1 Rewrite the sentences to include a participle clause instead of a relative clause.
Example: Can you see the woman who's dressed in red and sitting in the corner?
Can you see the woman dressed in red sitting in the corner?
a People who live'in blocks of flats often complain of loneliness.
b Letters that-a-F€posted before 5 p.m. should arrive the next day.
c The train thatjs standing on platform 5is for Manchester.
d Firemen have rescued passengers who were trapped in the accident.
e It took workmen days to clear up the litter that was dropped by the crowds.
f They live in a lovely house that overlooks the River Thames.
2 Fill the gaps with a verb from the box in either its present or past participle form.
Example: Jo was in a bad mood for the whole week, completely ruining our holiday.
feel
study
explain
take
say
know
direct
steal
borrow
finish
a After ._ her exams, Maggie went Olit to celebrate.
b Jewellery in the robbery has never been recovered.
c I got a letter from the Tax Office ------that I owe them £1,000.
d hungry, I decided to make myself a sandwich.
e Books from the library must be returned in two weeks.
f Not what to do, she burst out crying. g I had a long talk with Jack, why it was important for him to work hard.
h everything into consideration, I've decided to give you a second chance.
i Birdman, by Stephen Spielberg, will be released next month.
j With both children at university, the house seems really quiet.
Unit 7 Theme: Kabira Mukhamedzhanovna Begembai Grammar: Conjunctions
Objectives: Introduction of new lexical material on theme “Kabira Mukhamedzhanovna Begembai (author of brand-letters of Gumilyov ENU)” and fixing active vocabulary in speech exercises, development of skills of monological speech.
Discussion: Worldwide famous brands – existing/existed. Her biography and works. Author of brand-letters of Gumilyov ENU.
Introduction of new grammar theme “Conjunctions” and fulfilling grammar exercises.
Ex. 1. Do the BRAND ALPHABET: A QUIZ. How many brands can you identify in the image below?
About 12 years ago it was presented a quiz titled “Alphabet Soup,” (Vol. 3, No. 2) to see if people could identify a company simply by the first logotype letter in its name. Since then, new companies, and whole new industries, have risen to the forefront. Some of the brands featured in that quiz don’t exist anymore. So, it has been created a new alphabet quiz out of logotypes from some of today’s best-known companies. Keep in mind that the most recognizable letter is sometimes in the middle of the name.
If you’re stumped, take a peek at the answers.
Ex. 2. Can you draw the emblem of your university? Describe it. Who is the author of it? Can you tell the history of its appearance?
Ex. 3. Find the information (biography/works) about Kabira Mukhamedzhanovna Begembai (author of brand-letters of Gumilyov ENU).
Ex. 4. Think of several sentences with these word orders:
Architect – to restore – palace – church.
Town – to have – street furniture – fountain.
Expert – to know – (to) use – reinforced concrete – glass.
Ex. 5. Prepare a dialogue about works of one of famous architects, his latest buildings or ensemble. Therefore translate following phrases and add your information:
A: Не мог (ла) бы ты рассказать мне о ….
B: С радостью. Насколько мне известно, цель проектирования данного … - …. В плане … представляет собой …. Новизна этого … состоит в ….
A: И я так думаю. Пожалуйста, расскажи мне об основных конструктивных элементах и строительных материалах, использованных в ….
В: Если мне память не изменяет, то главные конструктивные элементы … - …, а материалы - ….
А: Я правильно понимаю, что … применяются в … для того, чтобы …?
В: В этом нет сомнения. Также это подтверждается тем, что ….
А: Интересно, что тебе (не) нравится в …?
В: Больше всего мне (не) нравится …, так как ….
А: Я (не) согласен с тобой. Я считаю, что ….
В: Я (ты/мы) забыл(а/и) сказать, что …. А теперь было бы лучше обсудить ….
А: Я не против. Это хорошая мысль. Что ты знаешь о достоинствах и недостатках …?
В: Вот немного информации о …. (Во-первых, …. Во-вторых, …. И т.д.)
А: Прости, что ты сказал(а)? Что означает …?
В: Если я не ошибаюсь, ….
А: Было бы интересно узнать, какие публикации дают наиболее полную и ценную информацию о …?
В: Насколько я помню, это ….
А: Понятно. Большое-пребольшое спасибо.
В: И тебе спасибо.
Ex. 6. Analyze and translate following examples of words-phrases:
Example: Philip Johnson See-Through-It-Isn’t-There Glass House – дом-мираж из прозрачного стекла Филиппа Джонсона; стеклянный дом-призрак Ф. Джонсона.
