- •Chapter 1
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text. What is Science?
- •VII. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •VIII. Make up dialogues on the following topics.
- •IX. Render the text. Chapter 2
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text. Science, engineering and technology
- •III. Answer the following question.
- •IV. Find in the text the English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.
- •V. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •VI. Insert the necessary word. Consult the text.
- •Chapter 3
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text. Technology
- •III. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •IV. Write down 5 your own sentences using words and word combinations from Ex-s 1 ,3.
- •V. Answer the following questions.
- •VI. Give a latter of the correct ending for each sentence.
- •VII. Give the numbers of the statements that are true according to the text.
- •VIII. Render the text. Chapter 4
- •II. Master the active vocabulary.
- •III. Read and translate the text.
- •IV. Match the underlined words from the text with the meanings below.
- •V. Find the English equivalents.
- •VIII. Translate into English.
- •Chapter 5
- •I. Master the active vocabulary:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Answer the questions about the text.
- •IV. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Give the English equivalents.
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •III. Give the Russian equivalents.
- •IV. Give the English equivalents.
- •V. Answer the questions.
- •VI. Retell the text.
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Answer the questions.
- •IV. True or False?
- •V. Give the English equivalents.
- •VI. Retell the text. Chapter 8
- •Small is beautiful
- •IV. Which paragraphs describe advantages of optical fibres and which describe disadvantages?
- •V. Complete the definitions (1-9) below with the underlined words in the text.
- •Chapter 9
- •Big is the Best
- •III. Read the text again and answer the questions (1-9) below.
- •IV. First, underline the question words in Exercise 3. Then use them to complete these questions.
- •V. Complete the texts by putting one word in each space. Use the words in the box. Check the meaning of any new words in the glossary or your dictionary.
- •Chapter 10 Gadgets
- •II. Read the texts (a-d) again and match the sentences (1-6) below with the gadgets.
- •III. Complete the definitions (1-7) with the underlined words in the text. Use the glossary or your dictionary to help you.
- •Chapter 11 The future of technology
- •Grammar notes: Phrasal verbs
- •II. Study the following phrasal verbs. Put each one in the correct sentence.
- •Chapter12
- •Innovations in medical technology
- •AbioCor Artificial heart.
- •II. Before reading the next text discuss with your partner the possible answers to the following questions.
- •Read the text and check your answers.
- •Chapter13
- •I. Find the meaning of each word.
- •II. Find the synonym of each word.
- •III. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •IV. Read and translate the following word combinations into Russian.
- •Play the game.
- •Chapter 14
- •I. Read and translate the text. Alfred nobel - a man of contrasts
- •II.Read the text again and divide it into four parts. Give titles to these parts choosing the most suitable from the list below:
- •III. Form sentences connecting word groups on the right with but and making the necessary changes. You will see that Nobel’s life was really full of contrasts.
- •Chapter 15
- •Little-known facts about well-known people
- •3. What brought Einstein more joy than anything else?
- •4. By what illustration did Einstein explain his Theory of Relativity?
- •5. What two rules of conduct did Einstein have?
- •Chapter 16 Where have I heard that name before?
- •I. Before you start.
- •II. Put these standard international (si) units into the correct column.
- •III. Now complete the definitions (1-11) below with the units from Exercise 2 and the people in the box.
- •Read the definitions in Exercise 3 again. Find words that mean.
- •V. Find out which things in this list are named after people. Can you add similar words from your language?
- •Chapter 17
- •I. Read and translate the text. Alexander graham bell
- •II. Complete sentences choosing the variant corresponding to the contents of the text.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •Additional material for reading
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •II. Ask 6 questions about the text.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •II. Give summary of the text.
- •II. Ask 6 questions about the text. Text 4. Collider design
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •II. Give the summary of the text.
АСТРАХАНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
Гуманитарный Институт
Кафедра «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании»
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Практикум по теме «Область моих научных интересов» для студентов 1-2 курсов всех специальностей
Астрахань 2011
Составители: Ибляминова М.Р., Нурмухамбетова С.А. старшие преподаватели кафедры «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании»
Рецензент: зав. кафедрой, кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании» ФГОУ АПО АГТУ Фёдорова О.В.
Настоящий практикум по теме «Область моих научных интересов» предназначен для студентов 1-2 курсов всех специальностей пособие, в основу которого положен принцип профессиональной направленности и коммуникативной ориентации. Целью практикума является формирование и развитие языковой компетенции будущих специалистов на базе предложенных текстов и лексико-грамматических упражнений.
Представленный практикум может быть использован как для аудиторной и внеаудиторной работы студентов.
Практикум по теме «Область моих научных интересов» соответствует предъявляемым требованиям и может быть рекомендован к распространению через участок ротапринтной печати АГТУ и использованию в учебном процессе.
Сборник иностранных текстов одобрен и утвержден на заседании кафедры «ИЯИТО» от 22.03.2011г., протокол № 8 .
