Outline:

1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………3

2. Banking system as effective mechanism of regulation of economy………………………………….………..……4

2.1. Features of a banking system of Kazakhstan………………………………………………………………………………….5

2.2. A role of banks in modern economy……………………………………………………………………………………………….6

3. Analysis of a current state……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….…..8

3.1. National bank of Kazakhstan……………………………………………………………………………………………………………8

3.2. Commercial banks…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..13

3.3. Own bank capital, performance by banks standard legal certificates, credit portfolio………….……….16

3.4. Specialized financial institutions……………………………………………………………………………………………...……..19

3.5. Foreign banks……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………20

4. Role of a banking system in stabilization of economy of Kazakhstan………………………………………..………24

5. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………28

References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….29

Introduction

Banking system - one of the most important and integral structures of market economy. Development of banks and commodity production and the address historically went in parallel and closely intertwined. Thus banks, carrying out monetary calculations financing farms, acting as intermediaries in capital redistribution, essentially increases overall effectiveness of production, promote growth of productivity of social activities. Today, in the conditions of the developed commodity and financial markets, the structure of a banking system sharply becomes complicated. There were new types of the financial institutions, new credit tools and methods of service of clientele.

Practice of bank activity abroad represents a great interest for developing in Kazakhstan and other CIS countries of new economic system. Transition from administrative the operated highly monopolized state bank structure to the dynamic, flexible system of the credit institutions focused on commercial success based on a private collective property, on receiving profit is made. There is a search of optimum forms of the institutional device of the credit system, effectively working mechanism in the market of the capitals, new methods of service of commercial structures. Creation of steady, flexible and effective bank infrastructure - one of the major (and during too time extremely difficult) problems of an economic reform in Kazakhstan. The task becomes complicated what insufficiently to declare creation of new credit institutes, having replaced the name of bank and having given the "joint-stock company" status. Radically should all system of the relations in the banking sector, nature of management and control will change from National bank, principles of relationship of banks and their clients, calculations with the state budget etc. But also it not everything, is necessary to change psychology of the banker, to bring up the new bank worker - well educated, initiative, free from dogmas and ready to go on the considered and weighed risk.

Creation of the new market - a high-grade new stage in development of our society. And it is natural that as any new phenomenon, transition to the market relations has the positions and the indistinct moments. One of the indistinct moments is deep crisis which covers all spheres of life of society. And more than ever in these conditions the role of the economic theory increases in identification of an essence of occurring transformations, and as in development of practical recommendations about overcoming of a crisis situation and achievement of economic stability. And further development of society. For today there are many problems and questions of a transition period which demands scientific judgment and permission.

Special complexity of performance of goals is given by that circumstance that in a course of «social experiment» institutes developing by eyelids and tools of the financial market were purposefully liquidated. On the basis of utopian, ideological concepts the huge ugly bank pyramid in the form of the State Bank, crushed under itself all credit sulfur and system of calculations and completely eliminated elements of the competition, competitiveness and risk was created. It defined other defective systems - rigid centralization of price resources and strong-willed methods their distribution complete without rules and lack of initiative of local links of a bank network, vicious practice of automatic issue of loans «under the plan» etc.

Creation of the new mechanism it is possible only by restoration of the lost rational principles of functioning of the credit institutions accepted in the civilized world and leaning on centuries-old of market financial structures. Therefore value of thoughtful and subsequent studying of foreign practice, receptions and forms of accumulation of money of resources, crediting and calculations which are products of long historical selection in severe constraints of competitive fight and which are shown the high efficiency and adaptability to different conditions of economic development is so great. Certainly, all specified methods of work, institutes and strategy of economic behavior can't be copied and replaced in other view of the Kazakhstan soil. Attempts of such implantation are fraught with big losses discredit of the idea of development of another's experience. New forms should be offered after careful studying as needs of clients of bank, their ability to apprehend financial innovations, so profitability of new technologies of new types of service for banks, readiness of their personnel.

The modern period of social development in RK is characterized by features of a transition period. It first of all is connected with radical high-quality changes in all system of the social and economic relations. Social and economic transformations are directed on gradual formation of the new economic relations based on trailers of the market.

Creation of the new bank mechanism possibly only by revolt of the lost rational signs of functioning of the credit institutions accepted in the world and relying on centuries-old experience of market and financial structures. Therefore an urgency of a problem of formation of qualitatively new system of banks proved by that today, forming this mechanism, it is important not to lose the positive traditions which have been saved up by mankind, elements of world experience which will help our young state to avoid with any measure mistakes on a way to the market relations.

In an economy in transition condition the banking sector should reject in the maximum degree to problems of creation of bases of market economy. Differently, interests of banks should promote and, in any case, not interfere with the solution of a national problem of restructuring of economy and movement to the market. [http://student.zoomru.ru/buhaudit/bankovskaya-struktura-kazahstana/44288.340792.s5.html]