2. Translate into Russian.

Which preposition do you use to translate participial phrases and the adverbial modifier?

Which form of infinitive is used with modal verbs? Why? What degree of certaintly do the modal verbs express? Which modal verbs express greater degree of certainty?

3. Rephrase the underlined part.

a. Maybe, voters elected the dark horse because of his brilliant campaign.

b. It is possible, that the news was broadcast earlier.

c. Despite all the mistakes they made, negotiations were successful.

d. They chose another hotel where service was better, though distance from the sea was the same.

4. Build similar sentences, 5 with the participial phrase, 3 with “for all…”, 7 with modal verbs + various forms of infinitive.

Comprehension exersices

1.Gist

Choose the correct variant.

1. America is experiencing a sense of:

1. internal dissent;

2. pride of its past;

3. premonition of its end.

2. America needs extensive import of resources, because:

1. it is densely populated;

2. it has developed production;

3. it lacks resources in its own territory.

3. The main reason of America’s strong economy is:

1. developed industry;

2. underpopulation and abundant resources;

3. geography and military.

4. American dominance is explained by:

1. weakening of European empires;

2. wise American politics;

3. collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.

5. Europen power was explained by:

1. scientific advances;

2. naval strength;

3. Unity of European states.

6. A crucial point , which made the USA strong after the first and second World Wars, was:

1. Land-Lease;

2. the occupation of Japan;

3. the “Four Freedoms”.

7. American sea power gave it advantage in the Cold War, because:

1. the USA was a better trade partner;

2. the USA offered greater political support;

3. the Americans were psychologically sure of their victory.

8. American culture is seen as:

1. civilised and mature;

2. decadent;

3. barbaric and adolescent.

9. Europen culture is seen as:

1. civilised and mature;

2. decadent;

3. barbaric and adolescent.

2. Detail.

   1. Learn and tell about: McCarthy, the Korean War and its impact on America, Little Rock, Sputnik, American policy in Berlin in the middle of the XX century, the Tower of Babel, the Versailles Treaty, Lend-Lease.

2.2. Explain the meaning of the word “Machiavellian” in the text (p. 14).

3. List the countries from 1 to … according to the information given in the text:

1. economic development. Japan, the USA, the UK, China, Germany.

2. oil extraction: Russia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, the USA.

3. Natural gas extraction: the USA, Russia.

3. What do these numbers refer to?

4%, 25%, 1492, 1991, 49, 31, 1939

2. Answer the questions.

1. What mood prevails in America and what are its causes?

2. Does that mood reflect reality? Why?

3. How did Europe become powerful?

4. How did America become powerful?

5. How does the author describe American psychology?

2. Speak about the main ideas of the text. Express your own opinion.

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