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Учебно-методический комплект по английскому языку для студентов по специальности: 0201 «Правоведение». Пояснительная записка

Данный учебно-методический материал составлен для студентов по специальности 0201 «правоведение» средних учебных заведений. В него включены тексты, грамматический материал, контрольные тесты на основе специальной, профессиональной лексики.

Основной материал содержит тексты с большим количеством разнообразных упражнений (смысловых, логических, творческих и т.д.). Тематика текстов: от страноведения до законодательства, основ криминологии, причин и видов преступлений. Тексты основаны на учебном материале по специальности.

В комплект так же включены словарь, ключи к упражнениям и контрольные тесты.

Данный учебный материал позволит развить и закрепить навыки чтения, перевода, устного и письменного изложения, профессиональных материалов.

Содержание

1. Россия. Российские законы и государственные система

2. Великобритания. Государственная структура Британии

3. США. Государственная структура и законы США

4. Законы и общество

5. Криминология

6. Чезаро Ломброзо – основатель криминологии

7. Причины преступлений

8. Наказание

9. Смертная казнь

10. Обращение и содержание преступников

11. История полицейских сил

12. Организация полицейских сил

13. Полиция. Структура и деятельность полиции

14. Полиция и общество

15. Скотланд-Ярд, история создания

16. Присяжные. Суды. Виды судебных дел

Unit 1 Text

Russia

Russia (the official name – the Russian Federation) is the largest country in the world. The country is situated both in Europe and Asia. Its total area is over 17 mln. sq. km.

Our land is washed by 12 seas, most of which are the seas of 3 oceans: the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific. In the south and in the west the country borders on 14 states. It also has a sea-border with the USA.

The country has a great variety of flora and fauna. There are numerous forests, plains and steppes, taiga and tundra, highlands and deserts in our land. The highest mountains are the Altai, the Urals, and the Caucasus. There are over 2 mln. rivers in the Russian Federation. The longest of them are the Volga, the Ob’, the Yenisei, the Lena and the Amur. Our land is also rich in various lakes. Baikal is the deepest lake in the world.

On the Russian territory there are 11 time zones. The climate conditions are rather different: from arctic and mild – to continental and subtropical. Our country is one of the richest in natural resources countries in the world: oil, natural gas, coal, different ores of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and other minerals. It is one of the highly developed agro-industrial powers in the world. The main industrial branches are machine-building, aircraft, aerospace, automobile, textile, chemical and others.

The Russian Federation is a multinational state. It comprises many national districts, several autonomous republics and regions. The population of the country is about 150 mln. More than 100 different nations and nationalities live in the Russian Federation.

Moscow is the capital of our Motherland. Its population is over 10 mln people. It is the largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial cities.

Russian is the official language of the state. The national symbols of the Russian Federation are the state white-blue-red flag and 2-headed Eagle.

The Russian Federation is a constitutional state headed by the President. The country government consists of 3 branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The legislative power belongs to the Council of Federation (upper chamber) and the State Duma (lower chamber). Each chamber is headed by the Speaker.

The executive power belongs to the Government (the Cabinet of Ministers) headed by the Prime Minister. The judicial power belongs to the system of Courts comprising the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and federal courts.

Our country has a multiparty system.

The foreign policy of the Russian Federation is that of international cooperation, peace and friendship with all nations of the Globe irrespective of their political and social systems.

Task 1 Are these sentences right or wrong:

1. The Russian Federation is one of the largest countries in the world.

2. It occupies the whole continent of Euro-Asia.

3. Our country is washed by the seas of the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans.

4. The Russian flora and fauna are rather poor.

5. There are many rivers and lakes in our land, that’s why the climate is mild.

6. The population of our country is over 160 mln.

7. St. Petersburg is the capital of our state.

8. Our country has rich mineral resources.

9. Russia is one of the highly developed industrial powers in the world.

10. The Russian Federation is a constitutional state headed by the Prime Minister.

11. The President controls all the branches of the government.

12. The Russian Parliament is called the State Duma.

Task 2 Translate into English:

1) Крупнейшая в мире страна; 2) общая площадь; 3) занимать территорию / часть Европы и Азии; 4) граничить со многими государствами / иметь морские границы; 5) различные климатические условия; 6) многонациональное государство (автономная республика) / национальный округ; 7) столица государства; 8) высокоразвитая промышленная держава; 9) законодательная / исполнительная / судебная ветвь правительства; 10) верхняя и нижняя палаты / Совет Федерации / Госдума / Премьер-министр; 11) конституционный / верховный / федеральный суд; 12) внешняя политика / международное сотрудничество.

Task 3 Translate questions into English and answer them:

1. Как называется наша страна?

2. Где она расположена?

3. Какова её территория?

4. Каково её население?

5. С какими государствами она граничит?

6. С какими морями и океанами омывается наша страна?

7. Сколько рек и озер на территории нашей страны?

8. Какие реки крупнейшие в России?

9. Наша страна имеет богатейшую флору и фауну, не так ли?

10. Какими природными ресурсами богата Россия?

11. Кто является главой государства?

The Russian government Structure and Laws.

Russian Law in the 18^th century.

Peter the Great of Russia deserves to be classified as a great legislator: he personally drafted or revised many of his enactments; it was he personally who instructed that foreign laws and legal experience be assembled and it was he who read or specially translated these materials for his own edification.

Peter I had taken the measures required to found the Academy of Sciences in Russia, which opened shortly after his death in 1725. Law was among the sciences to be pursued, and the Academy of Sciences was to serve simultaneously as a research and a teaching institution, an Academy and a university. The first appointee in law, Beckenstein from Germany, offered lectures on natural law and politics.

Russian law in the 19^th century.

Russia entered the nineteenth century with a new Emperor in a liberal frame of mind determined to modernize the state apparatus and bring order to the chaotic state of Russian legislation. In 1801 the tenth codification commission since Peter I was instituted. The Commission looked initially to Europe for ideas. The works of Jeremy Bentham were translated into Russian and the Code Napoleon was closely followed in preparing first draft bills.

Alexander I also introduced a ministerial reform to change the collegial model of Peter the Great. Modelled upon the French scheme, the administrative reform was accompanied by an expansion of the education system. “Jurisprudence” was law, Roman law, private law, criminal law, and the State economy.

State System of Russia.

Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of the State in this country is the President. The government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The President controls each of them.

The legislative power is exercised by the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers: the Council of Federation and State Duma. Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. A bill may be introduced in any chamber. A bill becomes a law if it is approved by both chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill. He can make international treaties. The President may also appoint ministers; the Federal Assembly are elected by the people for four years. The executive power belongs to the Government, or the Cabinet of Ministers. The government is headed by the Prime Minister.

The judicial power belongs to the system of courts. It consists of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and other courts.

The national symbol of Russia is a white-blue-and-red banner. The hymn of Russia is “The Patriotic Song” by M. Glinka.

Ex 1. Answer the questions:

1. What branches does the Government consists of?

2. What is the legislative power exercised by?

3. How is the law made?

4. What body does the executive power belong to?

5. What does the system of courts consist of?

6. What are the national symbols of Russia?