© Астраханский государственный технический университет
Chapter 1
I. Master the active vocabulary.
to peer – вглядываться , всматриваться
rainforest – тропический лес
to scribble – писать каракулями , небрежно
shuttle – затвор шлюза
facet –аспект
to figure out – вычислять; понимать, постигать
edifice – ['edifis] здание, сооружение
perception – восприятие
to verify – проверять, подтверждать
brainstorm – буйный припадок, душевное потрясение
speculate – размышлять; делать предположения
predictions – предположения
to scrap – выбрасывать
earthquake – землетрясение
weasel – ласка
to burrow – рыть нору, прятаться в норе, жить в норе
mumps – свинка (болезнь)
measles – корь
II. Read and translate the text. What is Science?
In ancient times science (from the Latin word scientia) meant knowledge or learning. Today we define science as the study of the world around us. The study of science helps us to answer how, what, where, and why questions concerning our surroundings. But science is more than a collection of facts. Science is a human work. It is a growing and an exciting search for what is true. In this
sense, science is a way of solving problems.
The word "science" probably brings to mind many different pictures: a fat textbook, white lab coats and microscopes, an astronomer peering through a telescope, a naturalist in the rainforest, Einstein's equations scribbled on a chalkboard, the launch of the space shuttle, bubbling beakers etc. All these images reflect some aspects of science, but none of them provides a full picture because science has so many facets:
Science is both a body of knowledge and a process. Studying at school, science may sometimes seem like a collection of isolated and static facts listed in a textbook, but that's only a small part of the story. Science is also a process of discovery that allows us to link isolated facts into coherent and comprehensive understanding of the natural world.
Science is exciting. Science is a way of discovering what's in the universe and how these things work today, how they worked in the past, and how they are likely to work in future. Scientists are motivated by the thrill of seeing or figuring out something that no one has had before.
Scientists accept that the observations and scientific results must be "objective." That is they must be repeatable, testable and confirmable by other scientists, even (and especially) skeptical ones. The edifice of law and theory that science builds must be representative of a "shared" perception that can be observed and verified by anyone equipped with good observation skills and appropriate measuring tools. Modern science uses language and concepts that go far beyond the directly and immediately observable, but there must always be logical links and experimental operational links between these concepts and things we can observe.
To craft scientific models and theories, scientists must brainstorm, innovate and speculate. That's the creative component of the activity. But they must also maintain a disciplined rigor to ensure that their theories and models fit into a logical and consistent interrelated structure. The final edifice called science allows deduction of predictions about the world, predictions that may be tested against observations and against precise measurements made on nature. Nature is unforgiving of mistakes, and when experiments disagree with the predictions of scientific laws and models these laws and models must be modified or scrapped.
Science has many branches such as physical science, earth science, and life science. Life science is the study of living things -plants and animals. It helps to explain how living things relate to one another and to their surroundings.
Put yourself in the place of a life scientist. Try to figure out the following press releases. Can you explain these events?
CHINE: DECEMBER, 1974 - Snakes crawled from their winter sleeping places. They froze to death in the winter cold. Rats also behaved in a strange way. They came out of their hiding places and wandered around the streets in broad daylight. These events were followed by an earthquake.
CHINA: FEBRUARY, 1975 - Geese were seen flying into trees. Dogs howled for no clear reason. These events were followed by an earthquake.
GREECE: 856 - Mice, weasels, and other burrowing animals were seen fleeing from the ancient city of Helice. Five days later the city was leveled by an earthquake.
Earthquakes affect all the living things. Because life scientists study the behavior of living things they are able to predict earthquakes. It is one of many ways life science is used in the world.
How science and technology influence you
Technology is the use of scientific discoveries. Transportation, communication, food, medicine, and most of what you see around you are the result of technology. Technology based on life science has resulted in many useful applications. Plants that don't get sick easily, shots that prevent mumps and measles, X rays that show cavities, and organ transplants are just a few applications. The world is a better place because of science.
III. Answer the following questions.
1) What is science?
2) Science is both a body of knowledge and a process, isn’t it?
3) Why must scientific results be « objective»?
4) What branches does science have?
5) Do you think it is possible to live without science and technology?
6) How do science and technology influence the humanity?
IV. Find in the text the English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.
измерительные инструменты
наука о мире вокруг нас
быстро портиться
работа человека
повторяющиеся
подтверждаемые
логические связи
душевное потрясение
наблюдения
точные измерения
трансплантанты органов
V. Write down 5 your own sentences using words and word combinations from Ex-s 1, 4.
VI. Say if the following statements are true or false. Correct the false ones.
1. Technology is the use of scientific discoveries.
2. Plants that don’t get sick easily, shots that prevent mumps and measles, X rays that show cavities are the only science applications.
3. The behavior of living organisms can predict earthquakes .
4. When experiments agree with the predictions of scientific laws and models, these laws and models must be modified or scrapped .
5. There mustn’t be any logical links between the concepts and things we can observe.