Vocabulary

1. with resounding authority

2. devastated

3. combatant

4. Machiavellian

5. perish

6. unscrupulous

7. landlocked

8. inherent

9. acquiescence

10. to dwarf

11. the focal point

12. speak volumes

13. soar

14. sea lane

15. political leverage

16. simultaneously

17. retain

18. preside over

19. incompatible

20. bizarre

21. dissension

Do the following tasks in writing.

1. Translate and transcribe the words.

2. Find the words in the context. What other context can each word be used in? Build examples.

3. Find out, whether some words are cognate.

4. Divide single words into several groups according to the part of speech.

Verbs:

Nouns:

Adjectives:

Adverbs:

Participles:

Which words have a prefix? What do they mean without the prefix? Which have a suffix? What part of speech are they?

5. Look at the collocations. Which of them are set expressions? Which can be used with a different word (build examples)?

6. Complete with words and phrases from Vocabulary notes.

1. Often ________________ operations are supervised by cruel and ___________________ officers, who leave the invaded country completely ____________________. 2) Migration is the most important _____________ point of her presidential programme. She argues that native citizens should _____________ the right to get the best jobs. With a strong party support, she has a good political ________________, I’m sure. 3) The state has no access to the sea, it is ___________________. But despite that ________________ disadvantage, per capita income is among the highest in the world. 4) Colleagues expressed complete ___________________, when he voiced his wish to ________________ over the committee. To my mind, the fact speaks _______________: he is a deeply respected team member, and his presidency will help to overcome ______________ among colleagues. 5) They took control of sea ___________ with _________________ authority. Adversaries saw it as a sign of some ____________________ plot against other nations. 6) Prices _______________ and, ____________________, demand plummeted. Such was the result of a reform, which had seemed _______________ from the very outset. 7) “We must learn to live together as brothers, or _________________ together as fools”, said Martin Luther King. To my mind, such words ______________ all arguments of nationalists, whose position is __________________ with the logic of globalisation.

Grammar point

1. Which sentences contain:

a. participial phrases,

b. modal verbs,

c. a detached adverbial modifier?

1. …torn by deep internal dissension—its dissidents being united only in the certainty that their values are best.

2. Maritime powers are always wealthier than nonmaritime neighbors, all other things being equal.

3. …the United States will, for all of its apparent bumbling, be remarkably effective.

4. The Europeans may have heard of the Japanese, but they didn’t really know them.

5. All of these might have been borrowed from other cultures, but the Iberians integrated them into an effective economic and military system.