1. Наклонение (the mood)*

*Наклонение показываeт, как говорящий рассматривает действие по отношению к действительности.

Рис. 17. Классификация наклонений

1. Повелительное наклонение (The Imperative Mood)*

+	–
Основная формула V	Основная формула Do not + V
e.g. Help me, please, Ed! Помоги мне, пожалуйста, Эд! e.g. Come in, Alice! Bходите, Алиса!	e.g. Don’t worry, Mr. Black! He беспокойтесь, господин Блэк!
e.g. Let Arnold do it! Пусть Арнольд сделает это! e.g. Let us watch the film «Wales is the land of songs»! Давайте посмотрим фильм «Уэльс – страна песен»!	e.g. Let Caspe not do it (Don’t let Casper do it)! Разрешите Каспeру не делать этого!
e.g. Be careful, Christine, will (would) you? Будь осторожна, Кристина, хорошо?	e.g. (только will) Don’t be late, Pam, will you? He опаздывай, Пэм, хорошо?

*Повелительное наклонение выражает побуждение к действию / приказ / просьбу / совет и т.д. которые адресуются коммуниканту или коммуникантам, глагол в повелительном наклонении стоит только в форме 2 лица единственного числа.

У пражнение 50. Поставьте глаголы в предложениях в повелительное наклонение:

1. 1 your hat when you go indoors. It’s impolite for men to wear hats indoors including restaurants and churches.

2. 2 Please and Thank you as it is а very good manner to say these words. You will notice that the British say Thank you a lot.

3. 3 when you are first introduced to someone shake the right hand with your own right hand.

4. 4 Sorry if you are accidentally bumped into one. They, probably, will too, even if it is your fault! This is a habit and can be seen as very amusing by an «outsider».

   5. 5 as a smiling face is a welcoming face.

   6. 6 in public. You may feel better by burping loudly after eating or drinking, but other people will not! If you can not stop a burp from bursting out, cover your mouth with your hand and say «Excuse me» afterwards.

      7. 7 with your mouth full of food. It’s considered impolite.

      8. 8 personal or intimate questions. The British like their privacy. Please do not ask

the questions such as How much money do you earn?, How much do you weigh?,

9. Never 9 a knife when having a meal. Women are entitled to equal respect and status with men in all areas of life and tend to have more independence and responsibility than in some cultures. They are independent and accustomed to entering public places unaccompanied. It is usual for women to go out and about on their own as well as with friends. Men and women mix freely.

10. 10. Spitting in the street is considered to be very bad mannered.

D o’s and don’ts зд.:правила поведения

А manner манера, поведение

To bump аaccidentally cтолкнуться с кем-либо случайно

If it is your fault даже если это произошло по Вашей вине

Very amusing by an «outsider» может быть довольно забавным с точки зрения приезжего

А burp отрыжка

How much money do you earn?, How much do you weigh?, Why aren’t you married? Сколько Вы зарабатываете? Каков Ваш Вес? Почему Вы не женаты (замужем)?

To be accustomed to согласно традиции

Women are entitled to equal respect and status with men in all areas of life and tend to have more independence and responsibility than in some cultures. Женщины имеют равные права с мужчинами во всех сферах жизни, более независимы, ответственны, чем в других странах.

To split плевать (ся)

1 . a) To take off b) Take off c) Do not take off

2. a) To say b) Say c) Do not say

3. a) To shake hands b) Shake hands c) Do not shake hands

4. a) To say b) Say c) Do not say

5. a) To smile b) Smile c) Do not smile

6. a) Not to burp b) Do not burp c) Do not to burp

7. a) Not to speak b) Do not speak c) Do not to speak

8. a) Not to ask b) Do not to ask c) Do not ask

9. a) do not eat off b) not to eat off c) eat off

10. a) Not to spit b) Not to spit c) Do not spit