Did you know that…?
Microorganisms
have played a vital role in the development of genetic engineering
techniques. The idea of genetic engineering is to change a creature’s
genetic code to
eliminate
faults such as inherited diseases, or to create a particular effect.
So far, the most common use of genetic engineering has been to
produce medicines cheaply in large quantities. If scientists can
identify
the gene responsible for making a certain substance, they can insert
it into bacteria. Because bacteria multiply rapidly they will
manufacture
large quantities of the substance very quickly. The E.
coli
bacterium is especially widely used for this. Insulin
for diabetics, growth
hormone
for undergrown children and interferon
( used for treating viral
infections
) are all made this way.
The
stages of the process:
A
gap is made in the same place in the bacterium’s DNA.
The
right gene is cut out of the donor cell, usually human.
The
right gene is inserted in the gap in the bacterium’s DNA.
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http://www.medicinenet.com;
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http://www.yahoo.com;
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http://www.wikepedia.com;
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http://www.multitran.ru;
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http://www.lingvoda.ru/dictionaries/index.asp;
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http://slovotolk.com.
