2 Unemployment in the period of globalization in the World

International Labour Organization has analyzed the situation in the area of ​​employment and concluded that after the global economy, it could plunge into a deep crisis. In the latest report, entitled World of Work in 2011: to make markets create jobs, the ILO points out that the delayed recovery of the global economy negatively affected the labor market. According to experts of the organization, given current trends can be concluded that the developed economies to return to pre-crisis level of employment will need at least five years - a year longer than did the forecast in last year's report. The decline in the labor market usually comes six months later than the decline in the economy, and now we are just going through this period of six months, the authors report. They estimate that in the next two years to reach pre-crisis level of employment will be required to create 80 million jobs. However, the recent slowdown of economic growth suggests that the global economy will create only half the necessary jobs. The ILO notes that further immersion into the world economy crisis could lead to new social unrest in many countries. The report includes a new "index of social unrest," which captures the level of public dissatisfaction with the lack of jobs and indignation at the fact that the burden of the crisis distributed unfairly. The index shows that in over 45 countries of 118 countries covered by the study, the risk of social unrest is growing. This is especially true of developed economies, in particular, EU, Arab countries and - to a lesser extent - the Asian region. Thus the risk of social unrest or less kept at the same level in Africa south of Sahara and Latin America. Almost two-thirds of developed countries and half of those that emerge and develop, for which available data fresh once again experiencing a slowdown in employment. This overlapping factors such as unreliable employment and unemployment in the world, which reached its highest level in history and reached 200 million people. There are three reasons why a further slowdown in economic growth makes a particularly negative impact on the situation in the area of ​​employment. First, in comparison with the crisis enterprises today less able to retain their employees, and secondly, an increased need for the harsh measures of the budget savings the government is less inclined to support and adopt programs to support employment and incomes, and thirdly, in lack of policy coordination at the international level, have to operate in isolation.

3. Unemployment in the period of globalization in Ukraine

Impact of globalization on the economy of the world is very significant because they are interconnected by a number of contracts at various levels, and therefore interdependent. Thus, everything that happens in the entire world economy one way or another affects the national economies. After Ukraine's accession to the WTO national economy also came under the influence of the negative effects of globalization. A striking example is the global financial crisis that began in 2006 with the crisis in the U.S. mortgage market, and today she has covered each and every country in the world. And it was systemic, and therefore affected not only the bankruptcy of banks, including those that previously were considered the standard of reliability, but also on the fall production, job losses, declining real incomes, increasing unemployment. The aim is the analysis of the global financial crisis as part of globalization on the situation of unemployment in Ukraine. In many developed countries the unemployment rate remains high. The unemployment rate in some countries (Average per year, the percentage of economically active population)

Table 1  2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Russia 10.6 9.0 7.9 8.2 7.8 7.2 7.2 6.1 USA 4.0 4.7 5.8 6.0 5.5 5.1 4.6 4.6 Germany 7.9 7.9 8.7 9.1 9.2 9.2 8.1 8.3 France 10.0 8.8 8.9 8.9 9.2 9.1 9.1 8.0 Brazil ...  ...  ...  12.3 11.5 9.8 10.0 9.3 Portugal 3.9 4.1 5.1 6.4 6.7 7.6 7.7 8.0   Analysis of the data table shows the downward trend in unemployment in the period from 2000 to 2006 (before the global financial crisis), and in late 2006 and in 2007 the unemployment rate tends to increase. In Ukraine, according to ILO unemployed, and, consequently, the unemployment rate in March 2000 to 2007 gradually reduced, and in 2008 these figures increased sharply. The number and level actually registered unemployed in the country also reflect this trend Unemployment in Ukraine Table 2

	2000	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Number of unemployed persons (ILO met hodology), th	2655.8	2008	1906.7	1600.8	1515	1417.6	1425.1
The level of unemployment (ILO methodology), percent	11.6	9.1	8.6	7.2	6.8	6.4	6.9
Number of registered unemployed, thousand	1155.2	988.9	981.8	881.5	759.5	642.3	844.9
The level of registered unemployed, percent	4.1	3.5	3.5	3.1	2.7	2.3	3.0

The increase in unemployment in 2008 is primarily the result of layoffs and the release of the various categories. Total for 2008 freed 77.4 thousand people, including from workplaces - 34.0 thousand, from office employees - 32.6 thousand, with seats that do not require training - 10.8 thousand in country in 2008 recorded 72.3% of the economically active population of working age, and employment in this category was only 67.3%. In 2009, unemployment continues to rise. As of October 1 registered in employment centers were already 558.7 thousand people, among whom there were 62.2 thousand workers lost their livelihood. According to unofficial data, unemployment in Ukraine is much higher, since much of the private small business secret of the fact that employees in their enterprises, receiving wages in envelopes. So we, in our view, a significant percentage of hidden unemployment, which also increases as a result of bankruptcy of a number of small businesses because of the inability to obtain loans for their development (in the country suspended all lending to banks). The problem of employment in Ukraine makes part of the working population to seek work in the world. According to State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, in 2008, officially migrated abroad, 22,402 persons, of whom migrated to the CIS 14,770 persons to other countries - 7,632 people. According to unofficial data abroad with about 3 million Ukrainian people. Thus, the global systemic financial crisis as part of global processes of the world affected the situation of employment and Ukraine, and the world at large. In our view, to reduce unemployment in Ukraine to improve the welfare of these conditions should gradually move to a strictly centralized state regulation of the country's economy, which develop a program of transition to state capitalism, with its main mechanisms of economic laws of economic development.