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Ⱦɪɟɜɧɢɣ Ɋɢɦ |
90 |
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Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ XII ɬɚɛɥɢɰ |
90 |
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ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ Ƚɚɹ |
98 |
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3
1.ɋɯɟɦɵ
1.1.ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɹ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɵ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɝɨ Ɋɢɦɚ
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754/753 ɝ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ. |
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ɝ |
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ɂɦɩɟɪɢɹ |
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ɰɚɪɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ |
510/509 |
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ɞɨ ɧ |
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ɝ ɧ |
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Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ |
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284 . |
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476 |
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ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɬ |
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Ⱦɨɦɢɧɚɧɬ |
ɉɚɞɟɧɢɟ Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɨɣ |
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Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɣ ɂɦɩɟɪɢɢ |
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395 ɝ. ɧ.ɷ. |
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Ɋɚɫɩɚɞ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ ɧɚ |
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Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɭɸ ɢ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɭɸ |
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(ȼɢɡɚɧɬɢɸ) |
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Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɵ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɝɨ Ɋɢɦɚ
Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɣɲɢɣ |
Ʉɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ |
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ɉɨɫɬɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ |
VIII ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ. – ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɚ III ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ. |
ɋɟɪɟɞɢɧɚ III ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ. – ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɚ III ɜ. ɧ.ɷ. |
Ʉɨɧɟɰ III ɜ. ɧ.ɷ. |
VI ɜ. ɧ.ɷ. |
ɂɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ
Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ
ɉɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
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ɑɚɫɬɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
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ɐɢɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
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ɉɪɟɬɨɪɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
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ɉɪɚɜɨ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ |
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ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
(jus civile) |
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(jus pretorium) |
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(jus gentium) |
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(jus naturale) |
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Ⱦɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɪɢɦɥɹɧ ɫ |
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ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɵ |
ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɦɢ |
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ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, |
ɨɛɳɢɧɚɦɢ ɨ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɟ ɢ |
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ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ |
ɧɟɤ. ɞɪ. |
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ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɧɟɤ. ɞɪ. |
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ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ (ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ)
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ
ɩɪɚɜɚ
ɉɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ |
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Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ (ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ |
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Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ |
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ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ |
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Ɍɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚ |
ɨɛɵɱɚɢ |
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ɤɨɦɢɰɢɣ ɢ ɫɟɧɚɬɚ) |
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ɪɟɤɫɨɜ |
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ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɜ |
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ɩɨɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɦɢ |
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ
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Ɉɛɵɱɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ |
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Ɂɚɤɨɧ |
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ɗɞɢɤɬɵ |
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ɘɪɢɫɩɪɭɞɟɧɰɢɹ |
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ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɜ |
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(ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ |
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(ɩɪɟɬɨɪɨɜ, ɷɞɢɥɨɜ ɢ |
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ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ) |
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ɧɟɤ. ɞɪ.) |
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ɉɟɪɢɨɞ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ: |
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ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɢɰɢɣ ɢ |
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ɫɟɧɚɬɚ |
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ɉɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɬɚ: |
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ɷɞɢɤɬɵ, ɞɟɤɪɟɬɵ, |
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ɪɟɫɤɪɢɩɬɵ, ɦɚɧɞɚɬɵ |
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ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɫɚ; ɫɟɧɚɬɭɫ- |
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ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɵ |
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ɉɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨɦɢɧɚɬɚ: |
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ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ |
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ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ, |
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ɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ |
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1.2. ɋɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɢɫɤɚɦ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ
ȼɢɞɵ ɢɫɤɨɜ (ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ)
Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ
I ɉɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ |
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ɂɫɤɢ, ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ |
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ɂɫɤɢ, ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ «ɸɫ |
ɰɢɜɢɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ |
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ɝɟɧɬɢɭɦ» (ɩɪɟɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ) |
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III ɉɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɫɭɞɶɢ |
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ɂɫɤɢ ɫɬɪɨɝɨɝɨ |
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ɂɫɤɢ ɛɨɧɷ |
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ɂɫɤɢ |
ɩɪɚɜɚ |
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ɮɢɞɷ |
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ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɪɧɵɟ |
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V ɉɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɰɟɥɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢɫɬɰɚ
II ɉɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɱɢɤɚ
ȼɟɳɧɵɟ ɢɫɤɢ |
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Ʌɢɱɧɵɟ ɢɫɤɢ |
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IV ɉɨ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
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ɂɫɤɢ |
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ɂɫɤɢ ɩɨ |
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ɂɫɤɢ ɫ |
ɩɪɹɦɵɟ |
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ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɢ |
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ɮɢɤɰɢɟɣ |
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ɂɫɤɢ |
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ɂɫɤɢ |
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ɂɫɤɢ «ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɟ» (ɨ ɜɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɢ ɡɚ |
ɪɟɢɩɟɪɫɟɤɭɬɨɪɧɵɟ |
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ɲɬɪɚɮɧɵɟ |
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ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɳɢ ɟɟ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɰɟɧɵ) |
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Ɏɨɪɦɵ ɥɟɝɢɫɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ
ɂɧ ɸɪɟ |
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ɂɧ ɸɞɢɰɢɨ |
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(ɭ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɚ) |
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(ɭ ɫɭɞɶɢ) |
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Ʌɟɝɢɫ ɚɤɰɢɨ ɫ «ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɥɨɝɚ»
ɢɫɬɰɨɦ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɱɢɤɨɦ
Ʌɟɝɢɫ ɚɤɰɢɨ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ «ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɫɬɰɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɢɬɶ ɫɭɞɶɸ»
Ʌɟɝɢɫ ɚɤɰɢɨ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ «ɹɜɤɭ ɨɬɜɟɬɱɢɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɞɶɢ»
Ʌɟɝɢɫ ɚɤɰɢɨ ɫ «ɜɡɹɬɢɟɦ ɡɚɥɨɝɚ ɭ
ɞɨɥɠɧɢɤɚ»
1.3. ɋɭɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ: ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɥɢɰ
ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ «ɥɢɰɚ» ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ
ɉɨɥɧɚɹ
ɩɪɚɜɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ
ɥɢɰɚ
ɋɬɚɬɭɫ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ
ɋɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɟ
ɋɬɚɬɭɫ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ
Ɋɢɦɫɤɢɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɟ
ȼ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ
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ɉɪɚɜɨ ɜɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɜ |
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ɉɪɚɜɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɬɶ |
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ɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɣ ɛɪɚɤ |
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ɫɞɟɥɤɢ, ɬɨɪɝɨɜɚɬɶ |
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ɋɟɦɟɣɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ
ɋɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ (ɩɨɥɧɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɟ) ɝɥɚɜɵ
ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜ
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɚɹ
ɩɪɚɜɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ
Ɋɚɛɵ
ɋɪɟɞɧɟɟ
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ
Ʌɢɰɚ, ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɬɜɚ
Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ
Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɟɦɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ
ɉɨɞɜɥɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɝɥɚɜɟ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ
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