1. after-the-fact rationalization; 2. out-of-the-way location; 3. lost-in-the-forest pavilions; 4. easy-to-understand diagrams; 5. the feeling of being trapped-in-a-jungle-of-irresponsibilities; 6. squeeze-it-out-of-a-tube architecture
GRAMMAR: Conjunctions
1. Co-ordinating conjunctions: and, but, both … and, or, either … or, neither ... nor, not only ... but also. These conjunctions join pairs of nouns/ adjectives/ adverbs/ verbs/ phrases/ clauses. He plays squash and rugby. He works quickly but accurately. He can’t (either) read (or) write. He can neither write. Not only men but also women were chosen.
Besides (preposition) means ‘in addition to’. It precedes a noun/ pronoun/ gerund: Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden.
However (conjunct) usually means ‘but’. It precedes its adjective/ adverb: You couldn’t earn much, however hard you worked.
Otherwise (conjunct) means ‘if not/or else’. We must be early; otherwise we won’t get a seat.
So (conjunct) precedes its clause: Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi.
Therefore can be used instead of so in formal English” There is fog at Heathrow; the plane, therefore, has been diverted.
Still means ‘admitting that/ nevertheless’. Yet means ‘in spite of that/ all the same/ nevertheless’.
Though means ‘but or yet’: He says he’ll pay, though I don’t think he will.
Subordinating conjunctions: if, that, unless, when etc. These conjunctions introduce subordinate adverb or noun.
When, while, as used to express time. When is used, with simple tenses: When we lived in town we often went to the theatre.
As is used when the second action occurs before the first is finished: As I left the house I remembered the key.
While means ‘during the time that’: As he stood there he saw two men enter the bar.
Ex. 7. Make sentences with ‘both … and … ‘, ‘neither … nor…’, and ‘either ... or … ‘ using the words in brackets.
1. We didn’t like the hotel. It was __________ (clean/ comfortable). 2. I didn’t like the film. It was ____________ (boring/ long). 3. I couldn’t remember his name. He was _______ (Robert? Richard). 4. I wasn’t able to go on holiday that year. I’ve got _ (time/ money). 5. We have tickets for Saturday concert. Which do you prefer? I don’t care, I can go _________ (Saturday/ Sunday). 6. He is an ideal husband. He ________ (smoke/ drink).
Ex. 8. Use both, either or neither in the following sentences.
1. There is a forest of oak trees on …. Bank of the river. 2. The man carried a suit-case in … hands. 3. The first apple pie of the season was on the table and a large dish of purple grapes. 4. I could hear them …, but saw … . 5. … of the two could sing. 6. You may take … of the dictionaries, but not … of them. 7. She had brown shining hair which hung down on … sides of her face. 8. What are you going to have, orange juice or Coke? - …. , I’m not thirsty. 9. Nick and Tom are … my friends. 10. .. the jars, the big one and the small one, are empty. You can take … of them.
Ex. 9. Write the correct conjunction in each gap.
1. Jaewon was cold, ………he put on a coat.
2. Maria tried to read a novel in French, ……..it was too difficult.
3. To get from Vancouver to Victoria, you can fly, …….you can ride the ferry.
4. I bought a bottle of wine, …….we drank it together.
5. The waiter was not very nice, ………the food was delicious.
6. I went to buy a Rolling Stones CD, ………the shop didn't have it. 7. Anna needed some money, ……..she took a part-time job.
8. There's so much rain lately! Maybe it's because of El Nino, ……..maybe it's just coincidence.
9. Julie has a guitar, …………..she plays it really well. 10. The concert was cancelled, ……….we went to a nightclub instead.
Ex. 10. Paying attention to the meanings of the sentences, and to the presence of inverted word order, fill in the blanks with the correct coordinate conjunctions chosen from the pairs given in brackets. For example: I would like to come, ___ I do not have time. (but, nor) I would like to come, but I do not have time.
He has not written, ___ has he called me. (but, nor)
He has not written, nor has he called me.
I opened the door _________ looked out. (and, yet)
She was not in the back yard, _________ was she upstairs. (or, nor)
The sun had set, _________ it was still light outside. (or, yet)
Do you know his address _________ telephone number? (but, or)
He has not arrived yet, _________ have they. (and, nor)
I read the book, _________ did not understand it. (but, or)
We searched diligently, ________ found nothing. (or, yet)
Ex.11. Conjunctions in time clauses. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense, Present Simple, Present Perfect, or a future form.
a You ____________ (not get) better unless you __________ (eat) sensibly.
b We __________ (not move) to Paris until we ______ (find) a flat there to rent.
c You __________ (love) Adam when you _________ (meet) him. He's so funny.
d _________ you __________ (learn) drive as soon as you ___________ (be) I7?
e The children ________ ( not go) to bed unless they _________ (have) a glass of mi
f It _________ (be) at least an hour before I ___________ (finish) this report.
g If you ___________ (not do) well in the test, _________ you __________ (have to) do it again?
h We __________ (deal) with your request as soon as we __________ (be) able to process the information.
i The doctor says that I _________ (feel) mu better once I ___________ (have) the operation.
j Once you __________ (try) 'Glowhite' toothpaste, you ___________ (never use) anything else!